Description of the Waldstein Measuring Site

During the period between June and December 2002, the concentrations of ozone in the air at 4 measuring sites in Belgrade were measured. The measuring periods varied from 10 days to several weeks. The maximal measured daily concentrations of ozone ranged from 19ppbv (23 December 2002) to 118ppbv (23 June 2002).Ozone concentrations higher than, or equal to 90ppbv were registered at three measuring sites. It was shown that at measuring sites characterized as urban, maximal O3 concentrations equal to, or higher than 90ppbv occurred at high temperatures (higher than 30?C) and low wind speeds (mostly from the north). The measured ozone concentrations mostly showed characteristics usual for a daily photochemical ozone cycle, excluding the specificities influenced by the measuring site itself. Ozone transport was recorded at increased wind speeds, primarily from south-easterly directions. On the basis of he correlations between ozone concentration and the corresponding meteorological parameters, a validation of the measuring sites was performed from the aspect of their representativeness for the measurements.

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Evaluating Predictor Strategies for Regression-Based Downscaling with a Focus on Glacierized Mountain Environments

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-16-0215.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 1707-1729 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marlis Hofer ◽

Johanna Nemec ◽

Nicolas J. Cullen ◽

Markus Weber

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Global Radiation ◽

Local Scale ◽

Forecast Skill ◽

Model Complexity ◽

High Mountain ◽

European Alps ◽

Limited Information ◽

Mountain Environments ◽

Measuring Site

AbstractThis study explores the potential of different predictor strategies for improving the performance of regression-based downscaling approaches. The investigated local-scale target variables are precipitation, air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and global radiation, all at a daily time scale. Observations of these target variables are assessed from three sites in close proximity to mountain glaciers: 1) the Vernagtbach station in the European Alps, 2) the Artesonraju measuring site in the tropical South American Andes, and 3) the Mount Brewster measuring site in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. The large-scale dataset being evaluated is the ERA-Interim dataset. In the downscaling procedure, particular emphasis is put on developing efficient yet not overfit models from the limited information in the temporally short (typically a few years) observational records of the high mountain sites. For direct (univariate) predictors, optimum scale analysis turns out to be a powerful means to improve the forecast skill without the need to increase the downscaling model complexity. Yet the traditional (multivariate) predictor sets show generally higher skill than the direct predictors for all variables, sites, and days of the year. Only in the case of large sampling uncertainty (identified here to particularly affect observed precipitation) is the use of univariate predictor options justified. Overall, the authors find a range in forecast skill among the different predictor options applied in the literature up to 0.5 (where 0 indicates no skill, and 1 represents perfect skill). This highlights that a sophisticated predictor selection (as presented in this study) is essential in the development of realistic, local-scale scenarios by means of downscaling.

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A Homonuclear Rotational Echo Double-Resonance Method for Measuring Site-Resolved Distance Distributions in I=1/2 Spin Pairs, Clusters, and Multispin Systems

Angewandte Chemie International Edition ◽

10.1002/anie.201207094 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 51 (51) ◽

pp. 12888-12891 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jinjun Ren ◽

Hellmut Eckert

Keyword(s):

Double Resonance ◽

Resonance Method ◽

Distance Distributions ◽

Rotational Echo Double Resonance ◽

Measuring Site ◽

Spin Pairs ◽

Multispin Systems

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Impacts of some meteorological parameters on the SO2 concentrations in the city of Obrenovac, Serbia

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc081026030n ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 703-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Snezana Nenadovic ◽

Ljiljana Matovic ◽

Misko Milanovic ◽

Sava Janicevic ◽

Jasmina Grbovic-Novakovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Power Plants ◽

