Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) and Judas Tree (Cercis siliquastrum L.)

1991 ◽  
pp. 142-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Geneve
Keyword(s):  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Eastern Redbud

scholarly journals Differences in Leaf Cuticle Structure and Efficacy among Eastern Redbud and Mexican Redbud Phenotypes

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy L. Tipton ◽  
Marcia White
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Area Basis ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Mass Basis

The objective of this study was to compare the structure and efficacy in terms of retarding cuticular transpiration of leaf cuticles from eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) and dull-leaf and glossy-leaf Mexican redbud [Cercis canadensis var. mexicana (Rose) M. Hopk.]. Leaves of Mexican redbud exhibited several xeromorphic characteristics compared to eastern redbud: a smaller, thicker leaf with thicker cuticles, more cuticular wax, a higher specific leaf mass, and greater hydrated water content on a leaf area basis. Mexican redbuds with a glossy leaf differed from those with a dull leaf only in a thicker adaxial cuticle lacking wax crystallite on the surface. Epicuticular wax crystallite were present on the abaxial surface of all leaves examined. Detached leaves of eastern redbud had a higher water loss rate than those of Mexican redbud only on a dry mass basis, not on a leaf area basis. There was no difference in the rate of water loss by detached leaves of glossy-leaf and dull-leaf Mexican redbuds after 4 hours.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of White Flowering Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. alba L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
S. Yusnita ◽  
R. L. Geneve ◽  
S. T. Kester
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Being Moved

Abstract A white flowering Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis var. alba L.) has been successfully micropropagated. Two node explants collected from the initial flush of spring growth were cultured on woody plant medium (WPM). Increased shoot multiplication occurred at 10,15 and 20 μM (2.3, 3.4 and 4.5 ppm) benzyladenine (BA). Microshoots were rooted in vitro on half strength WPM with a 15-day treatment of 100 and 300 μM (18.6 and 55.9 ppm) α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 100 and 300 μM (20.3 and 60.9 ppm) indolebutyric acid (IBA) prior to being moved to full strength WPM without growth regulators. Percentage rooting and the mean number of roots per cutting were comparable between NAA and IBA treated microcuttings, however, the subsequent root morphology differed between the two treatments. NAA treated plants developed a coarse, unbranched root system, while IBA treated cuttings developed a more desireable fine, branched root system. Rooted microshoots were successfully acclimated to greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Long-Lasting Insecticide Netting for Protecting Tree Stems from Attack by Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Ranger ◽  
Christopher T. Werle ◽  
Peter B. Schultz ◽  
Karla M. Addesso ◽  
Jason B. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Conditions ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Junction Trees ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Wood Boring ◽  
Xylosandrus Germanus

Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are destructive wood-boring insects of horticultural trees. We evaluated long-lasting insecticide netting for protecting stems against ambrosia beetles. Container-grown eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis, trees were flood-stressed to induce ambrosia beetle attacks, and deltamethrin-treated netting was wrapped from the base of the stem vertically to the branch junction. Trees were deployed under field conditions in Ohio, Virginia, Tennessee, and Mississippi with the following treatments: (1) flooded tree; (2) flooded tree with untreated netting; (3) flooded tree with treated ‘standard mesh’ netting of 24 holes/cm2; (4) flooded tree with treated ‘fine mesh’ netting of 28 holes/cm2; and/or (5) non-flooded tree. Treated netting reduced attacks compared to untreated netting and/or unprotected trees in Mississippi in 2017, Ohio and Tennessee in 2018, and Virginia in 2017–2018. Inconsistent effects occurred in Mississippi in 2018. Fewer Anisandrus maiche, Xylosandrus germanus, and Xyleborinus saxesenii were dissected from trees deployed in Ohio protected with treated netting compared to untreated netting; trees deployed in other locations were not dissected. These results indicate long-lasting insecticide netting can provide some protection of trees from ambrosia beetle attacks.

scholarly journals SSR Markers Reveal the Genetic Diversity of Asian Cercis Taxa at the U.S. National Arboretum

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra S. Thammina ◽  
David L. Kidwell-Slak ◽  
Stefan Lura ◽  
Margaret R. Pooler
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
The U.S

The redbud (Cercis L. species) is a popular landscape plant grown widely in the United States. There are more than 20 cultivars of eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) and at least three cultivars of Asian taxa (primarily Cercis chinensis Bunge) in the trade. The U.S. National Arboretum (USNA) has a diverse collection of Cercis germplasm collected in North America and Asia. Fourteen genomic simple sequence repeat (genomic-SSR) markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 53 accessions of Asian Cercis taxa from our collection, including C. chinensis, Cercis chingii Chun, Cercis gigantea ined., Cercis glabra Pamp., Cercis racemosa Oliv., and Cercis yunnanensis Hu and W. C. Cheng. SSR markers detected an average of 5.7 alleles per locus with a range of two to nine alleles. A dendrogram was generated by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis using the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Four major clusters were identified. Accessions tended to group by taxa or provenance, but with some notable exceptions caused either by misidentification or nomenclatural confusion in the species. This information will be used for collection management and for making decisions in the breeding program to maximize genetic diversity of cultivated Cercis.

