Imaging Approach to Otorrhea

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Geoiphy George Pulickal
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Approach

An easy and low-cost biomagnetic methodology to study regional gastrointestinal transit in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pinto ◽  
Guilherme Soares ◽  
André Próspero ◽  
Erick Stoppa ◽  
Gabriel Biasotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Alternate Current ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Magnetic Tracer ◽  
Tracer Distribution ◽  
Gi Transit

Abstract The identification of gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders requires the evaluation of regional GI transit, and the development of alternative methodologies in animals has a significant impact on translational approaches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to validate an easy and low-cost methodology (alternate current biosusceptometry – ACB) for the assessment of regional GI transit in rats through images. Rats were fed a test meal containing magnetic tracer and phenol red, and GI segments (stomach, proximal, medial and distal small intestine, and cecum) were collected to assess tracer’s retention at distinct times after ingestion (0, 60, 120, 240, and 360 min). Images were obtained by scanning the segments, and phenol red concentration was determined by the sample’s absorbance. The temporal retention profile, geometric center, gastric emptying, and cecum arrival were evaluated. The correlation coefficient between methods was 0.802, and the temporal retention of each segment was successfully assessed. GI parameters yielded comparable results between methods, and ACB images presented advantages as the possibility to visualize intrasegmental tracer distribution and the automated scan of the segments. The imaging approach provided a reliable assessment of several parameters simultaneously and may serve as an accurate and sensitive approach for regional GI research in rats.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the selection of chest imaging modalities and reporting systems: a survey of Italian radiologists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Borghesi ◽  
Nicola Sverzellati ◽  
Roberta Polverosi ◽  
Maurizio Balbi ◽  
Elisa Baratella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Narrative Report ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Purpose Chest imaging modalities play a key role for the management of patient with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Unfortunately, there is no consensus on the optimal chest imaging approach in the evaluation of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, and radiology departments tend to use different approaches. Thus, the main objective of this survey was to assess how chest imaging modalities have been used during the different phases of the first COVID-19 wave in Italy, and which diagnostic technique and reporting system would have been preferred based on the experience gained during the pandemic. Material and Methods The questionnaire of the survey consisted of 26 questions. The link to participate in the survey was sent to all members of the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM). Results The survey gathered responses from 716 SIRM members. The most notable result was that the most used and preferred chest imaging modality to assess/exclude/monitor COVID-19 pneumonia during the different phases of the first COVID-19 wave was computed tomography (51.8% to 77.1% of participants). Additionally, while the narrative report was the most used reporting system (55.6% of respondents), one-third of participants would have preferred to utilize structured reporting systems. Conclusion This survey shows that the participants’ responses did not properly align with the imaging guidelines for managing COVID-19 that have been made by several scientific, including SIRM. Therefore, there is a need for continuing education to keep radiologists up to date and aware of the advantages and limitations of the chest imaging modalities and reporting systems.

Mechanical defects diagnosis for gas insulated switchgear using acoustic imaging approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 107784
Author(s):  
Qing Xiong ◽  
Jinfei Zhao ◽  
Ziqing Guo ◽  
Xianyong Feng ◽  
Hanchao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Gas Insulated Switchgear ◽  
Imaging Approach

scholarly journals Nanostructure-specific X-ray tomography reveals myelin levels, integrity and axon orientations in mouse and human nervous tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Georgiadis ◽  
Aileen Schroeter ◽  
Zirui Gao ◽  
Manuel Guizar-Sicairos ◽  
Marianne Liebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tensor Tomography ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Mri Measurements

AbstractMyelin insulates neuronal axons and enables fast signal transmission, constituting a key component of brain development, aging and disease. Yet, myelin-specific imaging of macroscopic samples remains a challenge. Here, we exploit myelin’s nanostructural periodicity, and use small-angle X-ray scattering tensor tomography (SAXS-TT) to simultaneously quantify myelin levels, nanostructural integrity and axon orientations in nervous tissue. Proof-of-principle is demonstrated in whole mouse brain, mouse spinal cord and human white and gray matter samples. Outcomes are validated by 2D/3D histology and compared to MRI measurements sensitive to myelin and axon orientations. Specificity to nanostructure is exemplified by concomitantly imaging different myelin types with distinct periodicities. Finally, we illustrate the method’s sensitivity towards myelin-related diseases by quantifying myelin alterations in dysmyelinated mouse brain. This non-destructive, stain-free molecular imaging approach enables quantitative studies of myelination within and across samples during development, aging, disease and treatment, and is applicable to other ordered biomolecules or nanostructures.

scholarly journals Lifestyle of sponge symbiont phages by host prediction and correlative microscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Jahn ◽  
T. Lachnit ◽  
S. M. Markert ◽  
C. Stigloher ◽  
L. Pita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Bacterial Symbionts ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Phage Ecology ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Animal Hosts ◽  
Viral Distribution

AbstractBacteriophages (phages) are ubiquitous elements in nature, but their ecology and role in animals remains little understood. Sponges represent the oldest known extant animal-microbe symbiosis and are associated with dense and diverse microbial consortia. Here we investigate the tripartite interaction between phages, bacterial symbionts, and the sponge host. We combined imaging and bioinformatics to tackle important questions on who the phage hosts are and what the replication mode and spatial distribution within the animal is. This approach led to the discovery of distinct phage-microbe infection networks in sponge versus seawater microbiomes. A new correlative in situ imaging approach (‘PhageFISH-CLEM‘) localised phages within bacterial symbiont cells, but also within phagocytotically active sponge cells. We postulate that the phagocytosis of free virions by sponge cells modulates phage-bacteria ratios and ultimately controls infection dynamics. Prediction of phage replication strategies indicated a distinct pattern, where lysogeny dominates the sponge microbiome, likely fostered by sponge host-mediated virion clearance, while lysis dominates in seawater. Collectively, this work provides new insights into phage ecology within sponges, highlighting the importance of tripartite animal-phage-bacterium interplay in holobiont functioning. We anticipate that our imaging approach will be instrumental to further understanding of viral distribution and cellular association in animal hosts.

scholarly journals Visualising Silicon in Plants: Histochemistry, Silica Sculptures and Elemental Imaging

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gea Guerriero ◽  
Ian Stokes ◽  
Nathalie Valle ◽  
Jean-Francois Hausman ◽  
Christopher Exley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Plant Vigour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
General Improvement

Silicon is a non-essential element for plants and is available in biota as silicic acid. Its presence has been associated with a general improvement of plant vigour and response to exogenous stresses. Plants accumulate silicon in their tissues as amorphous silica and cell walls are preferential sites. While several papers have been published on the mitigatory effects that silicon has on plants under stress, there has been less research on imaging silicon in plant tissues. Imaging offers important complementary results to molecular data, since it provides spatial information. Herein, the focus is on histochemistry coupled to optical microscopy, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy of microwave acid extracted plant silica, techniques based on particle-induced X-ray emission, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and mass spectrometry imaging (NanoSIMS). Sample preparation procedures will not be discussed in detail, as several reviews have already treated this subject extensively. We focus instead on the information that each technique provides by offering, for each imaging approach, examples from both silicifiers (giant horsetail and rice) and non-accumulators (Cannabis sativa L.).

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