scholarly journals Improved Molecular Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Mollusks and Other Environmental Samples with a Species-Specific Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-Based TaqMan Assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 5287-5289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Qvarnstrom ◽  
Ana Cristina Aramburu da Silva ◽  
John L. Teem ◽  
Robert Hollingsworth ◽  
Henry Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningitis ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Humans become infected by ingesting food items contaminated with third-stage larvae that develop in mollusks. We report the development of a real-time PCR assay for the species-specific identification of A. cantonensis in mollusk tissue.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of equine trypanosomiasis in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 942-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah D. Alanazi ◽  
Robert Puschendorf ◽  
Bashir Salim ◽  
Mohamed S. Alyousif ◽  
Ibrahim O. Alanazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Type B ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Species Specific

We conducted a cross-sectional study to detect trypanosome infections of horses and donkeys in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from 368 horses and 142 donkeys, and subjected to universal first ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1)-PCR followed by Trypanosoma evansi species–specific RoTat1.2-PCR. The universal ITS1-PCR revealed T. evansi infection in horses ( n = 12; 3.3%) and donkeys ( n = 4; 2.8%). There was no significant effect of sex or age on the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in horses or donkeys. Application of the RoTat1.2-PCR revealed that the RoTat1.2 VSG gene was absent from the positive ITS1-PCR samples of 3 horses and 1 donkey. This discrepancy could be explained by the circulation of T. evansi type B in Saudi Arabia; however, this suspicion requires confirmation.

scholarly journals Advances in the Application of Aptamer Biosensors to the Detection of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Yunxia Luan ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Xiaojun Guo ◽  
Anxiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Concern ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Animal Medicine

Antibiotic abuse is becoming increasingly serious and the potential for harm to human health and the environment has aroused widespread social concern. Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) are broad-spectrum antibiotics that have been widely used in clinical and animal medicine. Consequently, their residues are commonly found in animal-derived food items and the environment. A simple, rapid, and sensitive detection method for on-site screening and detection of AGs is urgently required. In recent years, with the development of molecular detection technology, nucleic acid aptamers have been successfully used as recognition molecules for the identification and detection of AGs in food and the environment. These aptamers have high affinities, selectivities, and specificities, are inexpensive, and can be produced with small batch-to-batch differences. This paper reviews the applications of aptamers for AG detection in colorimetric, fluorescent, chemiluminescent, surface plasmon resonance, and electrochemical sensors for the analysis in food and environmental samples. This study provides useful references for future research.

scholarly journals THE FIRST CASE OF Angiostrongylus cantonensis EOSINOPHILIC MENINGITIS DIAGNOSED IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Carvalho do Espírito-Santo ◽  
Pedro Luiz Silva Pinto ◽  
Dan Jesse Gonçalves da Mota ◽  
Ronaldo César Borges Gryschek
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningitis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
First Case ◽  
The City

Introduction:Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a natural parasite found in lung arteries of rats, which in humans may cause eosinophilic meningitis. Objective: To report the first case of eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Case report: A male patient, 11 years old, living in the southern area of São Paulo, was admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department with ongoing headaches for three days, but no fever or any other complaint. The presence of snails and rodents was reported in the peridomicile. The child was awake, lucid, oriented; muscular strength preserved, isochoric, photo reagent pupils and terminal nuchal rigidity - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) = 15. The laboratory tests showed a mild leukocytosis with 1736 eosinophils/mm3 and the CSF analysis disclosed 160 leukocytes/mm3 with 36% of eosinophils. The bacterial culture was negative. Computed Cerebral Tomography showed no alterations. The RT-PCR assay for detecting Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae and DNA was negative. ELISA antibodies for IgG anti-A. cantonensis was negative in serum and undetermined in CSF and samples collected five days after the onset of symptoms. Seroconversion was observed in the sample collected 135 days later. Conclusion: the epidemiological and clinical data, the CSF alterations with eosinophilia and the seroconversion strongly suggest Angiostrongylus cantonensis eosinophilic meningitis.

scholarly journals Combined Treatment with Interleukin-12 and Mebendazole Lessens the Severity of Experimental Eosinophilic Meningitis Caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in ICR Mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 3947-3953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yuan Du ◽  
Jiunn-Wang Liao ◽  
Chia-Kwung Fan ◽  
Kua-Eyre Su
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningitis ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Worm Recovery ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis

