The Role of Representations in Students’ Explanations of Four Phenomena in Physics: Dynamics, Thermal Physics, Electromagnetic Induction and Superposition

2017 ◽  
pp. 255-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Yeo ◽  
John K. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Thermal Physics

scholarly journals Thermal Physics and Glaucoma II: Preliminary Evidences for a Thermophysical Design of a Possible Visible-Light-Photons Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6301
Author(s):  
Giulia Grisolia ◽  
Mariarosa Astori ◽  
Antonio Ponzetto ◽  
Antonio Vercesi ◽  
Umberto Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Thermodynamic Approach ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Thermal Physics ◽  
Starting Point

Recently, a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach has been developed in order to model the fundamental role of the membrane electric potential in the cell behaviour. A related new viewpoint is introduced, with a design of a photobiomodulation treatment in order to restore part of the visual field. Here, a first step in experimental evidence of the validity of the thermodynamic approach is developed. This result represents the starting point for future experimental improvements for light stimulation in order to improve the quality of life of the patients. The future possible therapy will be in addition to the pharmacological treatments.

scholarly journals Modulation of Astrocytes on Mode Selection of Neuron Firing Driven by Electromagnetic Induction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Zhongquan Gao ◽  
Zhixuan Yuan ◽  
Zuo Wang ◽  
Peihua Feng
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Neuron Model ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Neuron Firing ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Strong Ability

Both of astrocytes and electromagnetic induction are magnificent to modulate neuron firing by introducing feedback currents to membrane potential. An improved astro-neuron model considering both of the two factors is employed to investigate their different roles in modulation. The mixing mode, defined by combination of period bursting and depolarization blockage, characterizes the effect of astrocytes. Mixing mode and period bursting alternatively appear in parameter space with respect to the amplitude of feedback current on neuron from astrocyte modulation. However, magnetic flux obviously plays a role of neuron firing inhibition. It not only repels the mixing mode but also suppresses period bursting. The mixing mode becomes period bursting mode and even resting state when astrocytes are hyperexcitable. Abnormal activities of astrocytes are capable to induce depolarization blockage to compose the mixing mode together with bursting mode. But electromagnetic induction shows its strong ability of inhibition of neuron firing, which is also illustrated in the bifurcation diagram. Indeed, the combination of the two factors and appropriate choice of parameters show the great potential to control disorder of neuron firing like epilepsy.

scholarly journals The role of order and disorder in thermal and material sciences part 1: Heat and society

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sesták
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Thermal Physics ◽  
Order And Disorder ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Material Sciences

The notion of heat is thoroughly analyzed and its historical links are searched particularly with relation to both the Greek philosophy (Milesians, Pythagoreans, atomists, etc.) and in the present day thermal physics. Fluctuation, spontaneity and chaos are discussed. Thermodynamics is reviewed in the relation to both the traditional development and the modern description of disequilibria (open systems). Effect of dissipation is shown often to provide new, self-organized structures. Exploitation of fire and its conscious use as a manufacturing power are analyzed in terms of generalized engines to act in the sense of the information transducers.

Electromagnetism and Field Physics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Steinle
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Electromagnetic Generators

This article examines developments in electromagnetism and field physics during the early nineteenth century, when electricity had become a fully respected area of research. It begins with a discussion of the ‘Volta’s pile’, an apparatus developed by Alessandro Volta, along with mathematical approaches to electricity and Hans-Christian Ørsted’s discovery of electromagnetism. It then reviews the work of André-Marie Ampère and the Biot–Savart law, introduced by Jean Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart; developments in electrodynamics during the period 1821–1826; and Michael Faraday’s research initiative in electromagnetism, and especially electromagnetic induction and the electrotonic state. It also looks at three important developments in electromagnetism during the 1820s: galvanometers, electromagnets, and Arago’s effect. Finally, it describes Lenz’s law, electromagnetic generators, the electromagnetic telegraph, the Faraday effect, diamagnetism, and the question of polarity as well as the role of mathematics in Faraday’s theories.

Role of epidermis in the optics and thermal physics of human skin

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 909-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Barun ◽  
A. P. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Thermal Physics

From engineer to scientist: reinventing invention in the Watt and Faraday centenaries, 1919–31

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE MACLEOD ◽  
JENNIFER TANN
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Natural Philosopher ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Michael Faraday

AbstractWhile important research on the history of scientific commemorations has been published in recent years, relatively little attention has been paid to the commemoration of invention and inventors. A comparison of the centenaries of James Watt's death in 1919 and of Michael Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic induction in 1931 reveals how the image of the inventor was being refashioned in the early twentieth century. Although shortly after his death Watt had been acclaimed by the Royal Society as a great ‘natural philosopher’, a century later his reputation had been appropriated by the engineering professions and trades. As the title of Dickinson's 1935 biography described him, he was seen primarily as a ‘craftsman and engineer’, not a scientist. With poor publicity, which failed in particular to make any connection between steam power and electricity, the 1919 centenary excited little interest outside engineering circles. Meanwhile, professional scientists, who were seeking financial recognition for the importance of their research in ‘pure’ science, had found a new icon in Michael Faraday. They seized the occasion of the 1931 centenary to reinforce the link between Faraday's scientific research and the wonders of modern electrical technology and thereby to elevate the role of ‘blue-sky’ research over its ‘mere’ application.

scholarly journals Thermal Physics and Glaucoma: From Thermodynamic to Biophysical Considerations to Designing Future Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Lucia ◽  
Giulia Grisolia
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Ion Fluxes ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Thermal Physics ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Non Equilibrium

This paper presents a theoretical approach to glaucoma, with the aim of improving the comprehension of the biophysical bases for new possible therapies. The approach is based on a non-equilibrium thermodynamic model. The results point to the fundamental role of the membrane’s electric potential and of its relation with inflammation and ion fluxes. A new viewpoint is suggested to consider anti-inflammation and photobiomodulation as possible therapies for glaucoma.

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