The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Stability of Residential Buildings Built on Expansive Clays

2018 ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
Hossein Assadollahi ◽  
Hossein Nowamooz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Expansive Clays ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Replacement of floor structures in capital repair with the use of not extractable void formers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 06045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigoriy Afanasyev
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Capital Repair ◽  
Performance Technology ◽  
Confined Spaces ◽  
Resistance Increase ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

Urgency of the floor structures replacement is driven by the program of capital repair of the residential buildings adopted by the government and stipulates replacement of wood coverings by armored concrete floors that enable increase of stability, fire-resistance and cost effectiveness. Wood partitions and other elements of planning made of materials with low fire-resistance are also subject to replacement. It has been shown that the use of void formers allows reducing consumption of concrete, reinforcement, reduces duration of building and energy consumption. Thereby the stability and fire-resistance increase of the buildings under renovation is achieved. Solving these tasks is the objective of the represented work. It is worth noting that when renovating buildings the data about the use of not extractable void formers are absent. The technology development is an author’s initiative. The goal of the investigations consists in analyzing the works of the domestic and foreign scientists that make it possible to assess effectiveness of the technology when erecting buildings of cast in-situ reinforced concrete with the use of void formers. The submitted work has carried out the adaptation of the works performance technology in confined spaces of capital repair. Optimization of the void formers selection has been made, node points of the slabs’ resting on brick walls have been developed, the technology of dismantlement, form work, reinforcing, installation of void formers and concrete pouring has been developed. The complex of the works provides for obtainment of floor structures with the lesser consumption of concrete and reinforcement..

scholarly journals Issues of wind mode visualization and pedestrian comfort assessment when designing residential buildings on sloping territories in the Arctic zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 03013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya V. Dunichkin ◽  
Emanuele Naboni ◽  
Anna E. Korobeinikova ◽  
Olga I. Poddaeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Wind Regime ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aerodynamic Roughness ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Subject of research: visualization of the wind regime of residential buildings on the slope area in the Arctic. Goals: the purpose of the study is to identify the problems of visualization of the wind regime on the slopes and the analysis of patterns of airflow around the sloping territories, affecting the comfort of pedestrians. Materials and methods: airflow patterns of slope areas with different characteristics and comfort assessment for humans are analyzed in the course of work. Geotechnical methods are presented in solving the problems of wind erosion and the stability of hillsides and complex terrain within the city limits. Results: The importance and novelty of the research in studying the relationship of slope geometry and environmental quality, as a decrease in comfort inevitably leads to a decrease in the development of nearby urban areas in settlements on the coast of the Arctic Ocean, problems with climate and local climate, as well as a decrease in the quality of life of people. The article considers the relationship of plastic relief with the aeration regime of the territory, the dependence of aerodynamic roughness on their height, features of aeration of the slope and hilly terrain, factors affecting the direction and speed of the wind and methods for studying the aeration regime of slope areas. Findings: The possibilities of applying existing approaches to research and visualization for slope areas are demonstrated. The direction of development of the technique for visualization of slope areas has been determined.

Influence of Processing on Nutrients in Foods1

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARYL B. LUND
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Canned Foods ◽  
The Stability

Considerable research effort has been devoted to the effect of processing on nutrients in foods. Yet only recently has a systematic approach been used to identify changes in processes which result in improved nutritional content of the product. The catalyst for this systematic approach has been the generation of kinetic data on the influence of environmental factors on the stability of nutrients which can then be used in process models. The effort to quantify reactions important in foods must continue for both nutrients and toxic constituents, but because of limited resources, we should conscientiously choose which environmental factors and which nutrients or toxic substances will be studied. The example of improving nutrient retention in canned foods by choice of time/temperature treatment and by changing geometry is used to illustrate the application of modeling. Additional research effort is warranted on the effect of water activity on nutrient stability, the generation of toxic substances during processing and the bioavailability of nutrients as influenced by processing.

scholarly journals Ammonium Pretreatment and Addition Improve Stability of Environmental Parameters and Biogas Production under Anaerobic Co-digestion of Rice Straw and Dairy Manure

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Tang ◽  
Shuzhen Zou ◽  
Di Kang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Variable Coefficients ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThis paper optimized the anaerobic digestion (AD) pretreatment process, identified the relationship between stability of environmental factors and biogas production under ammonium hydroxide (NH3·H2O) pretreatment and analyzed the reason of NH3·H2O pretreatment to increase biogas production. Variable coefficients (CVs) of environmental factors were calculated to study the stability of environmental factors during AD process. The effect of initial AD environment factors on the stability of environmental factors during AD process was analyzed by redundancy analysis. Path analysis was used to analyze the response relationship the stability of environmental factors between and total biogas production (TBP). Results showed that pretreatment at 8% for 4 days, the TBP produced the highest value (302.5mL/g TS) and significantly higher than the other values (P < 0.01). NH3·H2O pretreatment had effect on the initial AD environment factors and the environment factors during AD process. Under the NH3·H2O pretreatment conditions, the stability of environment factors during AD process was affected by initial AD environment factors, while they had direct and indirect influences on the TBP. This research concluded that NH3·H2O pretreatment improved TBP via changing the initial environment of AD and the stability of environment factors during AD process, as well as the response relationship among initial AD environment factors and the stability of environment factors during AD process and biogas production, the changes improved the stability of environmental factors and made the environment more suitable for AD.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of air-conditioning and total load diversity in typical residential buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Naja Aqilah Hisham ◽  
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim ◽  
Aya Hagishima ◽  
Fitri Yakub ◽  
Hafizah Farhah Saipan Saipol
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
The Stability

