scholarly journals Working with Shame and Trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-232
Author(s):  
Gail Theisen-Womersley
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptomatology

AbstractNot only does the literature attest to the high levels of trauma among displaced populations, research in the past decade has increasingly revealed the hidden yet pervasive role that shame may play in posttraumatic symptomatology. As defined by Wilson and colleagues, “in the posttraumatic self, shame develops from traumatic experiences that render the victim fearful, powerless, helpless, and unable to act congruently with moral values” (Wilson et al., 2006, p. 127). In the context of forced migration in particular, both trauma and shame are ubiquitous, pervasive, and contagious.

Macedonia Faculties’ Students - “Chrisi Avgi” (Right Party) Followers’ Critique on the Greek Educational Policy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalerante Evagelia
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
History Books

AbstractThe present paper is involved with the Pedagogical faculties’ students’ critique on the current educational system as it has been altered after 1981. The research was carried out utilizing both quantitative and qualitative tools. Students-voters participated in the interviews whereas active voters were difficult to be located to meet the research requirements. The dynamics of the specific political party is based on a popular profile in terms of standpoints related to economic, social and political issues. The research findings depict the students’ strong wish for a change of the curricula and a turn towards History and Religion as well as an elevation of the Greek historic events, as the History books that have been written and taught at schools over the past years contributed to the downgrading of the Greek national and cultural identity. There is also a students’ strong belief that globalization and the immigrants’ presence in Greece have functioned in a negative way against the Greek ideal. Therefore, an overall change of the educational content could open the path towards the reconstruction of the moral values and the Greek national identity.

The United Nations and the homecoming of displaced populations

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (301) ◽  
pp. 340-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Allen
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
International Border

According to UNHCR figures, in 1970 there were 2.5 million refugees in the world. In 1980, the figure was 11 million. By the early 1990s, the alarming spread of civil wars was prompting an average of 10,000 people a day to flee across an international border. In 1993, the estimated number of refugees had risen to 18.2 million. In addition there were at least 24 million people who been forcibly displaced within their own countries (UNHCR, 1993:1). In 1994, the situation has deteriorated further, particularly in Africa. In the past few weeks, well over a million refugees have fled the fighting in Rwanda.

scholarly journals Rola języka w uwalnianiu się z dziedzicznych traum

Politeja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2(65)) ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcol
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The Role of Language in Releasing from Inherited Traumas. Negotiations of the Social Position of the Silesian Minority in Serbian Banat The aim of the paper is to show the dependence between language, collective memory (also post-memory) and sense of identity. This issue is analysed using the example of an ethnic minority living in the village of Ostojićevo (Banat, Serbia) called ‘Toutowie.’ Their ancestors came in the 19th century from Wisła (Silesian Cieszyn, Poland); they left their homes because of great hunger and were looking for jobs in Banat. Narratives about the past contain traumatic experiences of the past generations transmitted in the Silesian dialect and constituting communicative memory. At the same time, a new Polish national identity is being constructed, supported by institutions and authorities; it carries a new image of the world and creates a new cultural memory. This new identity – shaped on the basis of national categories – leads to changes of its self-identification and gives the opportunity to raise its social position in the multi-ethnic Banat community.

scholarly journals The language of wounds and scars in Edwige Danticat's "The Dew Breaker" : a case in trauma symptoms and the recovery process

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Ibarrola-Armendáriz
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
American Writer ◽  
The Past ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Haitian American ◽  
To Come

This article examines the representation of a violent and traumatizing past in Edwidge Danticat’s The Dew Breaker (2004), a collection of short stories that depicts the effects of a torturer’s atrocious crimes on the lives of his victims and their descendants. The contribution argues that this work of fiction by the Haitian-American writer is structured upon the principle that traumatic experiences can only become intelligible – and, therefore, “representable” – by considering the severe psychical wounds and scars they leave on the victims. These scars habitually take the form of paranoia, nightmares, ghostly presences, schizophrenia, and “dead spots” that have a very difficult time finding their place in the protagonists’ consciousness and language. In spite of the fragmented and discontinuous character of these representations, the writer manages to unveil the kind of psychological and social dysfunctions that often surface when people have not fully accepted or assimilated aspects of the past that keep itching in their unconscious. However, despite the prevailingly bleak tone of the stories, Danticat still leaves some room for hope and recovery, as many of the victims find ways to come to terms with and overcome those individual and collective dysfunctions.

