Initial Measurements on Whole Human Prostate ex vivo with a Tactile Resonance Sensor in Order to Detect Prostate Cancer

2015 ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders P. Åstrand ◽  
Britt M. Andersson ◽  
Ville Jalkanen ◽  
Olof A. Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Resonance Sensor ◽  
Detect Prostate Cancer

scholarly journals Multispectral Photoacoustic Imaging of Prostate Cancer: Preliminary Ex-vivo Results

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram S. Dogra ◽  
Bhargava K. Chinni ◽  
Keerthi S. Valluru ◽  
Jean V. Joseph ◽  
Ahmed Ghazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Prostate Tissue ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Normal Prostate Tissue ◽  
Malignant Prostate

Objective: The objective of this study is to validate if ex-vivo multispectral photoacoustic (PA) imaging can differentiate between malignant prostate tissue, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and normal human prostate tissue. Materials and Methods: Institutional Review Board's approval was obtained for this study. A total of 30 patients undergoing prostatectomy for biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer were included in this study with informed consent. Multispectral PA imaging was performed on surgically excised prostate tissue and chromophore images that represent optical absorption of deoxyhemoglobin (dHb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), lipid, and water were reconstructed. After the imaging procedure is completed, malignant prostate, BPH and normal prostate regions were marked by the genitourinary pathologist on histopathology slides and digital images of marked histopathology slides were obtained. The histopathology images were co-registered with chromophore images. Region of interest (ROI) corresponding to malignant prostate, BPH and normal prostate were defined on the chromophore images. Pixel values within each ROI were then averaged to determine mean intensities of dHb, HbO2, lipid, and water. Results: Our preliminary results show that there is statistically significant difference in mean intensity of dHb (P < 0.0001) and lipid (P = 0.0251) between malignant prostate and normal prostate tissue. There was difference in mean intensity of dHb (P < 0.0001) between malignant prostate and BPH. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of our imaging system were found to be 81.3%, 96.2%, 92.9% and 89.3% respectively. Conclusion: Our preliminary results of ex-vivo human prostate study suggest that multispectral PA imaging can differentiate between malignant prostate, BPH and normal prostate tissue.

scholarly journals Examining the technical feasibility of prostate cancer molecular imaging by transrectal photoacoustic tomography with transurethral illumination

2019 ◽  
Vol 245 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haonan Zhang ◽  
Shengsong Huang ◽  
Yingna Chen ◽  
Weiya Xie ◽  
Mengjiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urethral Wall

To pave the road toward clinical application of photoacoustic imaging in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, we studied the technical feasibility and performance of transrectal photoacoustic (PA) imaging in mapping the indocyanine green (ICG) contrast agent, which is approved by FDA, in entire prostates by using light illumination via the urethral track. Experiments were conducted on a clinically relevant ex vivo model involving whole human prostates harvested from radical prostatectomy. The light source placed in the urethral track was an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs), illuminating the prostate with a delivered light power on the urethral wall within the safety limit. A dual-modality imaging system acquired PA and ultrasound (US) images simultaneously in the same way as in transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), with the US imaging presenting the tissue structure and PA imaging detecting the ICG solution. The imaging results demonstrated that tubes containing ICG solution at different concentrations can be detected at different positions in the prostate within a 2 cm range around from the urethral wall. Considering the sizes of regular human prostates, the proposed transurethral illumination in combination with transrectal US detection can facilitate PA molecular imaging over the entire prostate in a non-invasive manner, which makes it possible to further improve the PCa diagnosing efficiency with better molecular sensitivity and resulted better biopsy accuracy and much reduced pain for patients. Impact statement Differentiating cancerous tissues from healthy ones is critical in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). However, due to the low sensitivity of ultrasound (US) imaging to cancerous tissues, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsies, current standard procedure for diagnosing PCa, suffer from low core yield, leading to under-sampling and under-grading of clinically significant tumors. Via the experiment on the ex vivo human prostates, we evaluated the translational potential of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) based on a safe light emitting diodes (LED) source for detecting the molecular information in deep human prostate. We showed that transurethral light illumination in combination with transrectal US detection can facilitate PA molecular imaging over an entire human prostate in a non-invasive manner. The success of this study in the clinically relevant ex vivo human prostate model suggested a new strategy for PA and US combined imaging and detection of PCa.

scholarly journals A tactile resonance sensor for prostate cancer detection – evaluation on human prostate tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 025017
Author(s):  
Olof A Lindahl ◽  
Tomas Bäcklund ◽  
Kerstin Ramser ◽  
Per Liv ◽  
Börje Ljungberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Prostate Tissue ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Prostate Cancer Detection ◽  
Resonance Sensor ◽  
Human Prostate Tissue ◽  
Detection Evaluation

Ex vivo prostate cancer explant organ culture model system for targeted drug development in prostate cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
Shilpa Gupta ◽  
Lei Gu ◽  
Zhiyong Liao ◽  
Peter McCue ◽  
Edouard John Trabulsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Model System ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Prostate Cancers

