scholarly journals Climate Change in the Attention Arena of the Middle Class

2022 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Hans von Storch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The World

AbstractGood intentions by the middle class are not always well guided and do not always lead to measurable or significant results. For example, efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions may hold broad appeal but can still have negligible impact. Therefore, it is suggested to embark on “Apollo projects”, which bundle the potential and willingness of the middle class. These projects should focus on the development of specific technologies, with economic advantages to support their spread throughout the world. Doing so will harness the middle class in support of greenhouse gas emission reductions in the gigaton-range. Such pan-national projects, for example, could address emission-free ship- or air-propulsion, the electrification of heating or of processes in the chemical industry.

scholarly journals Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Ukrainian Involvement in the Global Ecological Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Natalia Vasylieva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Enteric Fermentation ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Basic Source

Greenhouse gas emission is a global ecological challenge since it affects climate change and complicates providing food security. Each country ought to care about mitigating Greenhouse gas emissions including CH4 and N2O originated from agriculture. In this context, first, the performed research focused on Ukrainian ranking among the world Greenhouse gas emitters offering a multi-criteria evaluation of total Greenhouse gas quantities in CO2 equivalent, those ones per capita and per km2 of countries’ land territories. These indictors were also applied to visual comparing involvement of Ukrainian economy and its agriculture in the international Greenhouse gas emissions. Second, to explore agricultural Greenhouse gas emission at the domestic level we studied regional contributions by basic source categories such as enteric fermentation, manure management, and synthetic fertilizers. The proposed horizontal and vertical analyses allow clarifying regional management priorities in reducing Greenhouse gas emissions. Third, for this purpose the conducted investigation specified the EU Member States which match Ukrainian condition by shares of Greenhouse gas emissions and outputs in animal and crop sectors. The found patterns will be the most reliable vectors of adopting effective agricultural practices beneficial for the environment protection and mitigating influence over climate change.

scholarly journals Study to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at waste landfill in Medan City

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
I Suryati ◽  
A Farindah ◽  
I Indrawan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Effort Reduction

Abstract Landfill is a place where waste reaches the final stage. The piles of waste can generate greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming the potential of climate change. The greenhouse gas emission generates from the piles of waste is CH4 emission. The research purpose is to count CH4 emission in the waste landfill in Medan city located in Terjun, projection CH4 emission for ten years later is 2020-2029 and decisive the effort reduction of CH4 emission. The scenarios of reducing CH4 emission in Terjun waste landfill reduce the potential CH4 emission for ten years later. The calculation of CH4 emission from the piles of waste in Terjun waste landfill using FOD method (First Orde Decay) by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) in 2006. In 2019, CH4 emission in Terjun waste landfill was 12,350.750-ton CH4 and had an uplift in 2029 can reach 17,143.087-ton CH4. There are two scenarios for reducing CH4 emission in the Terjun waste landfill; the first is the processing of waste in the source (composting), and the second is reducing the waste by using incineration technology Terjun landfill. The first scenario (composting) can reduce CH4 emission by 14.80%. The second scenario can reduce by 63.37% the CH4 emission in Terjun waste landfill. The chosen alternative scenario for reducing CH4 in the Terjun waste landfill is the first scenario, the processing of waste in the source (composting).

scholarly journals Virtual Fieldtrips and Climate Change Education for Tourism Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schott
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Climate Change Education ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Educational Travel ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many

<p><b>Abstract </b></p> <p>While the pedagogical benefits of fieldtrips have long been recognised our ever increasing understanding of the impacts of flying on climate change is presenting educators with a poignant dilemma; the many benefits long associated with international fieldtrips are at odds with the world community’s needs in limiting/halting climatic change. In response, the paper presents the concept of a VR-based virtual fieldtrip as an innovative and carbon-sensitive type of (educational) travel. The paper not only makes the case for virtual fieldtrips as a meaningful learning tool but also explores both the virtual fieldtrip’s impact on Greenhouse Gas emissions and climate change-related learning. On both accounts the initial findings in this paper are very encouraging. More in-depth research is now required to not only develop a deeper understanding of the full breadth of benefits, but also of the diverse weaknesses presented by virtual fieldtrips and how to negotiate them.</p>

scholarly journals Perceptions of Food Retailers Regarding Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Ayanda Pamella Deliwe ◽  
Shelley Beryl Beck ◽  
Elroy Eugene Smith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Food Retail ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
The Impact