Electricity consumption by air-conditioners in residential buildings significantly affects the electrical grid. The stability of the grid can be improved by a precise prediction of air-conditioning (AC) variations. Therefore, more information about the electricity usage patterns specifically on AC load is important. This paper aims to determine the consumption patterns of AC and total load through a field measurement of 20 dwellings located in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. Next, correlation and clustering are employed to identify the relationship between outdoor temperature and AC electricity consumption. The results revealed 75% of the occupants use the AC almost every day for about five to six hours per day at the rates of 0.93 kWh/day during day time and 3.43 kWh/day during night time. The correlation coefficient between the total daily AC consumption and the mean daily outdoor temperature ranged from -0.1 to 0.48. The variation of electricity consumption with time shows that AC electricity consumption increases with the increase of usage time. Lastly, the clustering process of AC usage pattern based on outdoor temperature displayed the uncommon behaviour from dwellings whereby high AC electricity consumption was recorded at low outdoor temperature.

Sources of Stability in Social and Economic Ideological Orientations: Cohort, Context, and Construct Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-730
Author(s):  
Aleksander Ksiazkiewicz ◽  
Robert Klemmensen ◽  
Christopher T Dawes ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Matt McGue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
National Context ◽  
Social Ideology ◽  
Age Cohort ◽  
Economic Ideology ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Existing research shows that ideological orientations are stable after young adulthood. Extending research on the sources of ideological stability, we examine social and economic ideology over a 3- to 4-year period in two twin panels (one Danish and one American). We find evidence for the importance of genetic influences and individual life experiences on the stability of social ideology in both contexts; shared environmental factors play an important role in the younger, Danish sample only. For economic ideology, genetic factors contribute to stability in the American sample only. Our findings show that the role of genetic and environmental factors in the stability of ideological orientations varies by type of ideology, national context, and, possibly, age cohort.

Revisiting Bedrock Values: The Stability and Predictive Power of the Society Works Best Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Torres ◽  
Steven S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Empirical Application ◽  
The Stability

In their 2011 piece, Smith et al. argue that there is a set of fundamental or bedrock values that predict ideology and that are strongly influenced by genetics. These values are considered universal, stable, and less susceptible to environmental changes. Smith et al. propose a scale to measure such values: the Society Works Best Index (SWBI). This is an important contribution, but the SWBI requires further evaluation. Using novel panel data, we evaluate the measure, improve on the empirical application with a national panel, and suggest improvements in the scale. We find that the SWBI is no more stable than other measures of ideology and that the observed changes are attributed to measurement error and environmental factors. Furthermore, like many other political attitudes, its predictive power is mediated by levels of political interest.

Development of Postural Equilibrium Tests for Examining Environmental Effects

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Thomley ◽  
Robert S. Kennedy ◽  
Alvah C. Bittner
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Postural Effects ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Toxic Materials ◽  
Postural Equilibrium ◽  
The Stability

The postural balance of 18 college students was measured with a modified version of the Fregly-Graybiel Battery of ataxia tests. The intention was to improve the stability of the tests and to ascertain which produced the most reliable results. Four tests of walking and standing were administered twice a day over five days. Subjects performed the tests in an erect position with their arms crossed and their eyes closed. Performance gradually increased with practice. Factor analysis implied three factors account for most of the variance of the four tests. The Stand-on-nonpreferred Leg (SONL) test was the most reliable and is recommended for the most economical assessment of highly transitory postural effects due to environmental factors, e.g., toxic materials.

Influence of environmental factors favorable to the development and proliferation of mold in residential buildings in tropical climates

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 106421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius De Castro Silveira ◽  
Mônica Martins Pinto ◽  
Fernando Simon Westphal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Tropical Climates

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF BEHAVIOR OF CEMENT COMPOSITES IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH HUMIDITY AND VARIABLE POSITIVE TEMPERATURES

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Erofeeva ◽  
Victor V. Afonin ◽  
Vladislav A. Fedortsov ◽  
Denis V. Emelyanov ◽  
Nikolay Yu. Podzhivotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Piecewise Linear Approximation ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Hardness Change ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Properties Of Composites

In this paper, the results of testing cement composites under the conditions of the effect of high humidity and variable positive temperatures are given.By the coefficient of variation of hardness (stability), the compositions are compared with various fillers, plasticizing and other fungicidal additives.To decide on the stability (stability) of the structure and properties of composites, it is proposed to rely on the area of the polygon obtained as a result of piecewise linear approximation of the exposure points. Explanations of the influence of environmental factors on hardness change of the composites.

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