Workshop on Indices and Indicators for Climate Extremes, Asheville, NC, USA, 3–6 June 1997 Breakout Group C: Temperature Indices for Climate Extremes

1999 ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Folland ◽  
C. Miller ◽  
D. Bader ◽  
M. Crowe ◽  
P. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Breakout Group ◽  
Temperature Indices

scholarly journals Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over southern Montenegro (1951–2010)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Burić ◽  
J. Luković ◽  
V. Ducić ◽  
J. Dragojlović ◽  
M. Doderović
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Slope Estimator ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Climate Change Detection

Abstract. Montenegro so far has been poorly investigated in terms of climate extremes. The aim of this paper was to analyse the extreme ETCCDI (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices) temperature indices in the Mediterranean region of Montenegro for the period of 1951–2010. Four stations in the coastal area of Montenegro have been analysed: Herceg Novi, Ulcinj, Budva and Bar. Two periods (before 1980 and after 1980) were separately investigated in this study due to a well-known climate shift that occurred in the late 1970s. Seven indices of temperature extremes have been chosen. The trend was analysed using a Mann–Kendall non-parametric test, while the slope was estimated using Sen's slope estimator. A negative trend has been calculated for cold nights and cold days at almost all stations. The most significant positive trends were obtained for warm conditions. The two separately investigated periods have shown contrasting temperature trends.

scholarly journals Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over southern Montenegro (1951–2010)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 5181-5198 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Burić ◽  
J. Luković ◽  
V. Ducić ◽  
J. Dragojlović ◽  
M. Doderović
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Climate Shift ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Slope Estimator ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. Montenegro so far has been poorly investigated in terms of climate extremes. The aim of this paper was to analyse the extreme ETCCD temperature indices in the Mediterranean region of Montenegro for the period of 1951–2010. Four stations in the coastal area of Montenegro have been analysed: Herceg Novi, Ulcinj, Budva and Bar. Two periods (before 1980 and after 1980) were separately investigated in this study due to a well known climate shift that occurred in the late 1970's. Seven indices of temperature extremes have been chosen. The trend was analysed using a Man–Kendall non parametric test while the slope was estimated using Sen's slope estimator. A negative trend has been calculated for cold nights and cold days at almost all stations. The most significant positive trends were obtained for warm conditions. Two separately investigated periods have shown contrasting temperature trends.

scholarly journals Investigating uncertainties in global gridded datasets of climate extremes

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2105-2161 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. H. Dunn ◽  
M. G. Donat ◽  
L. V. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Individual Grid ◽  
Station Density ◽  
Linear Trends

Abstract. We assess the effects of different methodological choices made during the construction of gridded datasets of climate extremes, focusing primarily on HadEX2. Using global timeseries of the indices and their coverage, as well as uncertainty maps, we show that the choices which have the greatest effect are those relating to the station network used or which drastically change the values for individual grid boxes. The latter are most affected by the number of stations required in or around a grid box and the gridding method used. Most parametric changes have a small impact, on global and on grid box scales, whereas structural changes to the methods or input station networks may have large effects. On grid box scales, trends in temperature indices are very robust to most choices, especially in areas which have high station density (e.g. North America, Europe and Asia). Precipitation trends, being less spatially coherent, can be more susceptible to methodological changes, but are still clear in regions of high station density. Regional trends from all indices derived from areas with few stations should be treated with care. On a global scale, the linear trends over 1951–2010 from almost all choices fall within the statistical range of trends from HadEX2. This demonstrates the robust nature of HadEX2 and related datasets to choices in the creation method.

Changes in climate extremes in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Van Thang Nguyen ◽  
Van Khiem Mai ◽  
Van Thang Vu ◽  
Dang Mau Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Bich Phuong Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Extremes

scholarly journals The Rise of Climate-Driven Sediment Discharge in the Amazonian River Basin

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazzareno Diodato ◽  
Naziano Filizola ◽  
Pasquale Borrelli ◽  
Panos Panagos ◽  
Gianni Bellocchi
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
Sediment Export

The occurrence of hydrological extremes in the Amazon region and the associated sediment loss during rainfall events are key features in the global climate system. Climate extremes alter the sediment and carbon balance but the ecological consequences of such changes are poorly understood in this region. With the aim of examining the interactions between precipitation and landscape-scale controls of sediment export from the Amazon basin, we developed a parsimonious hydro-climatological model on a multi-year series (1997–2014) of sediment discharge data taken at the outlet of Óbidos (Brazil) watershed (the narrowest and swiftest part of the Amazon River). The calibrated model (correlation coefficient equal to 0.84) captured the sediment load variability of an independent dataset from a different watershed (the Magdalena River basin), and performed better than three alternative approaches. Our model captured the interdecadal variability and the long-term patterns of sediment export. In our reconstruction of yearly sediment discharge over 1859–2014, we observed that landscape erosion changes are mostly induced by single storm events, and result from coupled effects of droughts and storms over long time scales. By quantifying temporal variations in the sediment produced by weathering, this analysis enables a new understanding of the linkage between climate forcing and river response, which drives sediment dynamics in the Amazon basin.

