scholarly journals By Way of Summary: Substantive Contributions and Public Policies for Dealing with Social Inequalities

2020 ◽  
pp. 455-480
Author(s):  
Sandra Fachelli ◽  
Pedro López-Roldán
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public

AbstractThe final chapter aims to summarize the main substantive contributions of each of the preceding ones and the public policies that could be applied to deal with social inequalities. It also presents a general proposal for a future research programme in comparative analysis of social inequalities between Europe and Latin America.

scholarly journals Public Policies for Procurement under COVID19

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-36
Author(s):  
Luís Valadares Tavares ◽  
Pedro Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
European Directives ◽  
Public Markets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Contracting ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Selection Of

Public procurement is a main issue in the frontline of Governments fighting COVID 19 pandemic as the need for additional and urgent acquisitions as well as the need to consolidate the supply chains and to promote sustainable and innovative procurement have been a source of deep changes and main challenges disturbing public markets and invalidating several assumptions of the traditional public contracting. In this paper, the development of appropriate public policies to cope with these challenges is studied following the approach suggested by several authors and including four stages: a Stage on Facts and Issues where the main challenges and conditions are studied, the Options Stage to describe which polices and procedures can be adopted, a Values Stage stating the main values to be pursued and, finally, a Policies Stage including the selection of the recommended policies. The analysis of the challenges and facts includes the study of a taxonomy of short and longer term needs and the available options are based on the comparative study of procedures ruled by the European Directives on Public Procurement approved on 2014. The major values to be respected include the principle of competition which is a major institutional principle of the European Treaty and of the Directives as well as the goal of promoting sustainable and innovative public procurement. Several indicators are suggested to describe the application of the public procurement policies adopted across EU and their comparative analysis is presented using the TED data for contracts concerning COVID 19. The case of Portugal is discussed and final remarks about the recommended public policies are also included herein.

scholarly journals Public support for ‘soft’ versus ‘hard’ public policies: Review of the evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchayan Banerjee ◽  
Manu Savani ◽  
Ganga Shreedhar
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Educational Campaigns

This article reviews the literature on public support for ‘soft’ versus ‘hard’ policy instruments for behaviour change, and the factors that drive such preferences. Soft policies typically include ‘moral suasion’ and educational campaigns, and more recently behavioural public policy approaches like nudges. Hard policy instruments, such as laws and taxes, restrict choices and alter financial incentives. In contrast to the public support evidenced for hard policy instruments during COVID-19, prior academic literature pointed to support for softer policy instruments. We investigate and synthesise the evidence on when people prefer one type of policy instrument over another. Drawing on multi-disciplinary evidence, we identify perceived effectiveness, trust, personal experience and self-interest as important determinants of policy instrument preferences, along with broader factors including the choice and country context. We further identify various gaps in our understanding that informs and organise a future research agenda around three themes. Specifically, we propose new directions for research on what drives public support for hard versus soft behavioural public policies, highlighting the value of investigating the role of individual versus contextual factors (especially the role of behavioural biases); how preferences evolve over time; and whether and how preferences spillovers across different policy domains.

Public policies of connectivity in Latin America in the context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Bernadette Califano ◽  
Martín Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
Telecommunications Policies ◽  
Latin American Countries

This article analyses the digital policies introduced in different Latin American countries during the first three months after the outbreak of COVID-19 reached the region (March–June 2020). This analysis has a three-fold objective: (a) to give an overview of the status of connectivity in five big Latin American countries – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico; (b) to study comparatively the actions and regulations implemented on connectivity matters by the governments of each country to face the pandemic; and (c) to provide insights in relation with telecommunications policies in the context of pandemic emergence at a regional level. To that end, this study will consider legal regulations and specific public policies in this field, official documents from the public and private sectors, and statistics on ICT access and usage in the region.

