Molecular Detection of Resistance and Transfer Genes in Environmental Samples

2011 ◽  
pp. 163-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Grohmann ◽  
Karsten Arends
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Transfer Genes

scholarly journals Molecular detection of marine nematodes from environmental samples: overcoming eukaryotic interference

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Bhadury ◽  
MC Austen ◽  
DT Bilton ◽  
PJD Lambshead ◽  
AD Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Marine Nematodes

scholarly journals Distribution, Diversity, and Potential Mobility of Extrachromosomal Elements Related to the Bacillus anthracis pXO1 and pXO2 Virulence Plasmids

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 3016-3028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Hu ◽  
G�raldine Van der Auwera ◽  
Sophie Timmery ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
Jacques Mahillon
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Large Plasmid ◽  
Virulence Plasmids ◽  
Extrachromosomal Elements ◽  
Transfer Genes ◽  
Potential Mobility ◽  
Transfer Potential

ABSTRACT The presence of a pXO1- and/or pXO2-like plasmid(s) in clinical isolates of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto and in strains of the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis has been reported recently, and the pXO2-like plasmid pBT9727 and another pXO2-like plasmid, pAW63, were found to be conjugative. In this study, a total of 1,000 B. cereus group isolates were analyzed for the presence of pXO1- and pXO2-like replicons and for the presence of pXO2-related conjugative modules. pXO1- and pXO2-like replicons were present in ca. 6.6% and 7.7% of random environmental samples, respectively, and ca. 1.54% of the strains were positive for pXO2-like transfer module genes. Only the strains harboring a pXO2-like replicon also contained the corresponding transfer genes. For the strains which contained a pXO1- and/or pXO2-like replicon(s), a large plasmid(s) whose size was similar to that of pXO1-like and/or pXO2-like plasmids was also observed, but none of these isolates were found to carry the Bacillus anthracis toxin or capsule virulence genes. Furthermore, 17 of 22 pXO2-like plasmids containing the transfer modules were able to self-transfer and to mobilize small plasmids. No pXO1- or pXO2-like plasmid lacking the cognate transfer modules has been found to have transfer potential. In the strains possessing the putative pXO2-like conjugative apparatus, variations in the presence of the group II introns B.th.I.1 and B.th.I.2 were observed, suggesting that there is important flexibility in the conjugation modules and their regulation. There was no consistent correlation between a pXO2-like repA dendrogram and the presence of the tra region or between a virB4 dendrogram and transfer ability. Discrepancies between pXO2-like repA and virB4 dendrograms were also observed, indicating that the evolution of pXO2 is an active process.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Viable Bacterial Pathogens in Water by Ratiometric Pre-rRNA Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 960-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard A. Cangelosi ◽  
Kris M. Weigel ◽  
Clarita Lefthand-Begay ◽  
John S. Meschke
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Dna Detection ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Viability Test ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Ratiometric pre-rRNA analysis (RPA) detects the replenishment of rRNA precursors that occurs rapidly upon nutritional stimulation of bacterial cells. In contrast to DNA detection by PCR, RPA distinguishes viable from inactivated bacteria. It exhibits promise as a molecular viability test for pathogens in water and other environmental samples.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Northern Leatherside Chub (Lepidomeda copei) DNA in Environmental Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Dysthe ◽  
Kellie J. Carim ◽  
Thomas W. Franklin ◽  
Dave Kikkert ◽  
Michael K. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Leatherside Chub

scholarly journals Advances in the Application of Aptamer Biosensors to the Detection of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Yunxia Luan ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Xiaojun Guo ◽  
Anxiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Animal Medicine

Antibiotic abuse is becoming increasingly serious and the potential for harm to human health and the environment has aroused widespread social concern. Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) are broad-spectrum antibiotics that have been widely used in clinical and animal medicine. Consequently, their residues are commonly found in animal-derived food items and the environment. A simple, rapid, and sensitive detection method for on-site screening and detection of AGs is urgently required. In recent years, with the development of molecular detection technology, nucleic acid aptamers have been successfully used as recognition molecules for the identification and detection of AGs in food and the environment. These aptamers have high affinities, selectivities, and specificities, are inexpensive, and can be produced with small batch-to-batch differences. This paper reviews the applications of aptamers for AG detection in colorimetric, fluorescent, chemiluminescent, surface plasmon resonance, and electrochemical sensors for the analysis in food and environmental samples. This study provides useful references for future research.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of hepatotoxic cyanobacteria in inland water bodies of the Marmara Region, Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Latife Köker ◽  
Reyhan Akçaalan ◽  
Meriç Albay ◽  
Brett A. Neilan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Microcystin Synthetase ◽  
Toxic Cyanobacteria ◽  
Mcye Gene ◽  
Microcystin Production ◽  
Inland Water Bodies

<p>Blooms of cyanobacteria are an increasingly frequent phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems worldwide as a result of eutrophication. Many species can produce hepatotoxins that cause severe health hazards to humans. The aim of this study was to identify the bloom forming cyanobacteria species by molecular methods and to amplify genes responsible for hepatotoxin biosynthesis from the environmental samples and isolated strains of cyanobacteria from Küçükçekmece Lagoon, Sapanca, İznik, Manyas and Taşkısı Lakes. A total of 10 bloom samples and 11 isolated strains were examined and <em>Microcystis</em> spp., <em>Planktothrix</em> spp., <em>Nodularia</em> <em>spumigena</em>, <em>Anabaenopsis</em> <em>elenkinii</em>, <em>Sphaerospermopsis</em> <em>aphanizomenoides</em>, <em>Cylindrospermopsis</em> <em>raciborskii</em> were identified. Hepatotoxin genes were detected in 60% of the bloom samples and 45% of the strains. Two Microcystis strains were obtained from Küçükçekmece Lagoon. While the strain assigned to <em>Microcystis</em> <em>flosaquae</em> was non-toxic, <em>Microcystis</em> <em>aeruginosa</em> strain produced microcystin. According to PCR results, the <em>M. aeruginosa</em> and <em>Planktothrix</em> <em>agardhii</em> bloom samples of Küçükçekmece Lagoon contained the microcystin synthetase gene E (mcyE) indicative of microcystin production, however, no microcystin was detected by HPLC. The mcyE gene was also found in <em>Microcystis</em> <em>wesenbergii</em> isolated from Taşkısı Lake, and in all <em>Planktothrix</em> <em>rubescens</em> bloom samples from Sapanca Lake. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study for identifiying different toxic cyanobacteria species and their hepatotoxin production from several waterbodies in Turkey using molecular methods.</p>

Molecular detection of Leptospira interrogans in human tissues and environmental samples in a lethal case of leptospirosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Luchini ◽  
F. Meacci ◽  
M. R. Oggioni ◽  
G. Morabito ◽  
V. D’Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Human Tissues

scholarly journals Improved Molecular Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Mollusks and Other Environmental Samples with a Species-Specific Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-Based TaqMan Assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 5287-5289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Qvarnstrom ◽  
Ana Cristina Aramburu da Silva ◽  
John L. Teem ◽  
Robert Hollingsworth ◽  
Henry Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningitis ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Humans become infected by ingesting food items contaminated with third-stage larvae that develop in mollusks. We report the development of a real-time PCR assay for the species-specific identification of A. cantonensis in mollusk tissue.

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