Influence of Sarcopenic and Dynapenic Obesity on Musculoskeletal Health and Function in Older Adults

2016 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
David Scott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Orbicularis Oculi Muscle Size and Function: Exploring the Influence of Aging and Exercise Training

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Takashi Abe ◽  
Jeremy P. Loenneke
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Sphincter Muscle ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi Muscle ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi ◽  
And Function

The orbicularis oculi muscle is the sphincter muscle of the eyelids that blinks and closes the eyes. In this review, our aim was threefold: (1) to introduce the performance characteristics of blinking activity in young and older adults, (2) to discuss the influence of aging on the orbicularis oculi muscle in healthy adults, and (3) to provide information about the effect of facial exercise training on the orbicularis oculi muscle. To achieve the purpose of this review, a search using two electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus) and a search engine (Google Scholar) was conducted. The amplitude and peak velocity of spontaneously blinking behavior, which is an index of muscle function of the orbicularis oculi, appear to be affected by aging. The muscle thickness of the orbicularis oculi tends to be low in older adults, but there are issues that need to be examined further, such as differences in sex and measurement positions. There was no study on the effect of exercise training; however, the results of a highly trained man indicate that the orbicularis oculi muscles might elicit muscle hypertrophy through non-traditional resistance exercise.

The Association Between Sarcopenia and Postoperative Outcomes Among Older Adults With Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110065
Author(s):  
Ming-Hsiu Chiang ◽  
Yi-Jie Kuo ◽  
Yu-Pin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Clinical Event ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
And Function

Hip fracture is a serious clinical event with high morbidity and mortality. Sarcopenia is characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and function, leading to several adverse health outcomes. In this systematic review, no limitation criteria were used for study selection and 327 studies were identified in the initial search. Of these, 11 studies comprising a total of 2,314 patients were selected. The overall proportion of older adults with hip fracture having sarcopenia was 44%, with a disparity of approximately 10% between men and women. Most studies have indicated that older adults with sarcopenia had poorer postoperative functional recovery than those without sarcopenia; the association between sarcopenia and high postoperative mortality or long hospital stay was heterogeneous. Well-organized studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted.

Sexual Health and Function in Later Life: A Population-Based Study of 606 Older Adults with a Partner

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Wang ◽  
Colin A. Depp ◽  
Jennifer Ceglowski ◽  
Wesley K. Thompson ◽  
David Rock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
And Function

Age and Perceptions of Usability on Telephone Menu Systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Reynolds ◽  
Sara J. Czaja ◽  
Joseph Sharit
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Real World ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Menu System ◽  
And Function ◽  
Sample Set

The objectives of this study were to determine if older adults encounter difficulty using real-world telephone menu system applications and to gather data on the usability features of these systems. Six real-world telephone menu systems, which varied in complexity and function, were examined. The sample included 32 community dwelling adults ranging in age from 18–80 years. Participants interacted with the menu systems to perform a sample set of tasks. They were also asked to rate the usability features of the system in terms of their goodness and their relative importance. The data indicated that in addition to taking longer, the older adults tended to have more difficulty performing the tasks. The findings also indicated that memorability was an important usability feature, and that the ratings of overall usability and overall satisfaction were significantly worse for the older adults.

Abstract 3017: Physiological Factors Associated with Fatigue in Older Adults after Myocardial Infarction

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia B Crane ◽  
Jerilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Fatigue Score ◽  
Total Score Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Function

Fatigue after myocardial infarction (MI) is a barrier to secondary prevention behaviors such as engaging in recommended levels of physical activity. However, little is known about physiologic factors that may contribute to fatigue. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of fatigue in older adults after MI and to examine the associations of physiological factors of cardiac function (b-natriuretic peptide [BNP], mean arterial pressure, heart rate), inflammation (IL-6), BMI, and hemoglobin (Hgb) with self-reported fatigue. Methods: A convenience sample of women ( n =49) and men ( n =49) ages ≤65 completed questionnaires and underwent physiologic measures 6 – 8 months after discharge post MI. Subjects completed a demographic health form and fatigue measures (Revised Piper Fatigue Scale and the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale functional items), and had height, weight, pulse, and blood pressure measured. Fatigue was measured as a total score (range 0 –310) and as 5 subscales (behavior/severity, affective, sensory, cognitive/mood, and function). Blood samples were also taken, and Hgb, IL-6, and BNP were measured in the same laboratory using standardized procedures. Results: Patients were an average of 75.69 ± 6.45 years of age. Fatigue was reported by 75 (77%) with a mean score of 102.46 (SD=57.7; range 8 –235). More women (84%) reported fatigue than men (69%), though this difference was not statistically significant. Patients reported higher fatigue scores on the behavior/severity and sensory subscales compared to the other fatigue subscales. Bivariate correlations of physiological factors and the total fatigue score revealed one significant physiological correlate, IL-6 ( r =.29). Controlling for age and gender, a multiple linear regression model explained 8.7% of the variance in fatigue ( F = 2.769 ; p <.05) with IL-6 as the only significant independent variable ( p =.010). An unexpected finding was that BNP did not correlate with fatigue. Discussion: Fatigue is prevalent in the majority of older adults after MI. Results indicate that inflammation may play a stronger role in fatigue than other physiological factors. Further research is needed to examine how inflammation and other physiologic factors may influence fatigue post MI.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Symptoms and Function in Older Adults with Comorbidity

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather E. Whitson ◽  
Linda L. Sanders ◽  
Carl F. Pieper ◽  
Miriam C. Morey ◽  
Eugene Z. Oddone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Aging clinical problems: a difficult balance between age and frailty

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Rozzini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
And Function ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Clinical Problems

<p>Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome that embodies an elevated risk of catastrophic declines in health and function among older adults. Frailty is a condition associated with ageing with associated weakness, slowing, decreased energy, lower activity, and, when severe, unintended weight loss. As a population ages, a central focus of geriatricians and public health practitioners is to understand, and then beneficially intervene on, the factors and processes that put elders at such risk, especially the increased vulnerability to stressors (e.g. extremes of heat and cold, infection, injury, or even changes in medication) that characterizes many older adults. The syndrome of geriatric frailty is hypothesized to reflect impairments in the regulation of multiple physiologic systems, embodying a lack of resilience to physiologic challenges and thus elevated risk for a range of deleterious endpoints. The empirical assessment of geriatric frailty in individuals seeks to capture this or related features.</p><p><strong>Riassunto</strong></p><p>Fragilità è la predisposizione alla rottura, al danno. L’etimologia della parola fragilità da "frango", rompere, rimanda alla nozione di qualche cosa che se sottoposto a una pressione, a un impatto, rischia di danneggiarsi facilmente. E’ dunque una nozione ampia e intuitiva che può avere ambiti di precisazione più diversi a seconda che se ne parli in fisica (dove esistono dei coefficienti esatti) piuttosto che nei campi della morale o del sentimento, dove la valutazione sarà sempre più "poetica" e affidata alla sensibilità individuale.</p>

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