scholarly journals Breakout Group Allocation Schedules and the Social Golfer Problem with Adjacent Group Sizes

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Alice Miller ◽  
Matthew Barr ◽  
William Kavanagh ◽  
Ivaylo Valkov ◽  
Helen C. Purchase
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Combinatorial Design ◽  
Breakout Group ◽  
Online Resource ◽  
The Social ◽  
Adjacent Group ◽  
Group Allocation ◽  
Novel Variation ◽  
The Ideal

The current pandemic has led schools and universities to turn to online meeting software solutions such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams. The teaching experience can be enhanced via the use of breakout rooms for small group interaction. Over the course of a class (or over several classes), the class will be allocated to breakout groups multiple times over several rounds. It is desirable to mix the groups as much as possible, the ideal being that no two students appear in the same group in more than one round. In this paper, we discuss how the problem of scheduling balanced allocations of students to sequential breakout rooms directly corresponds to a novel variation of a well-known problem in combinatorics (the social golfer problem), which we call the social golfer problem with adjacent group sizes. We explain how solutions to this problem can be obtained using constructions from combinatorial design theory and how they can be used to obtain good, balanced breakout room allocation schedules. We present our solutions for up to 50 students and introduce an online resource that educators can access to immediately generate suitable allocation schedules.

scholarly journals The Role of Extension and Advisory Services in Strengthening Farmers’ Innovation Networks to Adapt to Climate Extremes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1941
Author(s):  
Md Kamruzzaman ◽  
Katherine Anne Daniell ◽  
Ataharul Chowdhury ◽  
Steven Crimp
Keyword(s):  
Information Access ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Flash Flooding ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Local Input ◽  
Local Weather

There is anecdotal evidence of the effectiveness of Extension and Advisory Service (EAS) agencies for strengthening innovation networks to adapt to extreme events that impact agricultural production and productivity. In Bangladesh, the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) is responsible for ensuring sustainable rice farming, which is damaged by flash flooding every year. This study investigates how EAS can strengthen farmers’ innovation networks by examining DAE’s efforts to adapt rice cultivation to flash flooding. Using surveys and interviews from farmers affiliated with DAE (DAE-farmers) and farmers independent of DAE (non-DAE farmers), the effectiveness of innovation networks was examined. One of the key findings of this paper is that DAE’s efforts to strengthen the innovation networks of farmers to adapt rice cultivation to flash flooding focused on the facilitation of the agronomic network development. The organization missed the opportunity to enable the harvesting networks’ efficacy. As the harvesting activities are highly exposed to flash flooding, the absence of adequate support from the DAE and timely updates of local weather and flash flooding information indicates that farmers are still at significant risk. This study also shows the value of including both formal (e.g., EAS agencies, research organizations) and informal actors (e.g., relatives, local input dealers) in the innovation network as a way of ensuring diversity of information access.

scholarly journals Vegetation Change and Its Response to Climate Extremes in the Arid Region of Northwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Simeng Wang ◽  
Qihang Liu ◽  
Chang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Increasing Trend

Changes in climate extremes have a profound impact on vegetation growth. In this study, we employed the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and a recently published climate extremes dataset (HadEX3) to study the temporal and spatial evolution of vegetation cover, and its responses to climate extremes in the arid region of northwest China (ARNC). Mann-Kendall test, Anomaly analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, Time lag cross-correlation method, and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression (Lasso) were conducted to quantitatively analyze the response characteristics between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and climate extremes from 2000 to 2018. The results showed that: (1) The vegetation in the ARNC had a fluctuating upward trend, with vegetation significantly increasing in Xinjiang Tianshan, Altai Mountain, and Tarim Basin, and decreasing in the central inland desert. (2) Temperature extremes showed an increasing trend, with extremely high-temperature events increasing and extremely low-temperature events decreasing. Precipitation extremes events also exhibited a slightly increasing trend. (3) NDVI was overall positively correlated with the climate extremes indices (CEIs), although both positive and negative correlations spatially coexisted. (4) The responses of NDVI and climate extremes showed time lag effects and spatial differences in the growing period. (5) Precipitation extremes were closely related to NDVI than temperature extremes according to Lasso modeling results. This study provides a reference for understanding vegetation variations and their response to climate extremes in arid regions.

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