scholarly journals Evidence-Based PET for Neurological Diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Alberto Miceli ◽  
Selene Capitanio ◽  
Maria Isabella Donegani ◽  
Stefano Raffa ◽  
Anna Borra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based

Neurological Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 291-308
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Nurse ◽  
Neurological Sequelae

Many diseases are accompanied by neurological sequelae. Palliative care nurses must arm themselves with knowledge of common neurological symptoms in order to properly assess the patient, advise the patient and family/caregivers, and address these symptoms. Additionally, neurological diseases are common and may come with a heavy symptom burden. As evidence evolves, so must our clinical practice. This chapter will introduce the palliative care nurse to several neurological diseases requiring intervention for symptoms palliation. Additionally, this chapter will suggest appropriate, evidence-based interventions for broad symptom categories for treating the patient with a variety of neurological disturbances.

scholarly journals 2018 Yearbook of Neurorestoratology

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyun Huang ◽  
Hari Shanker Sharma ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Hooshang Saberi ◽  
Gengsheng Mao
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Standard Designs ◽  
Made In

The Neurorestoratology discipline is getting worldwide attention from the clinicians, basic scientists, students and policy makers alike. Accordingly, this year too, the discipline has made profound advances and great achievements for the benefit of the mankind. In this report, of the 2018 Neurorestoratology Yearbook, salient features of new developments are summarized. This Yearbook consists 3 key themes namely (i) the new findings on pathogenesis of neurological diseases or degeneration; (ii) the new mechanisms of neurorestorative aspects; and (iii) the achievements and progresses made in the clinical field of neurorestorative therapies. The new trend has emerged in clinical studies that are based on greater levels of evidence-based medical practices both in clinical therapies and clinical trials based on standard designs.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis in terms of evidence-based medicine: techniques for digitizing the results

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
S. A. Ryabov ◽  
A. N. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Based Medicine

A number of clinical trials, reviews, and meta-analyses have been recently published, which show the effectiveness of rehabilitation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is necessary to investigate the evidence basis of various rehabilitation methods that have proven to be effective in the combination treatment of other neurological diseases. At the same time, the simple transfer of these methods to the practice of managing patients with MS may not only improve, but even worsen their condition. An important task is to analyze methods for evaluating the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation, which in some cases are not without drawbacks. Owing to up-to-date technologies, there are more accurate, clear, and informative analysis methods as numerical values, the use of which can most objectively evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures before and after their implementation, which is necessary to standardize rehabilitation algorithms in patients with MS.

Neurological disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. 349-365
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Nurse

The palliative care nurse is likely to encounter a patient with advanced neurological disorder or with a medical condition with neurological complications. It behooves the palliative care nurse to prepare for the variety of symptoms and diagnoses that he or she will clinically encounter. This chapter aims to lead the palliative care nurse to the appropriate, evidence-based interventions for the patient with neurological disturbances. It addresses broad symptom categories as well as common neurological diseases with heavy symptom burden deserving of special attention.

Neurological Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 430-467
Author(s):  
Rikinkumar S. Patel ◽  
Muruga Loganathan ◽  
Erik K. St. Louis ◽  
Amit Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Sleep disorders are frequent in patients with neurological disorders and worsen neurological, psychiatric, cognitive and rehabilitation outcomes. Optimal management of sleep disorders in neurological diseases has been associated with significantly improved clinical and quality of life outcomes. Yet, sleep disorders are often underrecognized and undertreated in neurological patients. This chapter highlights the prevalence, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical implications, and management of common sleep disorders in neurological disorder including Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury. More research is warranted to fully understand this comorbidity and to consolidate evidence-based guidelines for management of sleep disorders in neurological patients.

Abstraction: An alternative neurocognitive account of recognition, prediction, and decision making

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie F. Reyna ◽  
David A. Broniatowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Trace Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Trace Theory ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
Technical Systems

Abstract Gilead et al. offer a thoughtful and much-needed treatment of abstraction. However, it fails to build on an extensive literature on abstraction, representational diversity, neurocognition, and psychopathology that provides important constraints and alternative evidence-based conceptions. We draw on conceptions in software engineering, socio-technical systems engineering, and a neurocognitive theory with abstract representations of gist at its core, fuzzy-trace theory.

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

Meeting the Best Practice for Hearing Aid Verification in Children: Challenges and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Fitting Hearing Aids

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

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