Fungal Biotechnology for Industrial Enzyme Production: Focus on (Hemi)cellulase Production Strategies, Advances and Challenges

2016 ◽  
pp. 395-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreta Gudynaite-Savitch ◽  
Theresa C. White
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Industrial Enzyme ◽  
Production Strategies

Isolation, identification and in silico study of native cellulase producing bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzane Kargar ◽  
Mojtaba Mortazavi ◽  
Mahmood Maleki ◽  
Masoud Torkzadeh Mahani ◽  
Younes Ghasemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Chain Polymer ◽  
Bacillus Toyonensis

Aims: The purpose of this study was to screen the bacteria producing cellulase enzymes and their bioinformatics studies. Background: Cellulose is a long-chain polymer of glucose that hydrolyzes by cellulases to glucose molecules. In order to design the new biotechnological applications, some strategies have been used as increasing the efficiency of enzyme production, generating cost-effective enzymes, producing stable enzymes and identification of new strains. Objective: On the other hand, some bacteria special features have made them suitable candidates for the identification of the new source of enzymes. In this regard, some native strains of bacteria were screened. Method: These bacteria were grown on a culture containing the liquid M9 media containing CMC to ensure the synthesis of cellulase. The formation of a clear area in the culture medium indicated decomposition of cellulose. In the following, the DNA of these bacteria were extracted and their 16S rDNA genes were amplified. Result: The results show that nine samples were able to synthesize cellulase. In following, these strains were identified using 16S rDNA. The results show that these screened bacteria belonged to the Bacillus sp., Alcaligenes sp., Alcaligenes sp., and Enterobacter sp.conclusionThe enzyme activity analysis shows that the Bacillus toyonensis, Bacillus sp. strain XA15-411 Bacillus cereus have produced the maximum yield of cellulases. However, these amounts of enzyme production in these samples are not proportional to their growth rate. As the bacterial growth chart within 4 consecutive days shows that the Alcaligenes sp. Bacillus cereus, Bacillus toyonensis, Bacillus sp. strain XA15-411 have a maximum growth rate. The study of the phylogenetic tree also shows that Bacillus species are more abundant in the production of cellulase enzyme. These bioinformatics analyses show that the Bacillus species have different evolutionary relationships and evolved in different evolutionary time. Other: However, for maximum cellulase production by this bacteria, some information as optimum temperature, optimum pH, carbon and nitrogen sources are needed for the ideal formulation of media composition. The cellulase production is closely controlled in microorganisms and the cellulase yields appear to depend on a variety of factors. However, the further studies are needed for cloning, purification and application of these new microbial cellulases in the different commercial fields as in food, detergent, and pharmaceutical, paper, textile industries and also various chemical industries. However, these novel enzymes can be further engineered through rational design or using random mutagenesis techniques.

scholarly journals Wild type Bacillus subtilis treated with ethyl methyl sulphonate produced catabolite insensitive mutants with improved cellulase production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipo Olaniyi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Minimal Salt Medium ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ethyl Methyl

Abstract The goal of this present investigation was to mutagenize Bacillus subtilis with Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS), screen the mutants for cellulase production and evaluate the influence of different glucose concentrations on their cellulase production potentials. The wild type B. subtilis was treated with 20, 40, 60 and 80 µl of EMS and the mutants generated were screened for cellulase production in minimal salt medium containing carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) as the carbon source. Quantitatively, cellulase activity and protein contents were determined by dinitrosalicylic acid and Lowry methods respectively. Seven mutants were developed from each of the EMS concentration bringing the total to twenty-eight from all the concentrations. Approximately 14 and 57% of the mutants developed from 40 and 60µl of EMS had higher cellulase activities than the wild type, while none of the mutants developed from 20 and 80 µl of EMS had better activities than the wild type. The supplementation of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% glucose in enzyme production medium caused approximately 100, 14, 29 and 14% cellulase repression respectively in the mutants developed from 60µl EMS. Mutants MSSS02 and MSSS05 were considered as catabolite insensitive mutants because their cellulase production were enhanced in comparison to wild type.