Implications of Personality Change at Work for Research and Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Chia-Huei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Personality Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Practical Implications

The final chapter brings together the literature reviewed in this book to highlight key implications of personality change for future research and practice. First, it identifies unresolved debates and under-studied areas in personality change and provide suggestions for future research. Then, it discusses methodological issues in studying personality change, providing a brief overview about the existing and future approaches for continuing research in this area. Finally, it addresses the practical implications for the society, organisations, as well as employees themselves. By doing so, it is hoped that individuals, leaders and the public in general can take on board the dynamic perspective toward personality and identify ways to change personalities for the better.

scholarly journals PROGRAMA CIÊNCIA SEM FRONTEIRAS: um retrospecto da política de estímulo à ciência, tecnologia e inovação

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Cristina Camila Teles Saldanha ◽  
Letícia Miguel Fontoura de Oliveira ◽  
Victor Barros Aburachid ◽  
André Dell’Isola Denardi
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Science Without Borders ◽  
Program Science

Este estudo busca compreender de maneira retrospectiva como ocorreu o ciclo do programa Ciência sem Fronteiras (CsF) ao considerá-lo uma política pública intersetorial. Para tal, tem como objetivo: descrever a intersetorialidade do CsF enquanto uma política de estímulo à ciência, tecnologia e inovação, uma política educacional e uma política de redução de desigualdades; investigar a formulação, a organização e a gestão do CsF; e verificar como foi a implementação do programa. A partir do estudo de caso do CsF, realiza uma revisão da literatura de políticas públicas, além da apuração de trabalhos empíricos, de informações governamentais e da repercussão midiática sobre o programa. Conclui que embora o programa tenha tido falhas, o seu fim representou um retrocesso no desenvolvimento brasileiro pelo regresso ao incentivo à inovação e por retirar as oportunidades de inclusão social. Palavras-chave: Programa Ciência Sem Fronteiras. Políticas Públicas.  Intersetorialidade.SCIENCE WITHOUT BORDERS PROGRAM: a retrospect of the politics of stimulus to science, technology and innovationAbstractThis study sought to understand retrospectively how the cycle of the program Science Without Border (CsF) took place, by analyzing it as an intersectoral public policy. To do so, it set as goals: to describe the intersectoriality of the program as a stimulus to science, technology and innovation policy, as an educational policy, and as a reduction of social inequalities; to investigate the formulation, organization and management of the program; and to observe the process of implementation.From a case study of the CsF, a review of the public policies literature was made, as well as a canvass of empiric surveys, governmental information and media repercussion about the program. The conclusion was, besides the program’s flaws, its abrupt end represented a kickback to the Brazilian development, due to the withdrawal of the incentivesto innovation and opportunities of social inclusion.Keywords: Science Without Borders program. Public policies. Intersectoriality.

Concluding Remarks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Crime Problem ◽  
Illegal Markets ◽  
Broad Policy ◽  
Shed Light

This chapter summarizes the central arguments developed in this book and sets the agenda for future research. By undertaking an ambitious comparative analysis, this book has shed light on understudied topics that underlie the crime problem in Latin America: the enduring stability of criminality in the region, the ineffectiveness of government actions to fight crime, and the mechanism of contagion and spillover. It explains how domestic and international actors driven by profits have turned crime into a “business,” contributing to vibrant illegal markets. This concluding chapter summarizes eleven central findings, identifies four major implications of these findings, and it offers fourteen broad policy guidelines to face the growing crime and violence challenges in the region.

A Comparative Analysis of E-Government in Latin America

2011 ◽  
pp. 158-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Curtin ◽  
Christopher Walker
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Composite Scores

This chapter introduces the United Nations global e-government readiness reports, for which we serve as primary researchers, with particular focus on Latin America. The UN reports provide useful composite scores and rankings on 191 countries worldwide with respect to e-government, e-readiness, and e-participation, as well as highlighting best practices that have been identified throughout the world. In particular, the UN reports provide meaningful insights into the development of e-government in Latin America—facilitating comparative analysis between regions, as well as country comparisons within Latin America.Basing itself on the UN report, the chapter provides a comparative analysis of e-government in Latin America—both intra- and interregional comparisons—with the main objective of elevating e-government literature to a more quantitatively rigorous and sophisticated level. This chapter aims at introducing the UN report, outlining its main findings, and reporting how Latin America compares with the world in e-government readiness and development. It first outlines the background of the UN report, followed by the research methodology. Then it discusses the findings relevant to Latin America, with a brief conclusion on topics for future research and discussion.

Conclusion: food charity in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-242
Author(s):  
Hannah Lambie-Mumford ◽  
Tiina Silvasti
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
The Social ◽  
Food Charity ◽  
Research And Policy

This final chapter provides a comparative analysis of several key themes across the case studies. These are: the nature and scale of food charity in Europe; relationships between changes in welfare provision and the growth of food charity and the shifting role of charity more generally across the cases; the role of food supply in shaping food charity; and the social justice implications of changing welfare states and the growth of food charity. The chapter ends by setting out the implications of this evidence base for future research and policy analysis.

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