Meteorological Parameters ◽

North West ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

The North ◽

West Part ◽

Measuring Site ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

In this paper, the impacts of some meteorological parameters on the SO2 concentrations in the City of Obrenovac are presented. The City of Obrenovac is located in the north-west part of Serbia on the banks of the River Sava. The observed source emission, the power plants TENT A and TENT B are situated on the bank of the Sava River in the vicinity of Obrenovac. During the period from January to November 2006, the concentrations of sulfur dioxide in the air at 4 monitoring sites in Obrenovac were measured. It was noticed that the maximal measured daily concentrations of sulfur dioxide ranged from 1 ?g/m3 (16th November, 2006) to 98 ?g/m3 (29th January 2006) and lie under the maximal allowed concentration value according to the Serbian Law on Environmental Protection. The measured sulfur dioxide concentrations mostly showed characteristics usual for a daily acidification sulfur dioxide cycle, excluding the specificities influenced by the measuring site itself. Sulfur dioxide transport was recorded at increased wind speeds, primarily from the southeast direction. Based on the impact of meteorological parameters on the sulfur dioxide concentration, a validation of the monitoring sites was also performed from the aspect of their representivity.

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Clear-air lidar dark band

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201817605028 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 176 ◽

pp. 05028

Author(s):

Paolo Di Girolamo ◽

Andrea Scoccione ◽

Marco Cacciani ◽

Donato Summa ◽

Jan H. Schween

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

Convective Boundary Layer ◽

Aerosol Particles ◽

Dark Band ◽

Open Pit ◽

Raman Lidar ◽

Convective Boundary ◽

Open Pit Mines ◽

Measuring Site

This paper illustrates measurements carried out by the Raman lidar BASIL in the frame of HOPE, revealing the presence of a clear-air dark band phenomenon (i.e. the appearance of a minimum in lidar backscatter echoes) in the upper portion of the convective boundary layer. The phenomenon is clearly distinguishable in the lidar backscatter echoes at 1064 nm. This phenomenon is attributed to the presence of lignite aerosol particles advected from the surrounding open pit mines in the vicinity of the measuring site.

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Bedload Transport Monitoring in Alpine Rivers: Variability in Swiss Plate Geophone Response

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20154089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (15) ◽

pp. 4089 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gilles Antoniazza ◽

Tobias Nicollier ◽

Carlos R. Wyss ◽

Stefan Boss ◽

Dieter Rickenmann

Keyword(s):

Maximum Amplitude ◽

Detailed Comparison ◽

Bedload Transport ◽

Measuring Site ◽

Power Law Function ◽

Alpine Streams ◽

Signal Response ◽

Alpine Rivers ◽

The Impact ◽

Calibration Coefficients

Acoustic sensors are increasingly used to measure bedload transport in Alpine streams, notably the Swiss plate geophone (SPG) system. An impact experiment using artificial weights is developed in this paper to assess the variability in individual plate response and to evaluate the extent to which calibration coefficients can be transferred from calibrated plates to non-calibrated plates at a given measuring site and/or to other measuring sites. Results of the experiment over 43 plates at four measuring sites have notably shown (a) that the maximum amplitude (V) recorded by individual plates tends to evolve as a power law function of the impact energy (J), with an exponent slightly larger than 1, for all the plates at all measuring sites; (b) that there is a substantial propagation of energy across plates that should be taken into account for a better understanding of the signal response; (c) that the response of individual plates is in most cases consistent, which suggests that calibration coefficients are comparable within and in between measuring sites, but site-specific and plate-specific variabilities in signal response have to be considered for a detailed comparison.