Gamma radiation induced mutagenesis in Aspergillus niger to enhance its microbial fermentation activity for industrial enzyme production

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 1367-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Siddique Awan ◽  
Nabila Tabbasam ◽  
N. Ayub ◽  
M. E. Babar ◽  
Mehboob-ur-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Industrial Enzyme ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis

scholarly journals Optimization for the Production of Cellulase Enzyme from Municipal Solid Waste Residue by Two Novel Cellulolytic Fungi

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Gautam ◽  
P. S. Bundela ◽  
A. K. Pandey ◽  
Jamaluddin Khan ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Alternative Carbon Source

The main purpose of this study is to reduce the production cost of cellulase by optimizing the production medium and using an alternative carbon source such as municipal solid waste residue. In the present investigation, we aim to isolate the two novel cellulase producing fungi (Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma sp.) from municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste residue (4-5% (w/v)) and peptone and yeast extract (1.0% (w/v)) were found to be the best combination of carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of cellulase by A. niger and Trichoderma sp. Optimum temperature and pH of the medium for the cellulase production by A. niger were 40°C and 6-7, whereas those for the production of cellulase by Trichoderma sp. were 45°C and 6.5. Cellulase production from A. niger and Trichoderma sp. can be an advantage as the enzyme production rate is normally higher as compared to other fungi.

scholarly journals Engineering aspects of industrial enzyme production.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
J. KUČERA
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Industrial Enzyme

scholarly journals Cellulase Enzyme Production from Filamentous Fungi Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus awamori in Submerged Fermentation with Rice Straw

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Laila Naher ◽  
Siti Noor Fatin ◽  
Md Abdul Halim Sheikh ◽  
Lateef Adebola Azeez ◽  
Shaiquzzaman Siddiquee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aspergillus Awamori ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme

Fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that play many roles in human livelihoods. However, the isolation of potential fungal species is the key factor to their utilization in different sectors, including the enzyme industry. Hence, in this study, we used two different fungal repositories—soil and weed leaves—to isolate filamentous fungi and evaluate their potential to produce the cellulase enzyme. The fungal strains were isolated using dichloran rose bengal agar (DRBA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA). For cellulase enzyme production, a rice straw submerged fermentation process was used. The enzyme production was carried out at the different incubation times of 3, 5, and 7 days of culture in submerged conditions with rice straw. Fungal identification studies by morphological and molecular methods showed that the soil colonies matched with Trichoderma reesei, and the weed leaf colonies matched with Aspergillus awamori. These species were coded as T. reesei UMK04 and A. awamori UMK02, respectively. This is the first report of A. awamori UMK02 isolation in Malaysian agriculture. The results of cellulase production using the two fungi incorporated with rice straw submerged fermentation showed that T. reesei produced a higher amount of cellulase at Day 5 (27.04 U/mg of dry weight) as compared with A. awamori (15.19 U/mg of dry weight), and the concentration was significantly different (p < 0.05). Our results imply that T. reesei can be utilized for cellulase production using rice straw.

scholarly journals Optimization of Cellulase Enzyme Production by Co-cultures of Fungi Isolated from Lignocellulosic Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Francis John V ◽  
Dr. Soloman P A
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Lignocellulosic Waste ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Degree Of Degradation

Fruit wastes were incubated with the mixture of cellulolytic fungi Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus oryzae, and Trichoderma viride to hydrolyze the cellulosic components and to increase the degree of degradation. . The batch experiments are statistically designed and performed using Box-Benhken method of Response Surface Methodology to investigate the influence of major parameters viz., incubation time, temperature, pH, moisture content and substrate concentration on cellulase enzyme production. Maximum cellulase production of 2.03 Units/ml (U/ml) was detected by the RSM method in a mixed culture containing fungi at a ratio of 1: 1: 1 under optimal conditions at an incubation time of 5.27 days, a temperature of 34.09 °C, pH 4.85, moisture content of 63.83% and a substrate concentration of 5.03%.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF CELLULASE ENZYME PRODUCTION FROM Aspergillus oryzae FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Sher ◽  
Muhammad Faheem ◽  
Abdul Ghani ◽  
Rashid Mehmood ◽  
Hamza Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Cellulosic Biomass ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulase ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme

Cellulases are the hydrolytic group of enzymes, responsible for release of sugars in the bioconversion of the cellulosic biomass into a variety of value added industrial products. Fungal isolated cellulases are well studied and playing a significant role in various industrial processes. Enzymatic depolymerisation of cellulosic material has been done by the various fungal isolated enzymes. In the present study, the cultivation conditions for cellulase production from Aspergillus species were optimized. Optimization of scarification conditions such as time course, inoculum size, carbon source and concentration, nitrogen source, various pH levels were performed for the production of extracellular carboxymethyl cellulase and endoglucanase enzyme. The result exhibited, 15 % inoculums size, corncobs 2 % concentration, Urea and medium pH 7 at 30oC supported high yield of carboxymethyl cellulase (38.80 U/ml/min) and exoglucanase enzyme (10.94 U/ml/min) through a submerged fermentation (SmF). In future biotechnological applications in cellulase enzyme production attain a vital role to obtain high degradable yield.

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