On the Structure of Unconditional UC Hybrid Protocols

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-126
Author(s):  
Mike Rosulek ◽  
Morgan Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Protocols

Comparison Analysis of MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-218
Author(s):  
Tapaswini Samant ◽  
Yelithoti Sravana Kumar ◽  
Swati Swayamsiddha
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Mac Protocols ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Bandwidth Utilization ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Efficient Criteria ◽  
Hybrid Protocols

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are rapidly emerging as an interesting and challenging area of research in the field of communication engineering. This review work is different from other state-of-the-art literature as the MAC protocols discussed here are applicable both for homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. Performances like energy efficiency, cost optimization, throughput, bandwidth utilization, and scalability of the sensor network depend on MAC protocols, which are application-based. In the study, the authors have surveyed different MAC protocols with different merits and demerits. Based on the study, it is very hard to recommend any particular protocol as a standard for implementation as these are exclusively application dependent. The work can be further extended in terms of hybrid protocols, which may carry the advantages of the respective protocols along with energy-efficient criteria for practical implementation. Further cooperative WSN communication can be used for internet of things (IoT)-based systems, where the node placements and multi-operations concepts are of main concern.

Hunting problems of multi-quadrotor systems via bearing-based hybrid protocols with hierarchical network

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 050701
Author(s):  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Xin-Zhi Liu ◽  
Qing-Wei Chen ◽  
Zi-Xing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Network ◽  
Hybrid Protocols

scholarly journals Proving Hybrid Protocols Correct

2001 ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bickford ◽  
Christoph Kreitz ◽  
Robbert van Renesse ◽  
Xiaoming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Protocols

Opportunities of hybrid random access protocols for M2M communications in LTE/LTE-A networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Huda Althumali ◽  
Mohamed Othman ◽  
Nor Kamariah Noordin ◽  
Zurina Mohd Hanapi
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Collision Resolution ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
M2m Communications ◽  
Access Protocols ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hybrid Protocols

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communications on Long-term evolution (LTE) networks form a substantial part for the Internet-of-things (IoT). The random access procedure is the first step for M2M devices to access network resources. Many researchers have attempted to improve the efficiency of the random access procedure. This work revisits the performance of the hybrid random access protocols which combine congestion control techniques with collision resolution techniques. In particular, we investigate two hybrid protocols. The first one combines the pre-backoff (PBO) with tree random access (TRA), and the second one combines dynamic access barring (DAB) with TRA. The probability analysis is presented for both protocols. The performance is evaluated based on the access success rate, the mean throughput, the mean delay, the collision rate and the mean retransmissions. The simulation results show that the hybrid protocols achieve the highest success rate and throughput with moderate delay and low collision rates with a lower mean number of retransmissions compared to three benchmarks that apply either a congestion control or a collision resolution. The opportunities of future developments of hybrid protocols are listed at the end of this paper to highlight the issues that could be investigated to improve the performance of hybrid random access protocols.

A performance study of hybrid protocols for opportunistic communications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Pathak ◽  
Peizhao Hu ◽  
Jadwiga Indulska ◽  
Marius Portmann ◽  
Saaidal Azzuhri
Keyword(s):  
Performance Study ◽  
Opportunistic Communications ◽  
Hybrid Protocols ◽  
A Performance

scholarly journals In Vitro Shoot Regeneration and Polyploid Induction of Rhododendron ‘Fragrantissimum Improved’

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary J. Hebert ◽  
Darren H. Touchell ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney ◽  
Anthony V. LeBude
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Leaf Segments ◽  
Ornamental Traits ◽  
Hybrid Protocols ◽  
Mitotic Inhibitor ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

Rhododendron L.‘Fragrantissimum Improved’ is an attractive cultivar with showy, fragrant flowers but has limited potential for breeding because it is a sterile wide hybrid. Protocols for in vitro regeneration and polyploid induction were developed for this cultivar as a means to potentially restore fertility and enhance ornamental traits. Combinations of thidiazuron (TDZ) at 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 μM and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 μM were used to induce shoot regeneration from leaves. Shoot regeneration was optimized (68% of leaf segments produced shoots) using 8.8 μM TDZ and 10 μM NAA. To induce polyploidy, regenerative callus was treated with 7.5, 15, 30, 60, or 90 μM of the mitotic inhibitor oryzalin for 1, 3, 5, 7, or 14 d in various combinations. Oryzalin significantly affected survival and shoot regenerative capacity. A percentage of homogenous, tetraploid shoots was recovered from treatments of 30 μM oryzalin for 1 (13%) or 3 (13%) days and 7.5 μM oryzalin for 7 (20%) or 14 (7%) days.

Efficient Path Establishment Algorithm in MANETs using Bio-Inspired Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Amandeep Verma
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Cuckoo Search ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Aodv Protocol ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hybrid Protocols

The network in which the nodes can enter or leave the network as per their need is known as mobile ad-hoc network. This is a self-configuring type of network and so the routing in this type of network is very difficult. Numerous routing protocols are involved here which are classified on the basis of their properties into reactive, proactive and hybrid protocols. There are several important parameters such as delay, packet loss and throughput. These parameters are utilized for checking the performance of three routing protocols namely AODV, DSR and DSDV within this research. In comparison to the other protocols, the AODV routing protocol provides better results. In order to provide efficient path establishment from source to destination, enhancement has been proposed here within the AODV protocol which includes the utilization of cuckoo search and bee colony named bio-inspired techniques in it. The nodes that are found to be common in the selected paths are chosen to be the best nodes for the path. The NS2 tool is used for performing the simulations. As per the results achieved it can be seen that the AODV protocol provides better results in terms of the above mentioned parameters.

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