Reclamation of Abrasive Slurry to Obtain SiC Ceramic Material

In the period of silicon and silicon carbide wafer slicing process, the abrasive oil, silicon carbide (SiC), silicon and trace elements e.g., iron, zinc, copper, and nickel is generated as an oily mixture of insoluble matter. The SiC is the main component (>70%) in the abrasive slurry and the extraction of SiC from the slurry can eliminate the risk of illegal waste disposal and reduce the cost for the enterprises. In this study, a chemical separation process is applied to remove silicon particles and SiC can be extracted from the slurry mixtures. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that recycled material is moissanite with two crystalline polymorphs. The 3C and 6H X-ray powder pattern is observed and the cubic and hexagonal crystalline structure is revealed. The particle size distribution analysis showed that median value of purified SiC powder material is 9.8 μm.

Multi-criteria decision making for determining landfill location in Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia

The absence of a landfill has increased the illegal waste disposal sites in Malaka Regency, which was established between 2013 and 2021. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze suitable and available land for the development of a landfill. The methodology used consisted of 2 analysis steps, namely land suitability and land availability. Land suitability was analyzed using a multi-criteria decision-making method, which included the slope, stone type/geology, lithology, soil type, soil texture, soil depth, soil drainage, distance from settlements, and water sources. The criteria were then weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and geographic information system for overlaying. Furthermore, the results of the land suitability analysis were used to determine its availability with the aid of spatial and regional planning (RTRW), land use, and forest area maps. The results showed that the highly suitable (S1) and available terrain for the landfill in Malaka Regency covered an area of 203.37 ha or 1.73% of the regency. Also, the analysis results indicated that there was still adequate land available for the landfill.

Handling and Illegal Disposal of Excess Household Solid Wastes in Katutura Township of Namibia

This study examined the modes of handling of generated excess household solid wastes and attitude towards illegal disposal in Katutura township in Windhoek, Namibia. This was particu- larly significant because the capital city, Windhoek was once the cleanest city in Africa. Hence, the study aimed at generating data that would be of benefit to the local municipality towards review of waste management operational strategies and applicable local byelaw especially in this densely populated low-income township. A mixed method of qualitative (observational) and quantitative survey through the use of questionnaire was adopted. Presented data was based on a total of two hundred and thirty-four (234) respondents. Results showed that 46.6% of respondents were between the ages of 21-30 (43.7%) and employed with a 92.3% literacy level. About 66.7% were well aware of the concept of waste management and possessed the knowledge (94%) of its implementation. Majority of respondents (70.9%) generate wastes with- in the 240L waste bin volume per week while those that generate excess handle the wastes in several ways. About 44.3% place excess wastes beside the bin before municipal collection while a combination of 46.4% engage in different forms of illegal disposal. Ironically, about 77.8% of respondents were aware of what constitutes illegal waste disposal. A good number of respondents (62.1%) were satisfied with the municipal waste management. Suggestions on further improvements were however provided. Of great concern in this study was the apathetic attitude (50.4%) of respondents towards the illegal waste disposal practices. This might be contributing factor towards the loss of cleanliness ranking by the city.

Local Mass Media’s Attitudes towards Environmental Situations in the East

The research on “The Local Mass Media’s Attitudes towards the Environmental Situations in the East” aimed to learn the local mass media’s attitudes toward environment situation in the East of Thailand. This research is a qualitative study. In-depth interviews with key informants who are mass media in the eastern part of Thailand were applied. The informants were asked about their attitudes towards environmental problems in the East. Four issues mentioned during the interviews included Illegal waste disposal in other people’s properties, coastal erosion in Laem Chabang area, people’s opposition of the town plan amendment, and the fresh water conflict.

Asking Sensitive Questions Using the Randomized Response Approach in Public Health Research: An Empirical Study on the Factors of Illegal Waste Disposal

A survey study is a research method commonly used to quantify population characteristics in biostatistics and public health research, two fields that often involve sensitive questions. However, if answering sensitive questions could cause social undesirability, respondents may not provide honest responses to questions that are asked directly. To mitigate the response distortion arising from dishonest answers to sensitive questions, the randomized response technique (RRT) is a useful and effective statistical method. However, research has seldom addressed how to apply the RRT in public health research using an online survey with multiple sensitive questions. Thus, we help fill this research gap by employing an innovative unrelated question design method. To illustrate how the RRT can be implemented in a multivariate analysis setting, we conducted a survey study to examine the factors affecting the intention of illegal waste disposal. This study demonstrates an application of the RRT to investigate the factors affecting people’s intention of illegal waste disposal. The potential factors of the intention were adopted from the theory of planned behavior and the general deterrence theory, and a self-administered online questionnaire was employed to collect data. Using the RRT, a covariance matrix was extracted for examining the hypothesized model via structural equation modeling. The survey results show that people’s attitude toward the behavior and their perceived behavioral control significantly positively affect their intention. This paper is useful for showing researchers and policymakers how to conduct surveys in environmental or public health related research that involves multiple sensitive questions.

Katalog sebagai Media Promosi bagi UMKM Koelon Kalie Krobokan Semarang

AbstrakSampah merupakan zat yang bersifat organik maupun anorganik yang dihasilkan dari setiap aktifitas manusia, seperti rumah tangga, industri, maupun komersil. Persoalan sampah di Indonesia, terutama di perkotaan merupakan masalah serius. Dinas Kebersihan Kota Semarang mencatat bahwa sampah perkotaan dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat seiring laju pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Sampah mengakibatkan permasalahan yang komplek, antara lain pembuangan sampah liar yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit, kota kotor, bau tidak sedap, mengurangi daya tampung sungai dan lain-lain. Tahun 2012, berdiri UMKM “Koelon Kalie” yang bertujuan meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dengan mengelola sampah plastik menjadi produk yang mempunyai nilai jual. Permasalahannya adalah belum adanya kegiatan promosi yang dilakukan dan hanya melalui mulut ke mulut konsumen dalam memasarkan produk. Media katalog merupakan media yang terjangkau dan efektif. Di dalam media katalog berisi informasi mengenai produk. Informasi yang dicantumkan yaitu nama, spesifikasi, dan harga produk tersebut. Gambaran produk dapat dilihat dengan jelas melalui informasi foto produk yang ditampilkan di media katalog. Berkebalikan dengan media mulut ke mulut yang hanya bisa didengarkan tanpa adanya gambaran produk dengan jelas. Melalui media katalog, konsumen mendapat informasi lebih jelas mengenai gambaran produk olahan sampah plastik. Kata Kunci: katalog, media promosi, UMKM AbstractTrash are an organic and inorganic substance that generated from any human activity, such as household, industrial, and commercial. Trash issues in Indonesia, especially in urban area is a serius problem. Department of Semarang City Sanitation noted that urban trash from year to year increases along with population growth rate. The trash resulting complex problems, such as illegal waste disposal, appear various diseases, dirty city, odor, reduce the capacity of river and others. In 2012, arise MSMEs “Koelon Kalie” wich aim to increase public revenue by managing plastic waste into a products that can be sold. The problem it’s not carry out promotional activities and only through word of mouth in the consumer products market. Catalog is a affordable and effective tool. Catalog contains information about products, such as name, specifications, and price. Products overview can be seen clearly through the picture information displayed in the catalog. Opposite to Word of Mouth that can only be heard and can not be seen the product picture. With catalog, consumers get more information on a product overview of plastic waste processed products. Keywords: catalog, promotion media, MSMEs