Precancerous Lesions of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix: Squamous Dysplasia

Abstract Previous studies have shown that the presence of white substance on the esophageal mucosa is associated with tumor lesions of the flat esophageal mucosa. Since the early lesions of esophageal mucosa are mostly flat, we reasoned that the white substance might also be indicative of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions. Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of white substance in the detection of flat esophageal mucosal lesions and precancerous lesions associated with early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Methods: Clinical and pathological data of patients diagnosed with flat esophageal mucosal disease were collected. The lesions were divided into a neoplastic group and a non-neoplastic group, and the clinicopathological differences between the groups were analyzed. The patients were also divided into two groups based on the presence of white substance after endoscopic examination: a “white substance” group and a “non-white substance” group. The differences between the two groups were analyzed. The diagnostic value of white substance for detection of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and related precancerous lesions was calculated and the pathological nature of white substance inferred. Results: In total, 183 patients with flat esophageal mucosal lesions were enrolled, including 92 (50.3%) with neoplastic lesions and 91 (49.7%) with non-neoplastic lesions. Forty-nine cases (26.8%) presented white substance in the esophageal mucosa. White substance was mainly found in female patients (57.1%), middle esophagus (75.5%), and 60-69-year-old patients (51.0%). Moreover, white substance was more frequently found in neoplastic than in non-neoplastic lesions (43.5% vs. 11.0%, p < 0.05). Consistently, neoplastic lesions were more represented in the white substance group than in the non-white substance group and the difference was statistically significant (79.6 vs. 20.4%, p < 0.05). 51% of the patients in the white substance group, but only 26.1% of those in the non-white substance group, had hyperkeratosis and necrosis, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity of white substance for detection of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions was 42.4% (95% CI, 32.8%–52.6%),the specificity 89.0% (95% CI, 80.8%–94.1%).Conclusions: White substance in the mucosa of flat esophageal lesions exhibited high specificity for the diagnosis of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions. Thus, the presence of white substance in the esophageal mucosa, even in the absence of obvious lesions, may reflect the presence of latent early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions. White substance was associated with hyperkeratosis and necrosis.

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Cytological screening and 15 years’ follow-up (1986–2001) for early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions in a high-risk population in Anyang County, Henan Province, Northern China

Cancer Detection and Prevention ◽

10.1016/j.cdp.2005.06.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 317-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Li Dong Wang ◽

Huai Hua Yang ◽

Zong Min Fan ◽

Xiao Dong Lü ◽

Jun Kuan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

High Risk ◽

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Northern China ◽

Henan Province ◽

High Risk Population

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Tissue protein biomarker candidates to predict progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1111/nyas.13863 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1434 (1) ◽

pp. 59-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Meng Wang ◽

Jennifer S. Smith ◽

Wen‐Qiang Wei

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Protein Biomarker ◽

Tissue Protein

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SPINK7 expression changes accompanied by HER2, P53 and RB1 can be relevant in predicting oral squamous cell carcinoma at a molecular level

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86208-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gina Pennacchiotti ◽

Fabio Valdés-Gutiérrez ◽

Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada ◽

Héctor Federico Montes ◽

Judith Maria Roxana Parra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Less Invasive ◽

High Morbidity Rate

AbstractThe oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which has a high morbidity rate, affects patients worldwide. Changes in SPINK7 in precancerous lesions could promote oncogenesis. Our aim was to evaluate SPINK7 as a potential molecular biomarker which predicts OSCC stages, compared to: HER2, TP53, RB1, NFKB and CYP4B1. This study used oral biopsies from three patient groups: dysplasia (n = 33), less invasive (n = 28) and highly invasive OSCC (n = 18). The control group consisted of clinically suspicious cases later to be confirmed as normal mucosa (n = 20). Gene levels of SPINK7, P53, RB, NFKB and CYP4B1 were quantified by qPCR. SPINK7 levels were correlated with a cohort of 330 patients from the TCGA. Also, SPINK7, HER2, TP53, and RB1, were evaluated by immunohistofluorescence. One-way Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn's post-hoc with a p < 0.05 significance was used to analyze data. In OSCC, the SPINK7 expression had down regulated while P53, RB, NFKB and CYP4B1 had up regulated (p < 0.001). SPINK7 had also diminished in TCGA patients (p = 2.10e-6). In less invasive OSCC, SPINK7 and HER2 proteins had decreased while TP53 and RB1 had increased with respect to the other groups (p < 0.05). The changes of SPINK7 accompanied by HER2, P53 and RB1 can be used to classify the molecular stage of OSCC lesions allowing a diagnosis at molecular and histopathological levels.

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