Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, an essential component of soil microflora in ecosystem restoration

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi living in the soil closely collaborate with plants in their root zone and play very important role in their evolution. Their symbiosis stimulates plant growth and resistance to different environmental stresses. Plant root system, extended by mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, has better capability to reach the water and dissolved nutrients from a much larger volume of soil. This could solve the problem of imminent depletion of phosphate stock, affect plant fertilisation, and contribute to sustainable production of foods, feeds, biofuel, and raw materials. Expanded plant root systems reduce erosion of soil, improve soil quality, and extend the diversity of soil microflora. On the other hand, symbiosis with plants affects species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and increased plant diversity supports diversity of fungi. This review summarizes the importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in relation to beneficial potential of their symbiosis with plants, and their function in the ecosystem.

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Mitigation of replant disease by mycorrhization in horticultural plants: A review

Folia Horticulturae ◽

10.2478/fhort-2018-0023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 269-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Li-Hui Lü ◽

Qiang-Sheng Wu

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Soil Microflora ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Symbiotic Association ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Replant Disease ◽

Horticultural Plants

Abstract Replant disease refers to the result of monoculture-continuous repetitive planting of congeneric crops or coordinal crops in the same soil for many years. Such disease is recognized as one of the main limiting factors affecting plant growth and production of horticultural plants in many countries. As a result, replant disease in horticultural plants has become a world problem in agriculture and also a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of agriculture. In general, replant disease results in unfavorable growth of horticultural plants, which is due to allelopathy, autotoxicity, and the imbalance of both soil physical-biochemical traits and soil microflora. An environmentally friendly contribution to this could be bio-controlled by beneficial microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, one of soil-inhabiting fungi, can form a symbiotic association in roots to mitigate the negative effects of replant disease in many horticultural plants. Moreover, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi do not produce any environmental pollution in soils and are a potential biological control. The soil fungi could regulate better morphological, physiological and molecular levels in plants to respond to the disease. This review mainly outlined the current knowledge in mycorrhizal mitigation of replant disease in horticultural plants, which appears to be a promising strategy to improve growth of horticultural plants in replant soils.

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Impact of abiotic factors on development of the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil: a Review

International Agrophysics ◽

10.1515/intag-2016-0090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 133-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Agnieszka Jamiołkowska ◽

Andrzej Księżniak ◽

Anna Gałązka ◽

Beata Hetman ◽

Marek Kopacki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Soil Microflora ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Biogenic Elements ◽

Substantial Impact ◽

Mobility Of Ions

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inhabiting soil play an important role for vascular plants. Interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plants and soil microorganisms leads to many mutual advantages. However, the effectiveness of mycorrhizal fungi depends not only on biotic, but also abiotic factors such as physico-chemical properties of the soil, availability of water and biogenic elements, agricultural practices, and climatic conditions. First of all, it is important to adapt the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species to changing environmental conditions. The compactness of the soil and its structure have a huge impact on its biological activity. Soil pH reaction has a substantial impact on the mobility of ions in soil dilutions and their uptake by plants and soil microflora. Water excess can be a factor negatively affecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi because these microorganisms are sensitive to a lower availability of oxygen. Mechanical cultivation of the soil has a marginal impact on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores. However, soil translocation can cause changes to the population of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance in the soil profile. The geographical location and topographic differentiation of cultivated soils, as well as the variability of climatic factors affect the population of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soils and their symbiotic activity.

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