Objective – This paper sets out to assess perceptions of food retailers regarding climate change, greenhouse gas emission and sustainability in the Nelson Mandela Bay region of South Africa. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the food retailers’ greenhouse gas emissions strategies. Climate change catastrophic potential and the harmful effect that it has had on the community and businesses has led to it being given attention from social media and in literature. Methodology/Technique – This paper covered a literature review that provided the theoretical framework. The empirical study that was carried out included self-administered questionnaires which were distributed to 120 food retailers who were selected from the population using convenience sampling. Findings - The results revealed that most of the respondents were neutral towards the impact of operational factors regarding GHG emission in the food retail sector. Novelty - There is limited research that has been conducted among food retailers from the designated population. The study provided guidelines that will be of assistance to food retailers when dealing with climate change and greenhouse gas emissions impact in the food retail sector. Type of Paper: Empirical. JEL Classification: L66, Q54, Q59. Keywords: Climate Change; Food Retailers; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Perceptions; Strategies; Sustainability Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Deliwe, A.P; Beck, S.B; Smith, E.E. (2021). Perceptions of Food Retailers Regarding Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Journal of Business and Economics Review, 5(4) 26–35. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.5.4(3)

scholarly journals Reducing carbon footprint of inhalers: analysis of climate and clinical implications of different scenarios in five European countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001071
Author(s):  
Daniele Pernigotti ◽  
Carol Stonham ◽  
Sara Panigone ◽  
Federica Sandri ◽  
Rossella Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Scenario Analyses

BackgroundInhaled therapies are key components of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatments. Although the use of pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) accounts for <0.1% of global greenhouse gas emissions, their contribution to global warming has been debated and efforts are underway to reduce the carbon footprint of pMDIs. Our aim was to establish the extent to which different scenarios led to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions associated with inhaler use, and their clinical implications.MethodsWe conducted a series of scenario analyses using asthma and COPD inhaler usage data from 2019 to model carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions reductions over a 10-year period (2020–2030) in the UK, Italy, France, Germany and Spain: switching propellant-driven pMDIs for propellant-free dry-powder inhalers (DPIs)/soft mist inhalers (SMIs); transitioning to low global warming potential (GWP) propellant (hydrofluoroalkane (HFA)-152a) pMDIs; reducing short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) use; and inhaler recycling.ResultsTransition to low-GWP pMDIs and forced switching to DPI/SMIs (excluding SABA inhalers) would reduce annual CO2e emissions by 68%–84% and 64%–71%, respectively, but with different clinical implications. Emission reductions would be greatest (82%–89%) with transition of both maintenance and SABA inhalers to low-GWP propellant. Only minimising SABA inhaler use would reduce CO2e emissions by 17%–48%. Although significant greenhouse gas emission reductions would be achieved with high rates of end-of-life recycling (81%–87% of the inhalers), transition to a low-GWP propellant would still result in greater reductions.ConclusionsWhile the absolute contribution of pMDIs to global warming is very small, substantial reductions in the carbon footprint of pMDIs can be achieved with transition to low-GWP propellant (HFA-152a) inhalers. This approach outperforms the substitution of pMDIs with DPI/SMIs while preserving patient access and choice, which are essential for optimising treatment and outcomes. These findings require confirmation in independent studies.

scholarly journals Are reported greenhouse gas emissions influencing corporate financial performance?

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-606
Author(s):  
Elena-Mirela Nichita ◽  
◽  
Elena Nechita ◽  
Cristina-Lidia Manea ◽  
Alina Mihaela Irimescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Return On Sales

Research Question: This paper aims to analyse the impact of reported greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on financial performance of companies operating in the chemical industry from Central-Eastern Europe over the period 2015-2019. Motivation: Currently, the climate change and global warming have become highly topical due to their progressively visible destructive effects worldwide on the environment, society, and economic activity. Idea: To offer the suitable information to all its stakeholders, each company should identify the necessary information, measure it, make it useful, and take reasonable steps to ensure that it’s accurate; our research investigates the effect of reported greenhouse gas emissions on return on sales, as a measure of business performance. Data: The paper is based on panel data extracted from non-financial and/or annual reports for the top 10 largest companies operating in the chemical industry geographically located in Central-Eastern Europe covering the time frame 2015-2019. The final sample consists of 34 firms and 134 firm-year observations. Tools: A multiple linear regression model was designed and applied, having return on sales as the dependent variable and GHG emissions as the independent variable. Findings: The findings of our study confirm that a lower level of GHG emissions will generate an increase in return on sales, consequently, the environmental performance reported in terms of controlling for GHG emissions enhances the financial performance measured as return on sales ratio. Contribution: The paper contributes to the literature on climate change, revealing a negative, but significant effect of GHG emissions on financial performance and endorsing that companies which today pay less attention to this global concern, tomorrow will face difficulties in terms of sales.

