Migration of Unaccompanied Children: Is the EU Up to the Challenge? A Legal Perspective of the Southern Mediterranean

2022 ◽  
pp. 203-233
Author(s):  
Susana Sanz Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Unaccompanied Children ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals EU AGRICULTURAL INTEGRATED POLICIES: THE CASE OF EU AND MEDITERRANEAN COUNTIES

New Medit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Mohamed Amine Hedoui ◽  
Dimitrios Natos ◽  
Konstadinos Mattas
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Geographical Dispersion ◽  
The Eu

EU agricultural integrated policies among the EU and the southern Mediterranean countries are more evidently distilled through the EU-Mediterranean process (EUROMED). After 10 years of the Agadir agreement entry into force, this paper attempts to assess the agriculture trade integration among countries signed under the agreement, namely Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Jordan, by evaluating firstly the degree of sectorial and geographical dispersion of the four countries agricultural exports and secondly appraising the extent of agricultural trade complementarity towards EU countries. In this study, using the available agricultural trade data for the period 2007-2016 and the twenty-four agricultural sectors classification (CN codes 01-24), we will build three trade indices; Regional Hirschman, Sectorial Hirschman and the Trade Complementarity Index. And, finally, we will discuss the result and highlight the limitation and the challenges that hinder agricultural trade integration among southern and northern Mediterranean countries.

The UK's Withdrawal from the EU

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dougan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Future ◽  
Article 50 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

Following a national referendum on 23 June 2016, the UK announced its intention to end its decades-long membership of the EU. That decision initiated a process of complex negotiations, governed by Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, with a view to making the arrangements required for an ‘orderly Brexit’. This book explores the UK’s departure from the EU from a legal perspective. As well as analysing the various constitutional principles relevant to ‘EU withdrawal law’, and detailing the main issues and problems arising during the Brexit process itself, the book provides a critical analysis of the final EU–UK Withdrawal Agreement—including dedicated chapters on the future protection of citizens’ rights, the border between Ireland and Northern Ireland, and the prospects for future EU–UK relations in fields such as trade and security.

Unaccompanied children in the EU

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-161
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gromek-Broc
Keyword(s):  
Unaccompanied Children ◽  
The Eu

The Ratifications

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-104
Author(s):  
Paul Craig
Keyword(s):  
International Level ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Domestic Law ◽  
Legal Consequences ◽  
The Eu

This chapter assesses the ratification of the Withdrawal Agreement by clarifying the means by which the UK and the EU gave effect to the exit treaty. It begins by looking at the ratification and legal implementation from the UK legal perspective. The UK is a dualist country as regards the relation between treaties and UK law. A treaty may therefore bind the UK at the international level, but will have no effect in UK domestic law unless and until it is ratified and incorporated into UK law via statute. The chapter sets out the foundational principles concerning dualism and explains the process through which the UK implemented the Withdrawal Agreement so as to satisfy the dualist precept. It also considers the interconnection between the EU Withdrawal Act 2018 and the EU Withdrawal Agreement Act 2020. The chapter then examines the ratification and its legal consequences from the EU perspective.

Eine Pflicht zum Finanzausgleich innerhalb der Europäischen Union?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Member States ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Federal Structure

Is the EU obliged to issue financial compensation to its Member States? Is such an obligation stipulated in the EU’s primary treaties, or demanded by its federal structure or by the principle of democracy itself? In this study, after examining the current situation in this respect, the author addresses these questions from a legal perspective especially, while also taking approaches and concepts from political science, finance and economics into account. In doing so, she comes to the conclusion that the EU is actually not obliged to issue such compensation, but that the foundations of its treaties and its federal structure do open up far-reaching opportunities in this regard. Moreover, an ordered and durable system of financial compensation can also prevent the entire system from becoming destabilised if one or several of the EU’s Member States find themselves in severe financial difficulties.

scholarly journals The EU Democratisation of The Southern Neighbours Since the “Arab Spring”: An Inherently Inadequate Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
Naim Mathlouthi
Keyword(s):  
Arab Spring ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
The Eu