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Determination of Site-Specific (Deuterium/Hydrogen) Ratios in Vanillin by 2H-NuclearMagnetic Resonance Spectrometry: Collaborative Study

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/90.1.187 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 187-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Eric Jamin ◽

Frédérique Martin ◽

Gilles G Martin ◽

I Billault ◽

A -I Blanch-Cortès ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

Official Method ◽

Site Specific ◽

Hydrogen Position ◽

Nmr Spectrometry ◽

Measuring Site ◽

Commercial Sources

Abstract The results of collaborative study are reported for a method that determines the site-specific isotope ratios of deuterium/hydrogen (D/H)i in vanillin by deuterium-nuclear magnetic resonance (2H-NMR) spectrometry. This method allows characterization of all the main commercial sources of commercial vanillin and detection of undeclared mixtures. It is based on the fact that the amounts of deuterium at various positions in the vanillin molecule are significantly different from one source to another. Vanillin is dissolved in acetonitrile and analyzed with a high-field NMR spectrometer fitted with a deuterium probe and a fluorine lock. The proportions of isotopomers monodeuterated at each hydrogen position of the molecule are recorded, and the corresponding (D/H) ratios are determined by using a calibrated reference. Nine laboratories analyzed 5 materials supplied as blind duplicates (1 natural vanillin from vanilla beans, 2 synthetic vanillins from guaiacol, 1 semisynthetic vanillin from lignin, and a mixture of natural and synthetic vanillins). The precision of the method for measuring site-specific ratios was as follows: for (D/H)1 the within-laboratory standard deviation (sr) values ranged from 2.2 to 5.8 ppm, and the among-laboratories standard deviation (sR) values ranged from 3.6 to 5.1 ppm; for (D/H)3 the sr values ranged from 1.7 to 3.2 ppm, and the sR values ranged from 2.4 to 3.7 ppm; for (D/H)4 the sr values ranged from 2.3 to 6.2 ppm, and the sR values ranged from 2.4 to 6.4 ppm; for (D/H)5 the sr values ranged from 0.8 to 2.7 ppm, and the sR values ranged from 0.9 to 2.3 ppm. It was shown that these values allow a satisfactory discrimination between vanillin sources. Therefore, the Study Director recommends the method for adoption as a First Action Official Method by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.

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Tree Pollen Spectra and Pollen Allergy Risk in the Osijek-Baranja County

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology ◽

10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2235 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Magdalena Sikora ◽

Marina Valek ◽

Zdenka Šušić ◽

Vera Santo ◽

Dario Brdarić

Keyword(s):

Airborne Pollen ◽

Pollen Allergy ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Research Information ◽

Tree Pollen ◽

Pollen Concentrations ◽

North Eastern ◽

Measuring Site ◽

Monitoring Stations

The forests of north-eastern Croatia, as well as various plants and trees in the parks and streets of the Osijek-Baranja County, produce large amounts of pollen during the pollen season, which can cause allergy symptoms in pollen sensitive individuals. The aim of this study was to determine the most frequent types of pollen in this area and estimate possible health risks, especially the risk of allergy. In 2009 and 2010, the staff of the Health Ecology Department of the Osijek Public Health Institute monitored tree pollen concentrations in four cities from the Osijek - Baranja County (Osijek, Našice, Đakovo and Beli Manastir) using a Burkard volumetric instrument. The results were affected by weather conditions. Windy and sunny days facilitated the transfer of pollen, whereas during rainy days, the concentration of pollen grains decreased. High pollen concentrations of Cupressaceae/Taxaceae, Betulaceae, Salicaceae and Aceraceae could be the cause for symptoms of pollen allergy. In 2009, conifers, birch and poplar pollen were dominant at all monitoring stations with 5000 pollen grains (PG), 3188 PG and 3113 PG respectively. The highest number of pollen grains was recorded at measuring site Osijek. The variations in airborne pollen concentration between pollen seasons were recorded at all monitoring stations. The most obvious variations were recorded at measuring site Osijek. The usual pollination period lasts two to three months, which means that most pollen grains remain present from February to early June. However, the Cupressaceae / Taxaceae pollination periods last the longest and their pollen grains remain present until the end of summer. The risk of allergy was determined at four monitored measuring stations and the obtained data confirmed that the largest number of days with a high health risk was at the Đakovo measuring station for a species of birch. The research information aims to help allergologists and individuals allergic to plant pollen develop preventive measures and proper treatment therapies.

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