Abductive Reasoning: Philosophical and Educational Perspectives in Medicine

1992 ◽  
pp. 21-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Magnani
Keyword(s):  
Abductive Reasoning

Online Third Places: Supporting Well-Being Through Identifying and Managing Unintended Consequences

2021 ◽  
pp. 109467052110188
Author(s):  
Joy Parkinson ◽  
Lisa Schuster ◽  
Rory Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Consumer Empowerment ◽  
Online Service ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place

Unintended consequences of service are important yet infrequently examined in transformative service research. This research examines an online service community that transformed into an online third place, with consumers socializing and forming lasting relationships. Using practice-informed theory-building and an abductive reasoning approach, findings are presented from both manual and automated coding of three qualitative data sets that form the basis of a case study examining an online weight management service forum. Extending beyond current conceptualizations of the third place, this study is the first to propose a framework delineating online third place characteristics and their impact on consumers’ eudaimonic (the capacity for self-realization) and hedonic (attainment of pleasure and avoidance of pain) well-being. Findings show that in the absence of a physical or virtual servicescape, social factors including social density, equity, and personalization are key to constructing an online third place that supports well-being through building social connections and enjoyment. The new framework provides guidance for service managers to transform their online service communities into online third places to support consumer well-being and to identify and manage potential unintended consequences, for example, by ensuring segmentation of the community based on consumer groups’ shared interests and consumer empowerment through participation.

scholarly journals Creative leaps in theory: the might of abduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Veen
Keyword(s):  
Health Professions ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Health Professions Education ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World

AbstractThis paper argues that abductive reasoning has a central place in theorizing Health Professions Education. At the root of abduction lies a fundamental debate: How do we connect practice, which is always singular and unique, with theory, which describes the world in terms of rules, generalizations, and universals? While abduction was initially seen as the ‘poor cousin’ of deduction and induction, ultimately it has something important to tell us about the role of imagination and humility in theorizing Health Professions Education. It is that which makes theory possible, because it allows us to ask what might be the case and calls attention to the role of creative leaps in theory. Becoming aware of the abductive reasoning we already perform in our research allows us to take the role of imagination—something rarely associated with theory—seriously.

Peirce on learning and teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried Nöth
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Philosophy Of Education ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Theory Of Education ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Semiotic Theory

Abstract The paper is a precis of C. S. Peirce’s semiotic theory of education. It presents this theory of learning and teaching from the perspective of Peirce’s phenomenological categories of Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness. In the domain of Thirdness, learning is mediation between ignorance and knowledge, new information and old knowledge. Teaching has its focus on laws, symbols, legisigns, and reasoning. In the domain of Secondness, learners acquire new knowledge from the “hard realities” of real-life experience, from obstacles, and from the resistance caused by error and doubt. Teaching takes place by means of sinsigns (singular signs) and indexical signs. In the domain of Firstness, the learner acquires familiarity with the sensory qualities of objects of experience and learns from free associations, imagination, and acts of creativity. The instruments of teaching are qualisigns, icons, and abductive reasoning. The paper concludes that Peirce’s philosophy of education is holistic insofar as it states that most efficient signs are those signs in which “the iconic, indicative, and symbolic characters are blended as equally as possible.”

Abductive Reasoning: How Innovators Navigate in the Labyrinth of Complex Product Innovation

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle D. Dunne ◽  
Deborah Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Complex Product

scholarly journals Explicating concepts in reasoning from function to form by two-step innovative abductions

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Kroll ◽  
Lauri Koskela
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Design Reasoning

AbstractThe mechanism of design reasoning from function to form is suggested to consist of a two-step inference of the innovative abduction type. First is an inference from a desired functional aspect to an idea, concept, or solution principle to satisfy the function. This is followed by a second innovative abduction, from the latest concept to form, structure, or mechanism. The intermediate entity in the logical reasoning, the concept, is thus made explicit, which is significant in following and understanding a specific design process, for educating designers, and to build a logic-based computational model of design. The idea of a two-step abductive reasoning process is developed from the critical examination of several propositions made by others. We use the notion of innovative abduction in design, as opposed to such abduction where the question is about selecting among known alternatives, and we adopt a previously proposed two-step process of abductive reasoning. However, our model is different in that the two abductions used follow the syllogistic pattern of innovative abduction. In addition to using a schematic example from the literature to demonstrate our derivation, we apply the model to an existing, empirically derived method of conceptual design called “parameter analysis” and use two examples of real design processes. The two synthetic steps of the method are shown to follow the proposed double innovative abduction scheme, and the design processes are presented as sequences of double abductions from function to concept and from concept to form, with a subsequent deductive evaluation step.

Abduction, Imagination, and Science

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-345
Author(s):  
Michael DeVito ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Cognitive Faculties ◽  
Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism

In this essay, I argue that developments in Alvin Plantinga’s evolutionary argument against naturalism—specifically, Thomas Crisp’s argument against a naturalistic metaphysics—have likely undermined the project of science for naturalists who are scientific realists. Scientific theorizing requires the use of abductive reasoning. A central component of abductive reasoning is the use of one’s imagination. However, Crisp’s argument provides us reason to doubt the trustworthiness of our cognitive faculties as it relates to the imaginative abilities necessary for complex abductive reasoning.

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