Impacts of Inadequate or Negligent Waste Disposal on Wildlife and Domestic Animals: Relevance for Human Health

2000 ◽  
pp. 251-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Staats De Yanes ◽  
C. V. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Domestic Animals

scholarly journals Evidence of pathogenic zoonotic tick-borne Rickettsia and Borrelia spp. in some communal farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLUSESAN ADELABU ◽  
Benson Chuks Iweriebor ◽  
Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh ◽  
Larry Chikwelu Obi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Domesticated Animals ◽  
Identification Techniques ◽  
Reference Strains

Abstract The abundance of tick populations in South Africa represents a probable risk for both animal and human health. Rickettsia spp. and Borrelia spp. are well-known significant agents of emerging human tick-borne infectious diseases throughout the world. Nevertheless, the epidemiology of their infections has been underreported in South Africa, therefore, the aim of this study was to profile for zoonotic Rickettsia and Borrelia species from ticks infesting domesticated animals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Morphological and molecular identification techniques were conducted on 1,200 tick samples collected from domestic animals before screening for the target bacterial pathogens. The molecular identification of the tick samples was based on the amplification of the 12S rRNA mitochondrial DNA while those of Rickettsia and Borrelia species were carried out by amplifying fragments of gltA, ompA and ompB genes for Rickettsia and flaB gene for Borrelia spp. Thereafter, the positive ticks, Borrelia and Rickettsia ompB amplicons were sequenced and further analysed. Eight species of ticks belonging to three genera; Rhipicephalus, Amblyomma, and Haemaphysalis were identified. A total of 320 (27%) samples were confirmed positive for Rickettsia out of which 74 (23%) were positive for both ompA and ompB genes. Phylogenetic analysis of ompB revealed a high homology to rickettsial reference strains from GenBank, while there was no positive result for Borrelia. The generated sequences showed 99.1 to 100% homology with R. africae-KX227790 (100 %), R. parkeri - KY113111 (99.8 %), R. peacock (99.3 %) and R. slovaca - KJ675445, JX683122 (99.1 %) representative sequences in GenBank. The findings from this study revealed that ticks collected from domesticated animals were parasitized by Rickettsia species with possible zoonotic potential, which is detrimental to human health if bitten by infected ticks.

scholarly journals Toxic Effects of Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate: An Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Sandeep Singh Rowdhwal ◽  
Jiaxiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is extensively used as a plasticizer in many products, especially medical devices, furniture materials, cosmetics, and personal care products. DEHP is noncovalently bound to plastics, and therefore, it will leach out of these products after repeated use, heating, and/or cleaning of the products. Due to the overuse of DEHP in many products, it enters and pollutes the environment through release from industrial settings and plastic waste disposal sites. DEHP can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact on a daily basis, which has raised some concerns about its safety and its potential effects on human health. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of the endocrine, testicular, ovarian, neural, hepatotoxic, and cardiotoxic effects of DEHP on animal models and humansin vitroandin vivo.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Nickel in Sediment and Periwinkle of Eagle Island River, Port Harcourt

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Amadi, Fyneface Chikadibia ◽  
Emeji, Roseline ◽  
Osere, Hannah ◽  
Nwisah, Laurretta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

The study was carried out in Eagle Island River, located in Mgbuosimini community, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. In this study, the concentration of Nickel (Ni) in sediments and periwinkles (Tympanotonos fuscatus) were determined from 25 sampling stations in Eagle Island River. The portion of the periwinkle that was assayed was the edible part. The assay was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean±SD of Ni concentrations in sediments and periwinkles were 2.77±1.05 mg/kg and 6.25±1.98 mg/kg respectively. The mean concentration of Ni was higher in periwinkles than in sediments. The correlation coefficient between Ni concentrations in sediment and periwinkle was 32.7%. Following the increasing industrial activities and waste disposal in the water body, the need to regularly determine the concentrations of this heavy metal in the water, aquatic lives and sediments is imperative in order to uphold environmental and human health protection.  

scholarly journals Akumulasi Besi (Fe) pada Kerang Hijau di Perairan Tanjung Mas, Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Findiani Dwi Astari ◽  
Djamar Tumpal Floranthus Lumban Batu ◽  
Isdradjad Setyobudiandi
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Green Mussel ◽  
Safe Limit

The source of iron in waters can come from human activities that carry out activities such as waste disposal in household and industrial activities. Green mussels containing iron are very dangerous for the shells themselves and for human health if consumed in excess. This study aims to analyze the concentration of iron in green mussel meat, determine the safe limit of green mussel meat for consumption by humans, and calculate the value of bioconcentration factors. This research was conducted in the sea of Tanjung Mas, Semarang. Samples taken in the form of green mussels, sediments, and water were then analyzed for iron concentrations with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results of the study showed that the range of iron concentration values in green mussels from July to November was 39–283,97 mg/kg. The range of MTI values for adults was 1.18–4.92, while for children the range was 0.24–0.98. The value of the bioconcentration factor of green mussels and water was 3271–24839, while the value of the bioconcentration factor of green mussels and sediments was 0.010–9.647.   Keywords: bioconcentration, green mussels, iron, maximum tolerable intake, Tanjung Mas

Research on Injurious Medical Waste Disposal for Small and Medium Sized Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3459-3462
Author(s):  
Jin Ling Xu ◽  
Xiu Feng Shen ◽  
Shi Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Waste Processing

The injury medical waste is the most serious infectious, which serious impact on human health and environmental issues. There are many hidden dangers in the injury medical waste processing, particularly in small and medium-sized hospitals. The current situation, classify and hazard are analysed, as well as problems and difficulties in injury medical waste disposal. The disposal mechods and countermeasures are put forward to dispose the injury medical waste for small and medium-sized hospitals. The research has certain practical significance for injury medical waste disposal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document