This Article draws on the analysis of historical relations between the European Union and the Southern Mediterranean countries and highlights the main initiatives and consequences of the adopted practices of democratisation in the region following the Arab Uprisings. The main focus is on the continuity and limited changes in the new approach. One of the main findings is that the limited reform of the EU approach primarily resulted from the inherited political constraints. The net result was a set of structured security-orientated relationships that will continue to repeat earlier mistakes before 2011. The mechanisms of democracy promotion including conditionality remained inherently full of contradictions. The double standards in applying the conditionality principle  in addition to the lack of significant leverage rendered the EU democratisation approach of the Southern neighbours inapt. Despite the  2011 ENP review promise of a substantial change in the EU democratisation approach, it seems that the EU’s initial euphoria following the “Arab spring” has waned as it  seems to repeat the same old approach  of  liberalisation and securitisation of the  Southern Mediterranean region rather than democratisation.

scholarly journals Spatial imaginaries and selective in/visibility: Mediterranean neighbourhood and the European Union’s engagement with civil society after the ‘Arab Spring’

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Joachim Bürkner ◽  
James W Scott
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Social Modernization ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Civil Societies

As part of a repertoire of the European Union’s (EU’s) geopolitical practices, the imaginary of Mediterranean Neighbourhood is a means with which to manage dissonance between the EU’s self-image as a normative power, changing political situations in the region and the Realpolitik of security. We argue that this also involved a ‘politics of in/visibility’ that promotes democratization and social modernization through structured cooperation while engaging selectively with local stakeholders. In directing attention to EU readings of and responses to the ‘Arab Spring’, we indicate how both a simplification of the issues at stake and highly selective political framings of local civil societies have operated in tandem. Drawing on a review of recent literature on civil society activism in the southern Mediterranean, we specifically deal with Eurocentric appropriations of civil society as a force for change and as a central element in the construction of the Mediterranean Neighbourhood. EU support for South Mediterranean civil society appears to be targeted at specific actors with whom the EU deems it can work: apart from national elites these include well-established, professionalized non-governmental organizations, and westernized elements of national civil societies. As a result, recognition of the heterogeneous and multilocal nature of the uprisings, as well as their causes, has only marginally translated into serious European Neighbourhood Policy reform. We suggest that an inclusive focus on civil society would reveal Neighbourhood as a contact zone and dialogic space, rather than a project upon which the EU is (rather unsuccessfully) attempting to superimpose a unifying narrative of EU-led modernization.

scholarly journals Impacto de los acuerdos de asociación en el comercio Euromediterráneo de frutas y hortalizas

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
M. Luisa Martí Selva ◽  
José M. García Álvarez-Coque
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Model Approach

The aim of this research is to discuss a different way to represent the influence of Association Agreements on the agricultural trade between Southern Mediterranean Countries and the European Union in the period 1995-2004. A yearly analysis makes it possible to study trade changes after the Association Agreement between European Union and Southern Mediterranean Countries. For assessment of the Association Agreements, groups of countries with different treatment granted by the EU can separately considered. For these purposes, a gravity model approach could be of help, in particular for differentiated products such as fruits and vegetables.

Die Kartellrechtsregelungen in den Freihandelsabkommen der Europäischen Union

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Gerhard Räthling
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Former Soviet Republics ◽  
The Eu

The competition law provisions in the free trade agreements of the EU are compared, analyzed and evaluated in the context of the internationalization of competition law and the approaches of the states to deal with this. A proposal for optimization and an epilogue on "Brexit" complete the analysis. The analysis focuses on the so-called "new generation" free trade agreements with Ecuador/Columbia/Peru, Japan, Canada, Singapore, South Korea, Vietnam and Central America, comparing them with the agreements with (potential) EU accessi-on candidates, states of the southern Mediterranean and former Soviet republics as well as the "first generation" free trade agreements of the EU.

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