The Relationship Between the Changes in Local Stiffness of Chicken Myofibril and the Tenderness of Muscle During Postmortem Aging

2009 ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Iwasaki ◽  
Y. Hasegawa ◽  
K. Yamamoto ◽  
K. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
Local Stiffness ◽  
The Relationship

Impact of Shaft Coaxiality on the Local Stiffness of Angular Contact Ball Bearing

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 1026-1030
Author(s):  
Zhen Huan Ye ◽  
Li Qin Wang ◽  
Chuan Wei Zhang ◽  
Le Gu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Method ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Bearing Stiffness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Local Stiffness ◽  
The Relationship

Semi-dynamic method is employed to calculate the local stiffness of angular contact ball bearing, accounting for the influence of geometrical deflects caused by shaft coaxiality in the process of bearing assemble. The effect of coaxiality on the bearing deflect is computed, and the relationship of local bearing stiffness to coaxiality is analyzed.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-mediated analysis of the relationship between proteomic changes and yak longissimus lumborum tenderness over the course of postmortem storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayuan Yang ◽  
Jieyuan Yang ◽  
Jibing Ma ◽  
Qunli Yu ◽  
Ling Han
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractTo identify differentially expressed proteins associated with energy metabolism and tenderness during the postmortem aging of yak longissimus lumborum muscle samples, we collected tissue samples from yaks raised at different altitudes. At 12 h post-slaughter, we identified 290 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in these samples, whereas 436 such DEPs were detected after 72 h. Identified DEPs were clustered into four main functional categories: cell structural proteins, glycogen metabolic proteins, energy reserve metabolic proteins, and cellular polysaccharide metabolic proteins. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins were associated with carbon metabolism, glycolysis, and the biosynthesis of amino acids. Our functional insights regarding these identified proteins contribute to a more detailed molecular understanding of the processes of energy metabolism in yak muscle tissue, and represent a valuable resource for future investigations.

scholarly journals Effects of Marbling and Postmortem Aging on Consumer Assessment of United States Lamb Loin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Phelps ◽  
Andrea Garmyn ◽  
J. C. Brooks ◽  
Gretchen Mafi ◽  
Susan Duckett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
High Good ◽  
Consumer Assessment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Consumer sensory analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of three marbling categories [LOW, Intermediate (MED), and HIGH] and 2 postmortem aging categories (21 d and 42 d) on the palatability of lamb loin chops as determined by U.S. consumers and to determine the relationship between marbling, flank streaking, intramuscular fat percentage (IMF), and palatability traits. Marbling and aging did not interact to affect any of the scores for palatability attributes, their acceptances, or the frequency of their overall eating quality classifications (P < 0.05). Consumers rated HIGH treatments (P < 0.05) as more tender, juicier, and with greater flavor liking and overall liking than MED or LOW, which were similar for all traits (P > 0.05). Aging also influenced (P < 0.05) all traits, as consumers scored 21 d samples greater for all palatability traits than their 42 d counterparts. A greater (P < 0.05) percentage of consumers categorized 42 d samples as ‘unsatisfactory’ and fewer as ‘better than everyday’ or ‘premium quality’ than 21 d samples. A larger proportion of consumers categorized HIGH samples as ‘premium quality’ than MED or LOW and fewer called HIGH ‘good everyday quality’ compared to MED (P < 0.05). Flank streaking, marbling score, and IMF were all influenced (P < 0.01) by marbling category in a linear fashion. Increasing marbling score, more so than flank streaking, was positively linked to increasing eating quality scores. Also, tenderness, juiciness and flavor liking are major drivers for consumer sensory scores for overall liking, with flavor liking having the strongest relationship to overall liking of lamb. Overall, consumers preferred HIGH marbling over LOW and MED marbling loin chops, but had difficulty distinguishing between LOW and MED. Furthermore, extending postmortem aging of lamb loin from 21 to 42 d reduced scores for eating quality traits.

INTRAMUSCULAR COLLAGEN CONTENT AND SOLUBILITY: THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO TENDERNESS AND ALTERATION BY POSTMORTEM AGING

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. JEREMIAH ◽  
A. H. MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Postmortem Aging ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
H 20

A total of 108 longissimus dorsi (LD) and 36 semitendinosus (ST) muscles from predominantly 1/2- or 3/4-blood Charolais, Simmental or Chianina cattle ranging in chronological age from 11 to 15 mo and with carcass weights of approximately 270 kg were utilized to evaluate the effects of postmortem aging upon tenderness and intramuscular collagen content and solubility. The relationship of tenderness to intramuscular collagen content and solubility after various intervals of postmortem aging, and interrelationships of intramuscular collagen contents and solubilities among muscles were also examined. In general, the results of this study failed to provide direct evidence that up to 480 h (20 days) of postmortem aging significantly altered intramuscular collagen content or solubility in the LD or ST muscles. The results also failed to provide evidence of a significant relationship between intramuscular collagen content or solubility and shear force values in beef carcasses with chronological ages, carcass weights, and breeding similar to those evaluated. Furthermore, no significant relationships between intramuscular collagen contents and solubilities of different muscles were detected.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

Tinkering with cognitive gadgets: Cultural evolutionary psychology meets active inference

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Benjamin Badcock ◽  
Axel Constant ◽  
Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Active Inference ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Cognitive Faculties ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cognitive Gadgets offers a new, convincing perspective on the origins of our distinctive cognitive faculties, coupled with a clear, innovative research program. Although we broadly endorse Heyes’ ideas, we raise some concerns about her characterisation of evolutionary psychology and the relationship between biology and culture, before discussing the potential fruits of examining cognitive gadgets through the lens of active inference.

Radiation Damage, Contrast and Statistics in High Resolution Biological Electron Microscopy

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Particle Flux ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Resolution Image ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Counting Statistics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Picture Element

It is well known that a large flux of electrons must pass through a specimen in order to obtain a high resolution image while a smaller particle flux is satisfactory for a low resolution image. The minimum particle flux that is required depends upon the contrast in the image and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio at which the data are considered acceptable. For a given S/N associated with statistical fluxtuations, the relationship between contrast and “counting statistics” is s131_eqn1, where C = contrast; r2 is the area of a picture element corresponding to the resolution, r; N is the number of electrons incident per unit area of the specimen; f is the fraction of electrons that contribute to formation of the image, relative to the total number of electrons incident upon the object.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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