A new national research programme on greenhouse gas emissions from lowland peat meadows in The Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Erkens ◽  
Jim Boonman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
National Research Programme

&lt;p&gt;Following the Paris Agreement (2015) that aims to limit climate warming, the Dutch government presented a National Climate Agreement. The National Climate Agreement allocates the overall ambition of reducing the national greenhouse gas emission by 49% in 2030 (compared to 1990) to different sectors, such as industry, mobility or agriculture and land use. Within the latter sector, the peat meadow areas currently contribute ~4.6 to 7 Mton per year of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; to the national greenhouse gas emission. In the National Climate Agreement, the aim is to reduce the net CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emission from the peat meadow areas with 1 Mton per year by 2030. &amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The peat meadows of the Netherlands are drained peatlands for dairy farming. Drainage of peatlands causes land subsidence, and as a result of peat oxidation, greenhouse gas emissions (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O). Critical factors that determine the level of greenhouse gas emissions from the peat meadows are amongst others the groundwater level, peat thickness, macrofossil composition, mineral cover-soil thickness, the level of fertiliser addition. In the National Climate Agreement, the main focus is on raising groundwater levels in the peat meadow area to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and subsidence. This can be either passively achieved by raising the ditch water levels, surface irrigation, reducing transpiration losses or actively by using submerged drainage systems that drain in winter, but infiltrate water in summer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It is now time to produce regional spatial plans that comprise a compilation of measures that raise groundwater levels enough to reduce the greenhouse emissions with 1 Mton per year by 2030. To do so, it is imperative that the exact effects of the proposed measures on greenhouse gas emissions and subsidence are known, under different environmental conditions. In ongoing and previously executed studies, results so far show mixed outcomes. Therefore, a national research programme commenced autumn 2019, in which the greenhouse gas emission and subsidence is continuously measured in five field sites. The programme focusses on the effects of submerged drainage/irrigation on emissions in the first 2 growing seasons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The consortium in charge of the national research programme consists of parties in the Netherlands that have ample experience in measuring greenhouse emission and subsidence. Each of the five field sites consists of one measurement plot in an area where the groundwater level is raised and one reference plot where the groundwater level dynamics remained the same. A measurement plot consists of continuously operating gas analyser chambers that rotate within the plot every two weeks. In two field sites, emissions are also measured using the eddy covariance method. In addition, subsidence is measured with extensometers and spirit levelling. Sensors, both in situ and above ground, provide information on relevant parameters such as soil moisture, soil temperature, oxygen availability, and meteorological parameters. Samples are being extracted from the field sites and tested on microbiological assemblages, and soil (mechanical) parameters. The whole programme is designed to run for at least five years, but first results that support policy development, are supposed to be reported in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Individualized responsibility: 'if climate protection becomes everyone's responsibility, does it end up being no-one's?'

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Kent
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Climate Change Information

Whereas global compacts, such as the Kyoto Protocol, have yet to consolidate action from governments on climate change, there has been increasing emphasis and acknowledgement of the role of individuals (as citizens and consumers) as contributors to climate change and as responsible agents in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Recently, along with the acknowledgement of the threat that anthropogenic climate change presents to the planet, governments and non-government organizations have focused on personal responsibility campaigns targeting individuals and households with a view to stemming the growth of greenhouse gas emissions. The Australian Government, for example, spent $25 million in 2007 on the climate change information campaign targeted to every Australian household, ‘Be Climate Clever: “I can do that”. Such measures centre on “personal, private-sphere ….. behaviour” (Stern 2005: 10786) that focuses on the “choice of goods, services and lifestyles” (WWF-UK 2008: 10) and imply that global greenhouse gas emission reduction targets can be met through the actions of individuals. There is growing concern in some quarters about climate change programs that emphasize individual behaviour change strategies that use “simple and painless steps” (WWF-UK 2008) and “small steps add up” (Accountability and Consumers International 2007) approaches. The emergent fear is that given the urgency of the climate change problem that such approaches will mean important opportunities for citizen-led action will be lost. This paper will explore how notions of individual responsibility have arisen and what the trend towards individualized responsibility may mean for active citizenship on climate change.

scholarly journals Methodological Study on Voluntary Greenhouse Gases Reduction for Shore Power System

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Leilei Liu ◽  
Xu Guo ◽  
Jian Ding ◽  
Hongliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emissions Trading ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction

Voluntary emission reduction of greenhouse gases is conducive to reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fostering a carbon trading market. Voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction methodologies can be used to determine project baselines, demonstrate additionality, calculate emission reductions, and develop monitoring plans. Marine fossil fuel combustion is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions in port. Through the implementation of marine shore power system, it is possible to replace fuel consumption with electricity and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions during berthing. Through the analysis and study on shore power system, the methodology of voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction for shore power system is formed, which is conducive to promoting the participation in carbon emissions trading and promoting the promotion and use of shore power system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document