Water and Wastewater Management in Informal Settlements: A Case Study

The aim of this paper is to study the treatment process of a Roman fullery (fullonica) with particular attention to the water and wastewater management system. Remains of several fullonicae have been documented at Pompeii and Herculaneum (Campania, Southern Italy), Ostia and Rome (Latium region, Central Italy), Florence (Tuscany, Central Italy), etc. The common academic perception of Roman fullonicae is significantly influenced by the fullonica of Stephanus (I 6, 7) in Pompeii, which is assumed to be a paradigmatic case study in this paper. The use of urine as an alkaline chemical agent in the soaping phase of the filling treatment process was overstated, with there also being no evidence of the fact that fullers collected their urine by means of vessels in front of their workshops, as usually reported. Thus, it is not clear how the Roman fullers collected and transported the urine they used in the fulleries. Finally, the rinsing phase can be considered a clear example of water reuse.

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Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Water and Wastewater Management: The Case Study of Japan

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology8030120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

Tomoko Takeda ◽

Junko Kato ◽

Takashi Matsumura ◽

Takeshi Murakami ◽

Amila Abeynayaka

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Local Governments ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Social Infrastructure ◽

Risk Hedging ◽

Legal Implications ◽

Rapid Pace ◽

Water And Wastewater

The integration of artificial intelligence into various aspects of daily life is developing at a rapid pace in Japan. Discussions to govern applications of artificial intelligence to the field of social infrastructure are also critical and need to match the rapid pace of development. However, the legal implications and risks of applying artificial intelligence to the management of lifelines such as drinking water supply and wastewater treatment have not yet been fully explored. This paper reviews the existing legislations and ongoing discussions on governance regarding applications of artificial intelligence to water and wastewater management. Based on the review, we discuss the ability of legislative frameworks in Japan to respond to the applications of artificial intelligence, as well as identifying potential gaps and challenges thereof, including access to accurate data, demarcation of rights and responsibilities, risk hedging and risk management, monitoring and evaluation, and handling of intellectual property rights. This paper concludes with key recommendations to national and local governments to support the application of artificial intelligence in the field of water and wastewater.

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Simulating the impact of water pricing on households behaviour: the temptation of using untreated water

Water Policy ◽

10.2166/wp.2005.0031 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 523-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Montginoul ◽

J-D. Rinaudo ◽

Y. Lunet de Lajonquière ◽

P. Garin ◽

J-P. Marchal

Keyword(s):

Water Demand ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Urban Water ◽

Urban Water Supply ◽

Urban Water Demand ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Recycling Systems ◽

The Impact

Recent studies on urban water demand have suggested that the water price increase observed during the last ten years in France has led to a reduction in the consumption of urban water by households. Whereas certain households have reduced their water consumption, others have turned to substitute water resources (collection of rainwater, borehole drilling, wells supplied with untreated mains water, grey water recycling systems, etc.). This article presents the results of a case study, which describes and analyses the phenomenon of resorting to untreated groundwater as a complement to or a substitute for the urban water supply. After highlighting the risks associated with uncontrolled development of private boreholes, the paper presents a survey conducted in Southern France to understand the motivations of households drilling boreholes. The results of this survey are utilised to develop a micro-economic model of households' behaviour, which is then used to assess the probability of development of private boreholes on a regional scale. The impact of various economic and regulatory scenarios on borehole development and the related impact on urban water demand and financial sustainability of water and wastewater management utilities are assessed.

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Development of environmental protection infrastructure in a rural commune after Poland’s accession to the European Union – case study

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW Land Reclamation ◽

10.2478/sggw-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 69-79

Author(s):

Zbigniew M. Karaczun ◽

Angelika Saniewska ◽

Grażyna Obidoska ◽

Barbara Żarska

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

The European Union ◽

Eu Legislation ◽

Eu Integration ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Polish Law ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

Abstract The process of European integration required the harmonization of the Polish law with EU legislation and the physical implementation of the new regulations. One of the areas in which these activities were carried out was environmental protection. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the Europeanisation process on environmental investment, ecology policy and the practice of environmental protection in rural communes using the example of the Wysokie Mazowieckie rural commune. The study have shown that the impact of the EU integration process was significant. This influence can be most clearly observed in the following two areas: the growing importance of environmental protection in commune policy and the acquisition of external financial resources for pro-ecological investments. Thanks to this, it was possible to solve many important environmental problems in the commune, especially regarding water and wastewater management as well as waste management.

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Co-Management of Sewage Sludge and Other Organic Wastes: A Scandinavian Case Study

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3411

Author(s):

Clara Fernando-Foncillas ◽

Maria M. Estevez ◽

Hinrich Uellendahl ◽

Cristiano Varrone

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Resource Recovery ◽

Organic Wastes ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Sewage Sludge Management ◽

The Common ◽

Green Chemicals

Wastewater and sewage sludge contain organic matter that can be valorized through conversion into energy and/or green chemicals. Moreover, resource recovery from these wastes has become the new focus of wastewater management, to develop more sustainable processes in a circular economy approach. The aim of this review was to analyze current sewage sludge management systems in Scandinavia with respect to resource recovery, in combination with other organic wastes. As anaerobic digestion (AD) was found to be the common sludge treatment approach in Scandinavia, different available organic municipal and industrial wastes were identified and compared, to evaluate the potential for expanding the resource recovery by anaerobic co-digestion. Additionally, a full-scale case study of co-digestion, as strategy for optimization of the anaerobic digestion treatment, was presented for each country, together with advanced biorefinery approaches to wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

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