Energy Transitions and Environmental Protection: Environmental Impact of the Oil and Gas Production Activities in South Sudan

The question of structure of the Earth is stated. Minerals and their use are described. Information on the history and basics of mining, methods of mining, extraction of solid minerals, blasting technology, oil and gas production is presented. The issues of development of mining science and mining education, environmental protection during mining operations are considered. Mining themes in painting and art are reflected. An overview of the main directions of mining development in the XXI century is given. For the mass reader, especially young people who choose mining professions.

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Environmental Vulnerability in Pre-Salt Oil and Gas Operations

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14030732 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 732

Author(s):

Tatiana Farane Mein ◽

André Luiz Veiga Gimenes ◽

Eduardo Mario Dias ◽

Maria Lídia Rebello Pinho Dias Scoton ◽

Miguel Edgar Morales Udaeta

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impact ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Vulnerability Index ◽

Gas Production ◽

Gas Extraction ◽

Oil And Gas Production ◽

Environmental Vulnerability ◽

Production Stages ◽

Oil And Gas Operations

The objective of this work is to analyze disturbances in the environment caused by anthropic activities in the oil and gas extraction sector. Methodologically, focusing on environmental vulnerability (EV), hydrocarbons (oil and gas) are considered through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of environmental impacts, including the research of Environmental Impact Studies and procedures like EIA/RIMA (institutional Environmental Impact Reports in Brazil). This study focuses on the operation and demobilization of the offshore drilling activity and the installation and operation of the Santos Basin pre-salt oil and gas production (Stages 1, 2, and 3). The criteria addressed in the EIA/RIMAs are used, focusing on those that correlate with EV and oil and gas extraction. Impacts for long-term, permanent, partially reversible, or irreversible disturbances are filtered, totaling 53 impacts (31 effective/21 potential). We concluded that the criteria and methodologies of EIAs vary between stages. At times, the variation is so drastic that the same impact can have a completely different rating from one stage to another, despite referring to the same area. This condition makes it impossible to define a single vulnerability index for the pre-salt venture. This work does not offer a concrete resolution, but exposes the EV issue and its inconsistencies.

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Produced water management - A mathematical model to trade-off economic cost and environmental impact for infrastructure utilisation

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-20912 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Afrah AlEdan ◽

Tohid Erfani

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Mathematical Model ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Produced Water ◽

Economic Cost ◽

Gas Production ◽

Mixed Integer ◽

Oil And Gas Production ◽

High Level

This research provides an overview on several areas related to produced water management including cost, treatment methods, recycling options and environmental impact. Produced water is a type of water that has been trapped in different quantities in underground formations. After extracting crude oil and during the production process, the associated water from underground formations is known as produced water. This type of water is by far the largest volume by product or waste stream associated with oil and gas production. It is likely containing high level of total dissolved solids because of its longer residence time under the ground in addition to the smaller &#64258;ow rate. Moreover, many efforts have been paid globally to decrease the high salinity level in produced water by applying desalination technologies as sustainable water management solution.Oilfield water management is one of the most challenging system and it follows a non-linear relationship between its components. We formulate and develop a mixed-integer mathematical model to a small case study related to Kuwait Oil Company for an optimal design and operations of produced water management. We show how the results allow studying the economic cost as well as environmental impact related to produced water management system.&#160;&#160;

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Environmental Impact of Over-Regulation

Engineering Technology Conference on Energy, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/etce2002/ee-29140 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Dean Hargis

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impact ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Gas Production ◽

Management Service ◽

Oil And Gas Development ◽

Oil And Gas Production ◽

Global Impacts ◽

Oil And Gas Resources

Consideration of a global viewpoint in modern impact analyses suggests that we should favor the efficient use of available infrastructure over the wasteful development of new infrastructure when comparable volumes of oil and gas production are concerned. This global benefit of efficient development is overlooked in traditional environmental impact analyses that typically focus on local concerns within a narrow geographic range. This traditional approach, which is common in more affluent developed countries, may actually contribute to increased global impacts by establishing stringent regulatory regimes discouraging development that would allow the efficient long-term use of that infrastructure. This disregard for global efficiencies favors development in underdeveloped countries where economic development goals may overshadow local concerns for environmental protection. This paper is based upon the results of a study of onshore industrial infrastructure capacity in Central California sponsored by the U.S. Minerals Management Service. This study evaluates the oil and gas production potential of offshore leases that could be accommodated by existing infrastructure and a balanced program of facility replacement. Though these oil and gas resources were originally identified over ten years ago, local environmental policies have delayed their development. An example of oil and gas production activities in other parts of the world that provide energy supplies equivalent to this unrealized potential is described along with an overview of selected environmental characteristics. This paper concludes that environmental review procedures addressing oil and gas development should include consideration of global implications of locally restrictive approval policies.

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Issues in Energy Vulnerability Assessment: Looking for a Sustainable Choice of Natural Resource for Power Generation

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/wef-06929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Tatiana Farane Mein ◽

André Luiz Veiga Gimenes ◽

Miguel Edgar Morales Udaeta ◽

Eduardo Mario Dias ◽

Stefania Gomes Relva

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Vulnerability Index ◽

Gas Production ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽

Offshore Drilling ◽

Oil And Gas Production

The objective of this work is to analyze, through environmental vulnerability (EV), disturbances in the environment caused by anthropic activities for the production of energy resources, focusing on the power generation sector. Methodologically, hydrocarbons (oil and gas) and solar are considered through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of environmental impacts, including the research in Environmental Impact Studies and procedures like EIA/RIMA (institutional Environmental Impact Reports in Brazil). This study focuses on operation and demobilization of offshore drilling activity, and installation and operation of the Santos Basin pre-salt oil and gas production and disposal activity Stages 1, 2, and 3. The criteria addressed in the EIA/RIMAs are used, focusing on those that correlate with EV and the production of electricity. Impacts for long-term, permanent, partially reversible, or irreversible disturbances are filtered, totaling 53 impacts (31 effective/21 potential). We concluded that the criteria and methodologies of EIAs vary between stages. At times, the variation is so drastic that the same impact can have a completely different rating from one stage to another, despite referring to the same area. This condition makes it impossible to define a single vulnerability index for the pre-salt venture. For a final analysis, we propose a cleaner energy production through distributed photovoltaic systems as a more adequate alternative for São Paulo’s energy supply in terms of its impact on EV.

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