Long-Term Effects of Strength Training on Aerobic Capacity and Endurance Performance

2018 ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Øyvind Sandbakk
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Lasting Effects of Workplace Strength Training for Neck/Shoulder/Arm Pain among Laboratory Technicians: Natural Experiment with 3-Year Follow-Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mortensen ◽  
Anders I. Larsen ◽  
Mette K. Zebis ◽  
Mogens T. Pedersen ◽  
Gisela Sjøgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Arm Pain ◽  
Private And Public

Objectives. This study investigated long-term effects and implementation processes of workplace strength training for musculoskeletal disorders.Methods. 333 and 140 laboratory technicians from private and public sector companies, respectively, replied to a 3-year follow-up questionnaire subsequent to a 1-year randomized controlled trial (RCT) with high-intensity strength training for prevention and treatment of neck, shoulder, and arm pain. Being a natural experiment, the two participating companies implemented and modified the initial training program in different ways during the subsequent 2 years after the RCT.Results. At 3-year follow-up the pain reduction in neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist achieved during the first year was largely maintained at both companies. However, the private sector company was rated significantly better than the public sector company in (1) training adherence, (2) training culture, that is, relatively more employees trained at the workplace and with colleagues, (3) self-reported health changes, and (4) prevention of neck and wrist pain development among initially pain-free employees.Conclusions. This natural experiment shows that strength training can be implemented successfully at different companies during working hours on a long-term basis with lasting effects on pain in neck, shoulder, and arm.

scholarly journals Long-Term Testosterone Supplementation in Older Men Attenuates Age-Related Decline in Aerobic Capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2861-2869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinna Traustadóttir ◽  
S Mitchell Harman ◽  
Panayiotis Tsitouras ◽  
Karol M Pencina ◽  
Zhuoying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Context Testosterone increases skeletal muscle mass and strength, but long-term effects of testosterone supplementation on aerobic capacity, or peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak), in healthy older men with low testosterone have not been evaluated. Objective To determine the effects of testosterone supplementation on V̇O2peak during incremental cycle ergometry. Design A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial (Testosterone’s Effects on Atherosclerosis Progression in Aging Men). Setting Exercise physiology laboratory. Participants Healthy men aged ≥ 60 years with total testosterone levels of 100 to 400 ng/dL (3.5 to 13.9 nmol/L) or free testosterone levels < 50 pg/mL (174 pmol/L). Interventions Randomization to 1% transdermal testosterone gel adjusted to achieve serum levels of 500 to 950 ng/dL or placebo applied daily for 3 years. Main Outcome Measures Change in V̇O2peak. Results Mean (±SD) baseline V̇O2peak was 24.2 ± 5.2 and 23.6 ± 5.6 mL/kg/min for testosterone and placebo, respectively. V̇O2peak did not change in men treated with testosterone but fell significantly in men receiving placebo (average 3-year decrease, 0.88 mL/kg/min; 95% CI, −1.39 to 0.38 mL/kg/min; P = 0.035); the difference in change in V̇O2peak between groups was significant (average 3-year difference, 0.91 mL/kg/min; 95% CI, 0.010 to 0.122 mL/kg/min; P = 0.008). The 1-g/dL mean increase in hemoglobin (P < 0.001) was significantly associated with changes in V̇O2peak in testosterone-treated men. Conclusion The mean 3-year change in V̇O2peak was significantly smaller in men treated with testosterone than in men receiving placebo and was associated with increases in hemoglobin. The difference in V̇O2peak change between groups may indicate attenuation of its expected age-related decline; the clinical meaningfulness of the modest treatment effect remains to be determined.

Potential for strength and endurance training to amplify endurance performance

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 2285-2290 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Hickson ◽  
B. A. Dvorak ◽  
E. M. Gorostiaga ◽  
T. T. Kurowski ◽  
C. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Heavy Resistance Training ◽  
The Impact

The impact of adding heavy-resistance training to increase leg-muscle strength was studied in eight cycling- and running-trained subjects who were already at a steady-state level of performance. Strength training was performed 3 days/wk for 10 wk, whereas endurance training remained constant during this phase. After 10 wk, leg strength was increased by an average of 30%, but thigh girth and biopsied vastus lateralis muscle fiber areas (fast and slow twitch) and citrate synthase activities were unchanged. Maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) was also unchanged by heavy-resistance training during cycling (55 ml.kg-1.min-1) and treadmill running (60 ml.kg-1.min-1); however, short-term endurance (4-8 min) was increased by 11 and 13% (P less than 0.05) during cycling and running, respectively. Long-term cycling to exhaustion at 80% VO2max increased from 71 to 85 min (P less than 0.05) after the addition of strength training, whereas long-term running (10 km times) results were inconclusive. These data do not demonstrate any negative performance effects of adding heavy-resistance training to ongoing endurance-training regimens. They indicate that certain types of endurance performance, particularly those requiring fast-twitch fiber recruitment, can be improved by strength-training supplementation.

Short and Long-Term Effects of a Simple-Strength-Training Program on Injuries Among Elite U-19 Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Javier Raya-González ◽  
Luis Suarez-Arrones ◽  
Javier Sanchez-Sanchez ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Fabio Y. Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

A 1-Year Follow-Up on Effects of Exercise Programs on Well-Being in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Solberg ◽  
Hallgeir Halvari ◽  
Yngvar Ommundsen ◽  
Will G. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of three types of training on well-being and frequency of physical activity and to determine whether preintervention motivation moderates the effects.Methods:Sixty-two older adults (M = 75 years old, SD = 5; 61% women) completed 4-mo programs of endurance, functional or strength training, with reassessment of well-being (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, vitality) and physical activity 12 mo later.Results:All groups showed small improvements in most measures of well-being at 4 mo. At follow-up, endurance training still had small beneficial effects, while changes with functional and strength training were generally trivial or harmful. Analysis for moderators indicated that autonomously motivated individuals better maintained gains in well-being and had higher frequencies of physical activity at follow-up compared with controlled individuals.Conclusion:Endurance training is recommended for older adults, but the long-term outcomes depend on the individual’s motivational regulation at commencement.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
D.E. Loudy ◽  
J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽  
J.T. Yarrington ◽  
F.Y. Thompson ◽  
J.P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document