Green separation of lanthanum, cerium and nickel from waste nickel metal hydride battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia J.R. Vargas ◽  
Nicolas Schaeffer ◽  
Jamille C. Souza ◽  
Luis H.M. da Silva ◽  
Maria C. Hespanhol
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride Battery ◽  
Green Separation ◽  
Hydride Battery

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Pressure Influence on the Confined Turbulent Boundary Layer Flashback Process

Fluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Endres ◽  
Thomas Sattelmayer
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Separation Zone ◽  
Turbulent Flame ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Flame Speed ◽  
Zone Size ◽  
Detailed Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Turbulent Flame Speed ◽  
Quenching Distance

Boundary layer flashback from the combustion chamber into the premixing section is a threat associated with the premixed combustion of hydrogen-containing fuels in gas turbines. In this study, the effect of pressure on the confined flashback behaviour of hydrogen-air flames was investigated numerically. This was done by means of large eddy simulations with finite rate chemistry as well as detailed chemical kinetics and diffusion models at pressures between 0 . 5 and 3 . It was found that the flashback propensity increases with increasing pressure. The separation zone size and the turbulent flame speed at flashback conditions decrease with increasing pressure, which decreases flashback propensity. At the same time the quenching distance decreases with increasing pressure, which increases flashback propensity. It is not possible to predict the occurrence of boundary layer flashback based on the turbulent flame speed or the ratio of separation zone size to quenching distance alone. Instead the interaction of all effects has to be accounted for when modelling boundary layer flashback. It was further found that the pressure rise ahead of the flame cannot be approximated by one-dimensional analyses and that the assumptions of the boundary layer theory are not satisfied during confined boundary layer flashback.

Occurrence of Bubbles in a Thin Wire at Low Reynolds Number

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Separation Zone ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Cavitation Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laminar Separation ◽  
Low Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Thin Wires ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Reynolds ◽  
Air Diffusion

Thin wires of various diameters from 0.07 to 0.7 mm are examined about appearances and characteristics of bubble occurrence behind them in the range of low Reynolds numbers. The appearance of bubbles is very dependent on diameters of wires. Two different types of bubbles can be observed in the present experiment. One is a streamer-type bubble for smaller wires and the other is a small unspherical bubble for larger wires. The incipient and the desinent values of cavitation number also change greatly with the bubble types. The streamer-type bubble is related to the presence of laminar separation zone and the growth due to air diffusion. The small unspherical bubble can be mainly attributed to the motion of rolled-up vortices and the growth due to vaporization.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Flow Over a Rectangular Broad-Crested Weir with a Sloped Upstream Face

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Mingjun Diao ◽  
Haomiao Sun ◽  
Yu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Separation Zone ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Upstream Face ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the upstream angle on flow over a trapezoidal broad-crested weir based on numerical simulations using the open-source toolbox OpenFOAM. Eight trapezoidal broad-crested weir configurations with different upstream face angles (θ = 10°, 15°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°) were investigated under free-flow conditions. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method and two turbulence models (the standard k-ε model and the SST k-w model) were employed in the numerical simulations. The numerical results were compared with the experimental results obtained from published papers. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical results. The statistical results show that RMSE and MAPE values of the standard k-ε model are 0.35–0.67% and 0.50–1.48%, respectively; the RMSE and MAPE values of the SST k-w model are 0.25–0.66% and 0.55–1.41%, respectively. Additionally, the effects of the upstream face angle on the flow features, including the discharge coefficient and the flow separation zone, were also discussed in the present study.

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