Higher Education, Human Capital, and Regional Dynamics in Southern Europe

2017 ◽  
pp. 323-344
Author(s):  
Ricardo Biscaia ◽  
Pedro Teixeira ◽  
Vera Rocha ◽  
Margarida Fonseca Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Regional Dynamics

Formacja prawnika wyzwaniem czasów

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Stanisław Leszek Stadniczeńko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Political Disputes

The author considers the questions relating to the formation of lawyers’ professional traits from the point of view of the significance which human capital and investment in this capital hold in contemporary times. It follows from the analyses, which were carried out, that the dire need for taking up actions with the aim to shape lawyers appears one of the most vital tasks. This requires taking into account visible trends in the changing job market. Another aspect results from the need for multilevel qualifications and conditions behind lawyers’ actions and their decisions. Thus, colleges of higher education which educate prospective lawyers, as well as lawyers’ corporations, are confronted by challenges of forming, in young people, features that are indispensable for them to be valuable lawyers and not only executors of simple activities. The author points to the fact that lawyers need shaping because, among others, during their whole social lives and realization of professional tasks their personality traits and potential related to communication will constantly manifest through accepting and following or rejecting and opposing values, principles, reflexions, empathy, sensitivity, the farthest-fetched imagination, objectivism, cooperation, dialogue, distancing themselves from political disputes, etc. Students of the art of law should be characterized by a changed mentality, new vision of law – service to man, and realization of standards of law, as well as perception of the importance of knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences.

Mismatch Between Education and Occupation: A Case Study of Pakistani Graduates.

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4II) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujaat Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Keywords Education ◽  
Job Mismatch

In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the incidences of job mismatch in Pakistan. The study has divided the job mismatch into three categories; education-job mismatch, qualification mismatch and field of study and job mismatch. Both the primary and secondary datasets have been used in which the formal sector employed graduates have been targeted. This study has measured the education-job mismatch by three approaches and found that about one-third of the graduates are facing education-job mismatch. In similar, more than one-fourth of the graduates are mismatched in qualification, about half of them are over-qualified and the half are under-qualified. The analysis also shows that 11.3 percent of the graduates have irrelevant and 13.8 percent have slightly relevant jobs to their studied field of disciplines. Our analysis shows that women are more likely than men to be mismatched in field of study. JEL classification: I23, I24, J21, J24 Keywords: Education and Inequality, Higher Education, Human Capital, Labour Market

DEMOCRATIZATION OF THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE INDIVIDUALS’ DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE SUBJECTS OF ITS ACTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Ryabchenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Capital Development

There are following prerequisites outlined in this article: worldwide democratization trend; complexity of structures of social systems; growing needs in human capital development; autonomy of national higher education institutions; civilizational problem of Ukraine in national elite. Conceptual problems on a road to real democracy in higher education institutions were actualized and analyzed. Determined and characterized three models of higher education institutions activities based on the level of democratization needs of their social environment as: negative, neutral and favorable.

Factors of slowing down the economic growth of modern Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
General Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Federal Laws ◽  
Excessive Number

The study of the influence of the Federal laws adopted in Russia on the rate of economic growth made it possible to establish that since 2005, lawmaking has hindered the growth of the Russian economy. In the work, a model of the dependence of the rates of economic growth on the number of employees of state authorities and local self-government obtained. The model shows that the number of employees of state authorities and local self-government determines the rate of economic growth by one third, and the increase in their number causes a decrease in the rate of economic growth. Excessive number of employees of state authorities and local self-government, enforcing these laws, inhibits economic growth. To assess the possibility of increasing human capital due to the functioning of the education system, the value of the «education premium» estimated. The obtained results of the assessment of the «premium for education» indicate that the education system in modern Russia is losing its role as a means of forming human capital. In the period from 2009 to 2019, premiums for secondary vocational, secondary (complete) general and basic general education were completely lost. The premium for higher education has more than halved; by 2027, the premium for higher education for employed workers will also be completely lost. The loss by the institution of education of the role of a means of forming human capital is due to continuous ineffective reforms in education.

Is the Ukrainian economy’s absorptive capacity appropriate to attract foreign direct investment and facilitate economic growth?

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1928-1947
Author(s):  
Svitlana Shevelova ◽  
Svitlana Plaskon
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Douglas Production Function

Purpose Despite an increasing volume of literature focussed on foreign direct investment (FDI) in transition economies, there has been little research into FDI in Ukraine. The relationship between the inflows of FDI (IFDI) and absorptive capacity (AC) has been under-researched in the peripheral transition countries like Ukraine. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the appropriateness of the Ukrainian economy’s AC to attract IFDI and facilitate economic growth with a particular focus on AC factors, such as the potential of human resources to absorb innovation and benefit from research and development (R&D) expenditure. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a thoughtful research design: there is an analysis of the AC framework for justification and selection factors that allows a measurement of the potential of Ukraine’s AC to attract and exploit IFDI. The study uses data from 25 regions in Ukraine for the 1996–2015 period. To estimate the effects of IFDI on Ukrainian economic growth, a Cobb–Douglas production function is used. As an appropriate instrumentation technique for dynamic panel data, the Generalised Method of Moments is used to provide unbiased and efficient estimates of the results. The application of the interactive term in this study allows the authors to indicate the existence of complementarities between IFDI and human capital, in particular with higher education, that afford opportunity to absorb new technologies and benefit from IFDI. Findings The resulting model indicates that R&D expenditure benefited very significantly in evolving country’s innovation system due to economic growth. Physical and human capital has not been used effectively in Ukraine to facilitate economic growth and attract IFDI. The number of patents is not significant in all of the regression models. Moreover, IFDI in Ukraine for the 1996–2015 period did not significantly impact on economic growth. However, the AC of human capital, in particular those with a higher education, is relatively relevant to benefit from IFDI. Practical implications The findings have important implications for governmental policy, which should be based on improving the business climate, a strategy for digital development, innovation, migration, institutional and regional policies aimed at the achievement of country’s sustainable economic growth. The government should increase R&D expenditure as an important factor of gross domestic product growth and introduce grants, loans and other financial supports for encouraging students to continue university education. Originality/value The originality and value of this paper is empirical and methodological. The empirical results of this study enable a conclusion about the appropriate level of the country’s absorptive capability required to benefit from IFDI. The paper also contributes to the existing academic debate and proves that despite the well-established theoretical framework for the IFDI–AC economic impact context, a new theorisation is needed to explore the full complexity of the country’s explicit relationship between AC and IFDI. Future research should be focussed on examining not only groups of countries but also distinctly the country’s explicit relationship between AC and IFDI with the particular attention for the under-researched countries: the peripheral transition economies to discover new research niches for theory building. This study presents an original methodological approach with a careful justification of the theoretical framework for hypothesis development, an appropriate sample and an original application of seminal research methods based on the Cobb–Douglas production function. This study proves that the interactive term, which allows indication of the existence of complementarities between IFDI and other variables, is appropriate for measuring AC in countries with smaller amounts of IFDI.

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