Dissociative fugue of the patient of maternity ward - A case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
M. Załuska ◽  
R. Żurko ◽  
M. Kuroń ◽  
G. Jakiel ◽  
A. Dudel
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Past History ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Maternity Ward ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
The Past ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Conscious Control

IntroductionMothers after childbearing are vulnerable to many stress related disorders.Objectiveto emphasize the role of the past obstetric complications, as so present infant pathology as risk factors for the mother's post partum stress related disorders.MethodsThe case analysis.Case descriptionThe thirty-year-old, women left the maternity ward with her baby unnoticed on the fourth day after giving birth. She was referred to psychiatry ward, after finding her by the police. In the past history the patient had spontaneous miscarriage in the first pregnancy. She has waited with her husband 6 years long for the next baby. The second pregnancy was at risk, the labor was premature and the infant has palatoschisis. The mother had difficulties with feeding. She feared about baby's life, and had feeling of being neglected by the staff. In psychiatry ward she did not reveal any symptoms of mental illness. She was interested in her child, however the period of the flight was covered with memory gap. The predominance of immature defense mechanisms, as so mild cognitive dysfunctions were revealed in psychological testing. The dissociative fugue was diagnosed. The patient was discharged without any medication to ambulatory psychotherapy.CommentaryThe interaction of past and present traumatic experiences in the patient with cognitive dysfunctions and immature defense mechanisms could impair ability of post-partum coping with fear about the child and consequently led to the loss of conscious control over the memory. Early diagnosing and supporting problematic patients of the maternity ward is needed.

The Future of Refugee Flows and Policies

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1112-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemarie Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
International Environment ◽  
Willingness To Intervene ◽  
International Climate

The number of forced migrants—recognized refugees, persons in “refugeelike” situations, and internally displaced—is estimated today to exceed 40 million. The changed international climate of the 1990s (a renewed emphasis on human rights; broader concepts of national security; and the profound political changes in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union) has shifted the focus from the asylum and resettlement countries to the countries of origin: there is today a greater willingness to intervene in other countries’ affairs either to avert the creation of new flows of focused migrants or to assist internally displaced populations, and there is the expectation of large-scale voluntary returns of refugees in asylum. This article discusses these and other policy issues concerning forced migration in this new international environment.

Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Adolescents with PTSD Therapist Guide

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna B. Foa ◽  
Kelly R. Chrestman ◽  
Eva Gilboa-Schechtman
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Treatment Termination ◽  
Witnessing Violence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment Information ◽  
Prolonged Exposure Therapy ◽  
Trauma Type

Traumatic events, including sexual abuse, experiencing or witnessing violence, and natural disasters, are common among adolescents, and this online therapist guide presents a proven treatment for PTSD that has been adapted for the adolescent population. It applies the principles of Prolonged Exposure (PE) to help adolescents emotionally process their traumatic experiences and follows a four-phase treatment where the patients complete each module at their own rate of progress. It includes modules on motivational interviewing, case management, the rationale for treatment, information-gathering about the trauma, common reactions to trauma, and explains that by systematically confronting situations associated with the trauma, adolescents can overcome avoidance and fear. It covers how memory of the traumatic event can help distinguish the past from the present and promote feelings of mastery, and also includes modules on relapse prevention and treatment termination. It covers the importance of the adolescent's age and developmental level while in therapy, and includes developmentally appropriate materials and guidance on tailoring the treatment to each client's unique situation, including trauma type and family structure.

scholarly journals Forced Displacement and Refugees

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-440
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
The World

