scholarly journals Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Water and Wastewater Management: The Case Study of Japan

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Tomoko Takeda ◽  
Junko Kato ◽  
Takashi Matsumura ◽  
Takeshi Murakami ◽  
Amila Abeynayaka
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Risk Hedging ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Water And Wastewater

The integration of artificial intelligence into various aspects of daily life is developing at a rapid pace in Japan. Discussions to govern applications of artificial intelligence to the field of social infrastructure are also critical and need to match the rapid pace of development. However, the legal implications and risks of applying artificial intelligence to the management of lifelines such as drinking water supply and wastewater treatment have not yet been fully explored. This paper reviews the existing legislations and ongoing discussions on governance regarding applications of artificial intelligence to water and wastewater management. Based on the review, we discuss the ability of legislative frameworks in Japan to respond to the applications of artificial intelligence, as well as identifying potential gaps and challenges thereof, including access to accurate data, demarcation of rights and responsibilities, risk hedging and risk management, monitoring and evaluation, and handling of intellectual property rights. This paper concludes with key recommendations to national and local governments to support the application of artificial intelligence in the field of water and wastewater.

scholarly journals Municipal finance analysis: The case study of Gujarat (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-87
Author(s):  
Forum Dave
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Municipal Finance ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Governance System

This paper theoretically underpins the idea of greater involvement of local governments in the overall development of India explained through the theory of Fiscal Federalism. The theory outlines the dynamics of decentralization of power and functions through a multi-layered governance system leading to a new structure and added functions, finance, and accountability to local government. The paper also provides an overview of the increasing role of urban local governments in India and investigates whether the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) of Gujarat – a state in India, are efficient to perform the functions and responsibilities assigned to them by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (CAA). It scrutinizes the financial health of local governments in the urban regions of India. The results based on the application of MANOVA indicate that the 74th CAA empowered ULBs with a strong economic base that these ULBs are capable of mobilizing their own resources. This means that smaller municipalities must develop and convergence must be supported by a proportionate level of grants. This will ensure that with the development of social infrastructure, economic activities will increase, and, as a result, the conversion will occur.

scholarly journals Water and Wastewater Management and Biomass to Energy Conversion in a Meat Processing Plant in Brazil – A Case Study

Food Industry ◽  
10.5772/53163 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto J. ◽  
Regina F. P. M. Moreira ◽  
Danielle B. ◽  
Elaine Virmond ◽  
Aziza K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Water And Wastewater

scholarly journals Participatory monitoring and evaluation in local government: a case study of Lambussie District, Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
Bernard Afiik Akanpabadai Akanbang ◽  
Anass Ibn Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Participatory Monitoring ◽  
Local Government Level ◽  
District Assemblies

Ghana has pursued decentralisation since 1988, but its implementation continues to face challenges. Participatory monitoring and evaluation (PM&E) is one of the tools that can help local governments to be more effective in the planning and management of development projects. However, the issues involved in implementing PM&E in rural local governments operating within a rapidly changing sociocultural and political environment have not been sufficiently explored. To fill this gap in knowledge, this paper draws on project and policy documents and primary data on the application of PM&E in District Assemblies’ Common Fund projects implemented between 2013 and 2017 in Ghana’s Lambussie District. Six key informant interviews were held with district- and regional-level stakeholders, and eight focus group discussions were undertaken at the community level. The research found that inadequate provision for operationalising PM&E at the local level, and lack of accountability and feedback mechanisms, resulted in a tokenistic approach to PM&E. The authors suggest that research and advocacy on mechanisms for holding district authorities accountable is vital to the success of future PM&E initiatives at local government level.

Water and wastewater management in the treatment process of a Roman fullonica

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-605
Author(s):  
G. De Feo ◽  
S. De Gisi
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
The Common

The aim of this paper is to study the treatment process of a Roman fullery (fullonica) with particular attention to the water and wastewater management system. Remains of several fullonicae have been documented at Pompeii and Herculaneum (Campania, Southern Italy), Ostia and Rome (Latium region, Central Italy), Florence (Tuscany, Central Italy), etc. The common academic perception of Roman fullonicae is significantly influenced by the fullonica of Stephanus (I 6, 7) in Pompeii, which is assumed to be a paradigmatic case study in this paper. The use of urine as an alkaline chemical agent in the soaping phase of the filling treatment process was overstated, with there also being no evidence of the fact that fullers collected their urine by means of vessels in front of their workshops, as usually reported. Thus, it is not clear how the Roman fullers collected and transported the urine they used in the fulleries. Finally, the rinsing phase can be considered a clear example of water reuse.

Simulating the impact of water pricing on households behaviour: the temptation of using untreated water

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Montginoul ◽  
J-D. Rinaudo ◽  
Y. Lunet de Lajonquière ◽  
P. Garin ◽  
J-P. Marchal
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Urban Water Demand ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Recycling Systems ◽  
The Impact

Recent studies on urban water demand have suggested that the water price increase observed during the last ten years in France has led to a reduction in the consumption of urban water by households. Whereas certain households have reduced their water consumption, others have turned to substitute water resources (collection of rainwater, borehole drilling, wells supplied with untreated mains water, grey water recycling systems, etc.). This article presents the results of a case study, which describes and analyses the phenomenon of resorting to untreated groundwater as a complement to or a substitute for the urban water supply. After highlighting the risks associated with uncontrolled development of private boreholes, the paper presents a survey conducted in Southern France to understand the motivations of households drilling boreholes. The results of this survey are utilised to develop a micro-economic model of households' behaviour, which is then used to assess the probability of development of private boreholes on a regional scale. The impact of various economic and regulatory scenarios on borehole development and the related impact on urban water demand and financial sustainability of water and wastewater management utilities are assessed.

scholarly journals Development of environmental protection infrastructure in a rural commune after Poland’s accession to the European Union – case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Zbigniew M. Karaczun ◽  
Angelika Saniewska ◽  
Grażyna Obidoska ◽  
Barbara Żarska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The process of European integration required the harmonization of the Polish law with EU legislation and the physical implementation of the new regulations. One of the areas in which these activities were carried out was environmental protection. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the Europeanisation process on environmental investment, ecology policy and the practice of environmental protection in rural communes using the example of the Wysokie Mazowieckie rural commune. The study have shown that the impact of the EU integration process was significant. This influence can be most clearly observed in the following two areas: the growing importance of environmental protection in commune policy and the acquisition of external financial resources for pro-ecological investments. Thanks to this, it was possible to solve many important environmental problems in the commune, especially regarding water and wastewater management as well as waste management.

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