Plant Source and Seed Parasitism Influence Seed Viability in Redbud (Cercis spp.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
M. Shea Carrington
Keyword(s):  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Seed Parasitism ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Seed Beetles ◽  
Preferred Hosts

Eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis L., trees are difficult to vegetatively propagate. Named cultivars of Eastern redbud do not grow “true” from seeds forcing growers to invest resources to graft buds or scions onto seed-grown liners. Whereas the unnamed North American native Eastern redbud trees produce large numbers of easily-collected seedpods that contain abundant numbers of seeds, these seeds are frequently infested with seed-parasitic beetles and associated wasp parasitoids. Of the redbuds investigated, we found that unnamed Eastern redbuds were preferred hosts for redbud seed beetles, Gibbobruchus mimus (Say). However, named and unnamed redbud types as well as C. chinensis ‘Avondale’ were suitable hosts for G. mimus. In addition, several new wasp parasitoids were recovered from seeds although it was not apparent whether these were attacking seed endosperm, G. mimus, or both. A float test successfully discriminated dead or infested seeds from seeds that were mostly viable. The majority of seeds that floated were empty, dead or infested. Growers can optimize seed collection efficiency by screening native Eastern redbud seeds for size and subjecting seeds to a float test thereby minimizing time, labor and land resources that would otherwise be expended for preparation and maintenance of fields planted with potentially nonviable seeds.

scholarly journals VERTICILLIUM WILT INFECTION IN CERCIS CANADENSIS.

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 706B-706
Author(s):  
Michael R. Spafford ◽  
Gary J. Kling
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
One Year ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Soil Borne Fungi

Cercis canadensis, Eastern Redbud, is very Cercis canadensis, Eastern Redbud, is very susceptible to infection by Verticillium Wilt caused bysusceotible to infection by Verticillium Wilt caused by the common soil-borne fungi Verticillium albo-atrum and Verticillium dahliae. Little is known about the inoculum levels, the time required for natural infection to occur and how fast the pathogen travels inside the host species. One-year-old Cercis canadensis seedlings were planted in 7.6 liter (2-gallon) containers with a 1:1:2 soil/sand/perlite mix inoculated with five levels (0, 10, 100, 500, and 1000 microsclerotia/g soil) of V. dahliae prior to planting. At the end of the first growing season, half of the plants were removed from the containers, surface sterilized, dissected and root sections plated out on a Verticillium selective media. The remaining plants were grown for a second season. Infection first occurred in plants which received 100, 500 or 1000 ms/g at the end of the first season. The infection had spread at least 5 cm during the first growing season.

scholarly journals Pest Resistance in Redbud

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 767C-767
Author(s):  
Sanford Eigenbrode ◽  
Jimmy Tipton
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Wax Content ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Altered Lipid ◽  
Wax Crystals ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Resistance To Penetration

Mexican redbud (Cercis canadensis var. mexicana) exhibits resistance to leaf cutter bees (Megachile spp., LCB). Resistant trees (CMG) have glossy leaves and sustain little LCB damage as compared to dull-leaf Mexican redbud (CMD) and the closely related eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis, CC). On average, LCB made 35 times as many cuts per week on CC as on CMG and CMD, even though there were half as many leaves available. Mexican redbud leaves are twice as thick as CC leaves, which may account for LCB preference for the latter. However, leaves from CMG and CMD are similar in leaf thickness, cuticle wax content, and resistance to penetration, yet LCB had an even stronger preference for the former. More than 83 times as many cuts per week were made on CMD over CMG, even though the number of leaves was comparable. CMG leaves have a thicker cuticle on the upper surface that lacks wax crystals present in the CMD and CC. The upper cuticle from CMG leaves also contains fewer lipids and an altered lipid composition (notably fewer long-chain alcohols) compared to CMD.

scholarly journals Inheritance and allelism of morphological traits in eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Roberts ◽  
Dennis J Werner ◽  
Phillip A Wadl ◽  
Robert N Trigiano
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Eastern Redbud

scholarly journals Seed Dormancy in Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis)

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Geneve
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Eastern Redbud

Seed dormancy in Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis var. canadensis L.) can be overcome by seedcoat scarification to allow water imbibition, followed by chilling stratification to permit germination. During chilling stratification, there was an increase in the growth potential of the embryo as indicated by the ability of the isolated embryo to germinate in osmotic solutions. Penetration resistance of the testa also decreased after chilling stratification. The combination of seedcoat alteration and the increase in embryonic growth potential was associated with overcoming dormancy in redbud seed. GA3 or ethephon (50 μm) stimulated germination (28% and 60%, respectively) and increased the growth potential of treated embryos. Chemical names used: gibberellic acid (GA3), (2-chloroethyl) phosphoric acid (ethephon).

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