Forced migration has come to be the defining feature of the contemporary Middle East, a region that is both the source of and host to some of the largest forcibly displaced populations in the world. In 2015, 65 percent of the world's 19.4 million refugees—including the 5.5 million Palestinian refugees—as well as 30 percent of the world's thirty-eight million internally displaced persons were in the Middle East, while one out of every four refugees worldwide was from Syria. Seeking security and stability, millions of people from the region are on the move within and across social spaces that are at once strange and familiar, and in which they themselves are familiar and strange to others. In 2015, Turkey became host to the world's largest refugee population of over two million, while Zaʿatari camp in Jordan has grown rapidly to become one of the world's largest camps since the Syrian civil war began. With 7.6 million people—or 35 percent of the population—internally displaced, Syria now has the highest number of internally displaced persons in the world. Iraq has produced multiple overlapping displacements, resulting in one of the largest refugee resettlement programs of the past decade. Thousands of Syrians, Libyans, and Iraqis have undertaken perilous journeys across the Mediterranean Sea to seek asylum in Europe and elsewhere. Palestinian refugees are now in a fourth generation of exile, making their plight the longest running unresolved refugee situation in the world.

scholarly journals Między traumą a reifikacją, czyli o estetyzacji reprezentacji przeszłości i schematach pamięci społecznej

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kajfosz
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Symbolic Systems ◽  
Social Memories ◽  
The Impact

Between Trauma and Reification, or on Aestheticization of Representations of the Past and on Patterns of Social MemoryThis paper attempts to answer two questions: first, how aestheticization and mediatization of representations of the past affects the possibility of their transmission between milieus distinguished by incompatible social memories, identifications or value and symbolic systems; second, how aestheticization of narratives of the past can affect the ability of their recipients to distinguish between individuals and collectives. The key concept is the degree of reification of collectives and the impact of such reification on the possibility to communicate representations of traumatic experiences of individuals. The author focuses on some feature films and analyses their ability to promote or inhibit dehumanization of individuals. Między traumą a reifikacją, czyli o estetyzacji reprezentacji przeszłości i schematach pamięci społecznejCelem artykułu jest odpowiedzieć na dwa pytania: po pierwsze, w jaki sposób estetyzacja i mediatyzacja reprezentacji przeszłości rzutuje na możliwości ich transmisji między środowiskami społecznymi, które  odznaczają się niewspółmiernymi pamięciami społecznymi, tożsamościami zbiorowymi, systemami wartości i systemami symbolicznymi. Po drugie, w jaki sposób estetyzacja opowieści o przeszłości może oddziaływać na zdolność jej odbiorców do rozróżniania między jednostkami i zbiorowościami. Kluczową kategorią, wokół której osnuta jest zawierająca się w tekście argumentacja, jest przerost (hipertrofia) urzeczowienia z poziomu spontaniczności do poziomu refleksyjności, czyli z poziomu postaw przed-teoretycznych do poziomu postaw teoretycznych. Autor koncentruje się na kwestii uzależnienia społecznego przyzwolenia na publiczne ujawnianie przez ofiary przemocy swych traumatycznych doświadczeń od społecznien reprodukowanej tendencji do reifikacji zbiorowości. Sięga do przykładu wybranych filmów fabularnych o tematyce historycznej i autobiograficznej, koncentrując się na ich zdolności do lansowania bądź przeciwstawiania się dehumanizacji.

scholarly journals Bittersweet: The Effects of Psychological Trauma in One’s Stages of Life

K ta Kita ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Celia Asallie
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Past

The project is about the development of a screenplay which explores the psychological problem of the main character. The creative work revolves around the traumatic experiences that result in the main character’s insecurity. The story shows how the main character, Jieun, is haunted by the pressure she used to have when she was a kid, causing her to feel insecure when she finally turns into an adult. The theory used for this creative work is Erik Erikson’s theory of Psychological Stages of Development which tells about how something that happened in the past could affect things that are happening in the present. The theory helps the writer achieve the result of the creative work, making the creative work have distinct characteristic. Because of her insecurity, Jieun fails in fulfilling her need to build a relationship. Finally, she regains her feeling of security as she goes back to and connect with her family.

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