ABSTRACT Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the major cause of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis cases in Taiwan. Mice were orally infected with 35 infective larvae. One group of mice were given a single dose of mebendazole (20 mg/kg of body weight) per os at various times and examined at 14 days postinfection (dpi) for worm recovery rate and pathological studies. A 94 to 97% reduction in worm recovery was observed when medication was given at 4 to 5 dpi. Sections of the brains revealed that untreated infected mice developed typical severe eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Meninges of these mice were thickened by massive infiltration of eosinophils, whereas only moderate pathological change was observed in the brains of mice that were treated with mebendazole at 4 dpi. Infected mice that received daily injections of 10 ng of interleukin-12 (IL-12) only for various numbers of days also exhibited moderate pathological changes in the brain. Eosinophil infiltration in the brains of these mice was low, and severe mechanical injuries in the parenchyma were observed. Treatment with mebendazole in combination with IL-12, however, resulted in low levels of worm recovery and dramatic lessening of the eosinophilic meningitis. A reverse transcriptase PCR assay of mRNA expression in the brain also revealed that the use of IL-12 had shifted the immune response of the mouse from Th2 type to Th1 type. This study could be used in developing strategies for the treatment of human angiostrongylosis.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of Helicobasidium purpureum on carrots

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
E.G. Hough ◽  
M.B. Horner ◽  
I.J. Horner
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Causal Organism

Helicobasidium purpureum (anamorph Rhizoctonia crocorum) is the causal organism of the carrot disease violet root rot, common in the Ohakune region of New Zealand. Helicobasidium purpureum has proven a difficult organism to isolate and grow in culture, confounding diagnosis of early infections. To enable early diagnosis of the disease, a conventional PCR assay was developed with the primer sequences (HelicoPurp1 and HelicoPurp2, 101bp amplicon) targeting part of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the organism. The assay detected all 15 H. purpureum isolates collected and maintained by our laboratory in pure culture. The assay was also robust enough to detect the fungi’s full range of inoculum types from the field (sclerotia, hyphae, mycelial mats and ‘black sheaths’), and was also able to detect the fungus when it was in association with plant tissues. Samples required washing, as soil inhibited this assay.

scholarly journals 5′ Nuclease PCR Assay To DetectYersinia pestis

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 2284-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Higgins ◽  
John Ezzell ◽  
B. Joseph Hinnebusch ◽  
Michelle Shipley ◽  
Erik A. Henchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oligonucleotide Probe ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Dna Templates ◽  
Infected Monkey ◽  
Xenopsylla Cheopis ◽  
Species Specific

The 5′ nuclease PCR assay uses a fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probe (TaqMan) to rapidly detect and quantitate DNA templates in clinical samples. We developed a 5′ nuclease PCR assay targeting the plasminogen activator gene (pla) ofYersinia pestis. The assay is species specific, with a detection threshold of 2.1 × 105 copies of thepla target or 1.6 pg of total cell DNA. The assay detectedY. pestis in experimentally infected Xenopsylla cheopis fleas and in experimentally infected monkey blood and oropharyngeal swabs. The TaqMan assay is simple to perform and rapid and shows promise as a future field-adaptable technique.

Polymerase chain reaction amplification and typing of rotavirus in environmental samples

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gajardo ◽  
R. M. Pintó ◽  
A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Group A ◽  
Reaction Amplification ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay is described that has been developed for the detection and serotyping of group A rotavirus in stool specimens and concentrated and non-concentrated sewage specimens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the New BD Max GC Real-Time PCR Assay, Analytically and Clinically as a Supplementary Test for the BD ProbeTec GC Qx Amplified DNA Assay, for Molecular Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 3935-3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Golparian ◽  
Stina Boräng ◽  
Martin Sundqvist ◽  
Magnus Unemo
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna Assay ◽  
Supplementary Test

The new BD Max GC real-time PCR assay showed high clinical and analytical sensitivity and specificity. It can be an effective and accurate supplementary test for the BD ProbeTec GC Qx amplified DNA assay, which had suboptimal specificity, and might also be used for initial detection ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae.

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