Graph Constraint Evaluation over Partial Models by Constraint Rewriting

Medium-resolution cryo-electron microscopy maps, in particular when they include a significant number of α-helices, may allow the building of partial models that are useful for molecular-replacement searches in large crystallographic structures when the structures of homologs are not available and experimental phasing has failed. Here, as an example, the solution of the structure of a bacteriophage portal using a partial 30% model built into a 7.8 Å resolution cryo-EM map is shown. Inspection of the self-rotation function allowed the correct oligomerization state to be determined, and density-modification procedures using rotation matrices and a mask based on the cryo-EM structure were critical for solving the structure. A workflow is described that may be applicable to similar cases and this strategy is compared with direct use of the cryo-EM map for molecular replacement.

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Analytical Solutions of Two Space-Time Fractional Nonlinear Models Using Jacobi Elliptic Function Expansion Method

Contemporary Mathematics ◽

10.37256/cm.232021682 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 173-188

Author(s):

Zillur Rahman ◽

M. Zulfikar Ali ◽

Harun-Or-Roshid ◽

Mohammad Safi Ullah

Keyword(s):

Elliptic Function ◽

Nonlinear Models ◽

Applied Mathematics ◽

Elliptic Functions ◽

Expansion Method ◽

Space Time ◽

Jacobi Elliptic Function ◽

Function Expansion ◽

Partial Models ◽

Jacobi Elliptic Function Expansion

In this manuscript, the space-time fractional Equal-width (s-tfEW) and the space-time fractional Wazwaz-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (s-tfWBBM) models have been investigated which are frequently arises in nonlinear optics, solid states, fluid mechanics and shallow water. Jacobi elliptic function expansion integral technique has been used to build more innovative exact solutions of the s-tfEW and s-tfWBBM nonlinear partial models. In this research, fractional beta-derivatives are applied to convert the partial models to ordinary models. Several types of solutions have been derived for the models and performed some new solitary wave phenomena. The derived solutions have been presented in the form of Jacobi elliptic functions initially. Persevering different conditions on a parameter, we have achieved hyperbolic and trigonometric functions solutions from the Jacobi elliptic function solutions. Besides the scientific derivation of the analytical findings, the results have been illustrated graphically for clear identification of the dynamical properties. It is noticeable that the integral scheme is simplest, conventional and convenient in handling many nonlinear models arising in applied mathematics and the applied physics to derive diverse structural precise solutions.

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Models of Social Cash Transfers

The Global Rise of Social Cash Transfers ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198754336.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 105-138

Author(s):

Lutz Leisering

Keyword(s):

International Organizations ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Cash Transfers ◽

Partial Models ◽

Social Cash Transfers ◽

Clear Idea

Around 2000, poverty had moved to the top of global agendas, but there was no clear idea what policies would be appropriate. By the mid-2000s, a consensus among international organizations on social cash transfers had emerged. This chapter investigates what models of cash transfers were proposed by international organizations, and why, considering that global actors of all political leanings had rejected the idea of cash transfers well into the 1990s. The analysis draws on unique qualitative data on all major international organizations involved. It is argued that the idea of social cash transfers marks a paradigm shift in global anti-poverty policy, driven by pioneering country examples, sectional interests of international organizations, and new discursive frames. However, the idea of cash transfers was discursively reduced to four partial models that define the field to the present day, reflecting mandates of lead organizations and adding up to a fragmented and incomplete universalism.

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EMC - A Modeling Method for Developing Web-based Applications

Optimal Information Modeling Techniques ◽

10.4018/978-1-931777-09-4.ch019 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 207-220

Author(s):

Peter Rittgen

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Object Oriented ◽

Modeling Method ◽

Enterprise Modeling ◽

Object Oriented Programming ◽

Substantial Part ◽

Web Based ◽

Trading Company ◽

Partial Models ◽

Event Driven

Early information systems were mainly built around secondary, administrative processes of the value chain (e.g., accounting). But since the internet came into use, more and more primary processes have become accessible to automation: customer acquisition, ordering, billing and, in the case of intangible goods such as software, even delivery. Hence an increasing part of an enterprise has to be modeled and a substantial part thereof is implemented, usually in an object-oriented programming language like Java. To facilitate this complex task, the MEMO methodology (Multi-perspective Enterprise MOdeling) allows the description of the enterprise on three levels – strategy, organization and information system – and from four angles – process, structure, resources and goals. All partial models for the views are integrated via a common object-oriented core. In this framework we suggest a modeling method for the IS layer, the Event-driven Method Chain (EMC). It is based on the Event-driven Process Chain (EPC) by Scheer, which we adapt to fit both the MEMO methodology and the object-oriented paradigm thus making it suitable for the development of web-based applications. To illustrate this we use the example of a software trading company.

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Data-Driven Corrections of Partial Lotka–Volterra Models

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e22111313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 1313

Author(s):

Rebecca E. Morrison

Keyword(s):

Chemical Species ◽

Active Species ◽

Data Driven ◽

Volterra Models ◽

Discrepancy Model ◽

Partial Models ◽

Sparse Operators ◽

Partial Interaction ◽

Interacting Systems ◽

Physical Information

In many applications of interacting systems, we are only interested in the dynamic behavior of a subset of all possible active species. For example, this is true in combustion models (many transient chemical species are not of interest in a given reaction) and in epidemiological models (only certain subpopulations are consequential). Thus, it is common to use greatly reduced or partial models in which only the interactions among the species of interest are known. In this work, we explore the use of an embedded, sparse, and data-driven discrepancy operator to augment these partial interaction models. Preliminary results show that the model error caused by severe reductions—e.g., elimination of hundreds of terms—can be captured with sparse operators, built with only a small fraction of that number. The operator is embedded within the differential equations of the model, which allows the action of the operator to be interpretable. Moreover, it is constrained by available physical information and calibrated over many scenarios. These qualities of the discrepancy model—interpretability, physical consistency, and robustness to different scenarios—are intended to support reliable predictions under extrapolative conditions.

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ENRICHED INTERVAL BILATTICES AND PARTIAL MANY-VALUED LOGICS: AN APPROACH TO DEAL WITH GRADED TRUTH AND IMPRECISION

International Journal of Uncertainty Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems ◽

10.1142/s0218488594000055 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

pp. 37-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

FRANCESC ESTEVA ◽

PERE GARCIA-CALVÉS ◽

LLUÍS GODO

Keyword(s):

Approximate Reasoning ◽

Truth Values ◽

Partial Models ◽

Truth Value ◽

The Many ◽

Available Information ◽

States Of Knowledge

Within the many-valued approach for approximate reasoning, the aim of this paper is two-fold. First, to extend truth-values lattices to cope with the imprecision due to possible incompleteness of the available information. This is done by considering two bilattices of truth-value intervals corresponding to the so-called weak and strong truth orderings. Based on the use of interval bilattices, the second aim is to introduce what we call partial many-valued logics. The (partial) models of such logics may assign intervals of truth-values to formulas, and so they stand for representations of incomplete states of knowledge. Finally, the relation between partial and complete semantical entailment is studied, and it is provedtheir equivalence for a family of formulas, including the so-called free well formed formulas.

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