Cognitive Impairments, HCI and Daily Living

2009 ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Keates ◽  
James Kozloski ◽  
Philip Varker
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Impairments

Functional performance in activities of daily living of individuals with a dual-diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance-use disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1367-1367
Author(s):  
M. Desormeaux-Lefebvre ◽  
B. Tallant ◽  
I. Gelinas ◽  
N. Lariviere
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Addiction Severity Index ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Cross Sectional

IntroductionResearch on functional performance of individuals with schizophrenia and substance use is limited, focusing primarily on cognitive impairments. Research findings are conflicting, making it difficult to understand how these individuals function despite their cognitive impairments. There is a need to use performance-based assessments to understand how individuals with a dual-diagnosis accomplish their daily living activities.AimsTo describe the functional performance of individuals with a dual-diagnosis in two activities of daily living, using a performance-based assessment.ObjectivesTo compare the functional performance of individuals with a dual-diagnosis, in grocery shopping and budgeting.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study included ten participants with a dual-diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance-use disorder, aged 21 to 35, living independently in the community. They were evaluated on two tasks, budgeting and grocery shopping, using the Perceive-Recall-Plan-Perform (PRPP) system of task analysis (Chapparo & Ranka, 2005). The PRPP is a standardized criterion-referenced task-based assessment, and is valuable in describing individuals’ community functioning with regards to information-processing difficulties. Substance use was evaluated with the Addiction Severity Index (McLellan et al., 1989).ResultsPreliminary results indicate lower scores on both tasks, in the planning quadrant of the PRPP, particularly the evaluating sub-quadrant, which involves cognitive monitoring and appraisal processes. This trend occurs despite the participant's prior familiarity with tasks. Conclusions: This study is a first step in describing the functional performance of individuals with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance use in activities of daily living. This information will lead to improved rehabilitation for these clients.

scholarly journals Fear of Falling and Cognitive Impairments in Elderly People with Hip Fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Kasai ◽  
Kenichi Meguro ◽  
Hiroshi Ozawa ◽  
Keiichi Kumai ◽  
Hideki Imaizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Covariate Effects ◽  
Physical Functions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the estimated prevalence of dementia and the relationship between cognitive impairment and fear of falling in patients with hip fractures. Methods: Analysis 1 included 100 patients with hip fractures. Analysis 2 included a subgroup of subjects with ≥75 years of functional independence: 46 patients with hip fractures and 46 control subjects without hip fractures, and presence or absence of dementia. We used an informant-rated questionnaire including the AD8 for screening for dementia, the Barthel Index for assessing activities of daily living, and the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) for assessing fear of falling. Results: The estimated prevalence of dementia was 66% in patients with hip fractures. There were significant fracture and dementia effects, with significant covariate effects of age and gender on the Short FES-I scores. Conclusion: Our results suggested that more than two-thirds of patients with hip fractures had dementia. Fear of falling may reflect not only physical functions but also cognitive impairments.

Dementia disorders: an overview

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Zahn ◽  
Alistair Burns
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
Wide Range

• Dementia is a clinical syndrome which comprises three domains: cognitive impairments, behavioural symptoms and impairments of activities of daily living• Dementia may be caused by a wide range of brain disorders and systemic conditions. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia...

scholarly journals Comorbid vision and cognitive impairments in older adults hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2235042X2094049
Author(s):  
Heather E Whitson ◽  
Alexandra M Hajduk ◽  
Xuemei Song ◽  
Mary Geda ◽  
Sui Tsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes

Older patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) often have comorbidities. Our objective was to examine how outcomes differ by cognitive and vision status in older AMI patients. We use data from a prospective cohort study conducted at 94 hospitals in the United States between January 2013 and October 2016 that enrolled men and women aged ≥75 years with AMI. Cognitive impairment (CI) was defined as telephone interview for cognitive status (TICS) score <27; vision impairment (VI) and activities of daily living (ADLs) were assessed by questionnaire. Of 2988 senior AMI patients, 260 (8.7%) had CI but no VI, 858 (28.7%) had VI but no CI, and 251 (8.4%) had both CI/VI. Patients in the VI/CI group were most likely to exhibit geriatric syndromes. More severe VI was associated with lower (worse) scores on the TICS ( β −1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) −1.87 to −1.18). In adjusted models, compared to participants with neither impairment, participants with VI/CI were more likely to die (hazard ratio 1.61, 95% CI 1.10–2.37) and experience ADL decline (odds ratio 2.11, 95% CI 1.39–3.21) at 180 days. Comorbid CIs and VIs were associated with high rates of death and worsening disability after discharge among seniors hospitalized for AMI. Future research should evaluate protocols to accommodate these impairments during AMI presentations and optimize decision-making and outcomes.

scholarly journals Measuring global functioning in older adults with cognitive impairments using the Rasch model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Palumbo ◽  
Alberto Di Domenico ◽  
Federica Piras ◽  
Salvatore Bazzano ◽  
Mario Zerilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Functional Measures ◽  
The Rasch Model

Abstract Background Cognitive and functional measures are often measured and interpreted separately during the clinical evaluation of patients with cognitive impairment. This can sometimes lead to a challenging interpretation when measures do not show concordance, especially after a clinical intervention. In this study, the development and evaluation of a new approach, using the Rasch model, that combines cognitive and functional measures in one single and more powerful measure (compared to stand-alone tests) to assess global functioning in older adults with cognitive impairment (including dementia) was presented. Methods Clinical data from 265 older adults’ subjects diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, or dementia, included: The Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the Esame Neuropsicologico Breve (ENB) – a neuropsychological battery used in Italy–, the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires. Results Patients with severe cognitive impairment showed lower global functioning score compared to patients with moderate impairment. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to determine sensitivity and specificity of the global functioning score resulting from the combined measure. Results showed that the global functioning score discriminates better between patients with severe and moderate cognitive impairment compared to the ENB, ADL, and IADL when considered separately. Conclusions The Rasch model was able to combine cognitive and functional measures into a single score (global functioning score). All together, these results suggest that the diverse cognitive and functional measures can be considered part of one single dimension (global functioning) and that this dimension can be measured as a single construct and score. This study offers an alternative perspective for future development of instruments that would help clinicians in measuring global functioning in older adults’ patients at different stages of cognitive impairments and different baseline level of performance.

scholarly journals Cognitive impairments and impact on activities of daily living after minor stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. e71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippine Dassonville ◽  
Stuart Nash ◽  
Valérie Servajean ◽  
Monique Sanchez ◽  
Stéphanie Mazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Minor Stroke
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