On the Complex Interaction Between Mathematics and Urban Morphology

2019 ◽  
pp. 315-333
Author(s):  
Nicola Bellomo ◽  
Pietro Terna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Complex Interaction

THE ROLE OF URBAN DESIGN IN TOKYO’S SHRINKING PERIPHERAL AREAS: THE CASE OF TAMA NEW TOWN

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Capitanio
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
New Town ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Peripheral Areas

The aging of Japanese society will inevitably restructure Tokyo’s spatial organization in the coming decades. Population loss will manifest itself unevenly, being most dramatic in peripheral areas—where ca. 87% of Greater Tokyo Area’s population lives—triggering a gradual spatial restructuring. Several scholars have tackled this issue from a geographical and planning perspective. From an architect’s viewpoint, such researches build a theoretical foundation upon which a more concrete investigation should be done, since the question of how liveability at the architectural and urban design scale could be tackled remains an open one. This paper focuses on one representative case study: Tama New Town, some 30km west of Tokyo Station. The emphasis is on four liveability factors relating to urban morphology, embedded in a wider socio-economic context: density/compactness, diversity of uses, walkability and green/water space. The significance of the research is threefold. On a theoretical level, we have assessed how urban design physical factors impact liveability in Tokyo’s peripheral areas. On a methodological level, we have tested workable methods that can be used by architects and urban designers to analyze neighborhood liveability in both quantitative and qualitative terms. On a practical level, we have provided new data and information about Tama New Town for the use of local municipalities and groups, suggesting strategies to address existing problems and highlighting potentials to be exploited.

Microvascular (dys)Function in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Cross Talk with Epicardial Segments

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (25) ◽  
pp. 2900-2905
Author(s):  
Lucian Calmac ◽  
Vlad Bataila ◽  
Bogdan Dragoescu ◽  
Cosmin Mihai ◽  
Alexandru Scafa-Udriste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Epicardial Stenosis ◽  
Current Guidelines

Myocardial ischemia is the consequence of an unbalance between coronary flow that can be achieved and myocardial metabolic needs. Pathological state of both epicardial and intramyocardial vessels may be responsible for inducing ischemia. However, revascularization decision should be based on the severity of each epicardial lesion that is evaluated. There are different diagnostic tools that may help for the evaluation of each compartment which is based on the measurement of coronary hemodynamics. Pressure-derived indices are recommended by current guidelines for evaluation of epicardial stenosis significance. We assess the complex interaction between hemodynamic parameters in order to understand how different parameters are influenced in the settings of microvascular dysfunction.

scholarly journals Evolution of Urban Patterns: Urban Morphology as an Open Reproducible Data Science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fleischmann ◽  
Alessandra Feliciotti ◽  
William Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Patterns

Complex Interaction Among Immune, Inflammatory, and Carcinogenic Mechanisms in the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Caruntu ◽  
Cristian Scheau ◽  
Mircea Tampa ◽  
Simona Roxana Georgescu ◽  
Constantin Caruntu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Climate-informed decision-making for urban design: Assessing the impact of urban morphology on urban heat island

Urban Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 100776
Author(s):  
Luis G.R. Santos ◽  
Ido Nevat ◽  
Gloria Pignatta ◽  
Leslie K. Norford
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals An Urban Lagrangian Stochastic Dispersion Model for Simulating Traffic Particulate-Matter Concentration Fields

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Eyal Fattal ◽  
Hadas David-Saroussi ◽  
Ziv Klausner ◽  
Omri Buchman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Vertical Heterogeneity ◽  
Matter Concentration

The accumulated particulate matter concentration at a given vertical column due to traffic sources in urban area has many important consequences. This task, however, imposes a major challenge, since the problem of realistic pollutant dispersion in an urban environment is a very demanding task, both theoretically and computationally. This is mainly due to the highly inhomogeneous three dimensional turbulent flow regime in the urban canopy roughness sublayer, which is far from “local equilibrium” between shear production and dissipation. We present here a mass-consistent urban Lagrangian stochastic model for pollutants dispersion, where the flow field is modeled using a hybrid approach by which we model the surface layer based on the typical turbulent scales, both of the canopy and in the surface layer inertial sub-layer. In particular it relies on representing the canopy aerodynamically as a porous medium by spatial averaging the equations of motion, with the assumption that the canopy is laterally uniform on a scale much larger than the buildings but smaller than the urban block/neighbourhood, i.e., at the sub-urban-block scale. Choosing the spatial representative averaging volume allows the averaged variables to reflect the characteristic vertical heterogeneity of the canopy but to smooth out smaller scale spatial fluctuations caused as air flows in between the buildings. This modeling approach serves as the base for a realistic and efficient methodology for the calculation of the accumulated concentration from multiple traffic sources for any vertical column in the urban area. The existence of multiple traffic sources impose further difficulty since the computational effort required is very demanding for practical uses. Therefore, footprint analysis screening was introduced to identify the relevant part of the urban area which contributes to the chosen column. All the traffic sources in this footprint area where merged into several areal sources, further used for the evaluation of the concentration profile. This methodology was implemented for four cases in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area based on several selected summer climatological scenarios. We present different typical behaviors, demonstrating combination of source structure, urban morphology, flow characteristics, and the resultant dispersion pattern in each case.

scholarly journals Macrophages/Microglia in the Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5775
Author(s):  
Jun Ma ◽  
Clark C. Chen ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophage ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Definition Of

The complex interaction between glioblastoma and its microenvironment has been recognized for decades. Among various immune profiles, the major population is tumor-associated macrophage, with microglia as its localized homolog. The present definition of such myeloid cells is based on a series of cell markers. These good sentinel cells experience significant changes, facilitating glioblastoma development and protecting it from therapeutic treatments. Huge, complicated mechanisms are involved during the overall processes. A lot of effort has been dedicated to crack the mysterious codes in macrophage/microglia recruiting, activating, reprogramming, and functioning. We have made our path. With more and more key factors identified, a lot of new therapeutic methods could be explored to break the ominous loop, to enhance tumor sensitivity to treatments, and to improve the prognosis of glioblastoma patients. However, it might be a synergistic system rather than a series of clear, stepwise events. There are still significant challenges before the light of truth can shine onto the field. Here, we summarize recent advances in this field, reviewing the path we have been on and where we are now.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document