110 Background: Effective drug development does not always occur successfully in prostate cancer despite discovery of pathways and targeted agents due to lack of pre-clinical models that effectively mimic prostate cancer in humans. We optimized a novel Ex vivo organ-culture model system using clinical human prostate cancers to test novel therapeutic agents targeting the Jak2/Stat5a/b pathway in prostate cancer; this pre-clinical model may be useful to test novel drugs in prostate cancer for target validation and efficacy. Methods: Organ explant cultures of prostate cancers from 16 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were performed within 2 hours of surgery, 1-2 mm fresh tissue explants were cultured in a medium containing different doses of pharmacologic inhibitor of Stat5a/b (IST5-002) or a small molecule Jak2 inhibitor with appropriate controls and treated with the drug daily for 7 days. Explants were fixed and analyzed for viability by hematoxylin-eosin staining and “in situ DNA end-labeling” assays, Stat5 activation was analyzed by immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated Stat5a/b. Results: Morphology of prostate cancer was well maintained and dose-dependent tumor responsesoccurred with the Stat5a/b and Jak2 inhibitors. The minimum effective dose of each drug was 25 micromoles and considerable effects on morphology and apoptosis were seen at 50 micromoles. Conclusions: Inhibition of the /Stat5a/b pathway showed promising preclinical activity in prostate cancer as demonstrated by our 3D-ex vivo explant organ culture model system using clinical human prostate cancers, corroborating the data from prostate cancer cell lines and xenograft prostate tumors. This model system may also serve as an effective pre-clinical tool to explore new targets and analyze the effects of different targeted therapies in prostate cancer. Finally, since this uses Ex vivo prostate cancer explants from individual prostate cancer patients, once could test different targeted agents in parallel and based on the efficacy of individual drugs, select patients who would best respond to a particular drug, thus providing an effective personalized medicine approach.

scholarly journals Reovirus mutant jin-3 exhibits lytic and immune-stimulatory effects in preclinical human prostate cancer models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjanneke F. van de Merbel ◽  
Geertje van der Horst ◽  
Maaike H. van der Mark ◽  
Selas T. F. Bots ◽  
Diana J. M. van den Wollenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Lytic Replication ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Human Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Human Tumour ◽  
Cancer Models

AbstractTreatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer remains a challenging clinical problem. Despite the promising effects of immunotherapy in other solid cancers, prostate cancer has remained largely unresponsive. Oncolytic viruses represent a promising therapeutic avenue, as oncolytic virus treatment combines tumour cell lysis with activation of the immune system and mounting of effective anti-tumour responses. Mammalian Orthoreoviruses are non-pathogenic human viruses with a preference of lytic replication in human tumour cells. In this study, we evaluated the oncolytic efficacy of the bioselected oncolytic reovirus mutant jin-3 in multiple human prostate cancer models. The jin-3 reovirus displayed efficient infection, replication, and anti-cancer responses in 2D and 3D prostate cancer models, as well as in ex vivo cultured human tumour slices. In addition, the jin-3 reovirus markedly reduced the viability and growth of human cancer cell lines and patient-derived xenografts. The infection induced the expression of mediators of immunogenic cell death, interferon-stimulated genes, and inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the reovirus mutant jin-3 displays tumour tropism, and induces potent oncolytic and immunomodulatory responses in human prostate cancer models. Therefore, jin-3 reovirus represents an attractive candidate for further development as oncolytic agent for treatment of patients with aggressive localised or advanced prostate cancer.

scholarly journals MRI Robot for Prostate Focal Laser Ablation: An Ex Vivo Study in Human Prostate

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Seifabadi ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Alex Squires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Phantom Study ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Ct Guidance ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Mri Guided ◽  
Gel Phantom

Purpose: A novel grid-template-mimicking MR-compatible robot was developed for in-gantry MRI-guided focal laser ablation of prostate cancer. Method: A substantially compact robot was designed and prototyped to meet in-gantry lithotomy ergonomics and allow for accommodation in the perineum. The controller software was reconfigured and integrated with the custom-designed navigation and multi-focal ablation software. Three experiments were conducted: (1) free space accuracy test; (2) phantom study under computed tomography (CT) guidance for image-guided accuracy test and overall workflow; and (3) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided focal laser ablation of an ex vivo prostate. The free space accuracy study included five targets that were selected across the workspace. The robot was then commanded five times to each target. The phantom study used a gel phantom made with color changing thermos-chromic ink, and four spherical metal fiducials were deployed with the robot. Then, laser ablation was applied, and the phantom was sliced for gross observation. For an MR-guided ex vivo test, a prostate from a donor who died of prostate cancer was obtained and multi-focally ablated using the system within the MRI gantry. The tissue was sliced after ablation for validation. Results: free-space accuracy was 0.38 ± 0.27 mm. The overall system targeting accuracy under CT guidance (including robot, registration, and insertion error) was 2.17 ± 0.47 mm. The planned ablation zone was successfully covered in both acrylamide gel phantom and in human prostate tissue. Conclusions: The new robot can accurately facilitate fiber targeting for MR-guided focal laser ablation of targetable prostate cancer.

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