Recovery of renal function in the rat after warm ischaemia: functional and morphological changes

1982 ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Marshall ◽  
P. Jablonski ◽  
B. Howden ◽  
E. Leslie ◽  
D. Rae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Warm Ischaemia

scholarly journals Nephrotoxicity of vancomycin and drug interaction study with cilastatin in rabbits.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Toyoguchi ◽  
S Takahashi ◽  
J Hosoya ◽  
Y Nakagawa ◽  
H Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intravenous Bolus ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Interaction Study ◽  
Drug Interaction Study ◽  
Dose Dependent

The nephrotoxic effects of vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM) and the potential drug-drug interaction with cilastatin sodium (CS) were examined in rabbits. The aim of the study was to measure the possible dose-related suppressive effects or elimination by cilastatin of the adverse reactions generated by vancomycin in the kidneys of rabbits. To clarify the interactions of these two drugs, we examined the nephrotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of VCM in the rabbit when administered alone and when coadministered with CS. VCM administered alone (300 mg/kg of body weight as an intravenous bolus; n = 5) caused typical symptoms of nephrotoxicity, such as increases in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, as well as morphological changes in the kidneys. A lack of such signs of nephrotoxicity was observed in the groups administered VCM plus CS (i.e., CS at 150 mg/kg plus VCM at 300 mg/kg or CS at 300 mg/kg plus VCM at 300 mg/kg, intravenous bolus; n = 5/group). At a reduced combination ratio of VCM plus CS (4:1 ratio, VCM at 300 mg/kg plus CS at 75 mg/kg, intravenous bolus; n = 5) some symptoms of nephrotoxicity induced by VCM were present, but the degree of this effect was much reduced and was significantly different from preadministration values by only modest increases of the BUN and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase levels (P < 0.05). Overall clearance of VCM was accelerated by coadministration of CS and was found to be dose dependent upon CS. No changes in renal function values from the preadministration values were observed for animals receiving CS alone (300 mg/kg, intravenous bolus; n = 3). These results suggest that CS has the ability to reduce or eliminate in a dose-dependent manner the nephrotoxic effects caused by VCM administration in rabbits.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF LEPTIN ADMINISTRATION ON RENAL FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Brinnell Annette Caszo ◽  
Azdayanti Muslim ◽  
Zanariah Awang ◽  
Effat Omar ◽  
Effendi Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Tgf Β1

ABSTRACTObjective: Elevated levels of leptin may be responsible directly for progression and severity of renal disease in obesity and hypertension. It may exertits effects by promoting fibrosis through the actions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the Smad pathway. This study determines theeffect of leptin administration on the development of renal fibrosis in nonobese spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).Methods: Male SHRs, aged 12-14 weeks, were injected with either leptin (60 µg/kg/day) or saline (for the control group) subcutaneously daily for42 days. At the end of the experimental period, animals were euthanized and their kidneys were removed. The right kidney was harvested for thedetermination of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP7). The left kidneyswere stored in neutral buffered 10% formalin until they were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Prepared slides were examinedunder light microscopy. 30 consecutive glomeruli were examined for the cell counts based on the number of nuclei seen and the total area of glomeruli.Results: No significant difference was evident in renal function between control and leptin-treated rats. Cellularity and area of glomeruli were also notdifferent between the two groups. mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, and BMP7 were, however, higher in leptin-treated rats.Conclusion: It appears that 6 weeks of leptin administration increases renal TGF-β1 and Smad2 levels but with little morphological changes in thekidney. Whether the elevated BMP7 expression was responsible for lack of effect of leptin on renal morphological changes remains unclear.Keywords: Leptin, Renal function, Hypertension, Glomerulus, Transforming growth factor-β1, Smad, Spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The Influence of Warm Ischaemia on Renal Function and Pathology

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bilde ◽  
J. I. Dahlager ◽  
S. Asnæs ◽  
D. Jaglicic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Warm Ischaemia

Renal Function after Warm Ischaemia

1977 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Fernando ◽  
D.M.G. Armstrong ◽  
J.R. Griffiths ◽  
W.F. Hendry ◽  
E.P.N. O'Donoghue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Warm Ischaemia

scholarly journals Early vascular unclamping reduces warm ischaemia time in robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Lah ◽  
Devang Desai ◽  
Charles Chabert ◽  
Christian Gericke ◽  
Troy Gianduzzo
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Partial Nephrectomy ◽  
Positive Margin ◽  
Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Warm Ischaemia ◽  
Ischaemia Time ◽  
Patient Series ◽  
Warm Ischaemia Time

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of early vascular release in robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN) to reduce warm ischaemia time (WIT) and minimise renal dysfunction. RAPN is increasingly utilised in the management of small renal masses. To this end it is imperative that WIT is kept to a minimum to maintain renal function.Methods: RAPN was performed via a four-arm robotic transperitoneal approach. The renal artery and vein were individually clamped with robotic vascular bulldog clamps to allow cold scissor excision of the tumour. The cut surface was then sutured with one or two running 3-0 V-LocTM sutures, following which the vascular clamps were released. Specific bleeding vessels were then selectively oversewn and the collecting system repaired. Renorrhaphy was then completed using a running horizontal mattress 0-0 V-LocTM suture.Results: A total of 16 patients underwent RAPN with a median WIT of 15 minutes (range: 8-25), operative time 230 minutes (range: 180-280) and blood loss of 100 mL (range: 50-1000). There were no transfusions, secondary haemorrhages or urine leaks. There was one focal positive margin in a central 5.5 cm pT3a renal cell carcinomas (RCC). Long-term estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was not significantly different to pre-operative values.Conclusion: In this patient series, early vascular release effectively minimised WIT and maintained renal function without compromising perioperative safety.

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