scholarly journals Akumulasi Besi (Fe) pada Kerang Hijau di Perairan Tanjung Mas, Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Findiani Dwi Astari ◽  
Djamar Tumpal Floranthus Lumban Batu ◽  
Isdradjad Setyobudiandi

The source of iron in waters can come from human activities that carry out activities such as waste disposal in household and industrial activities. Green mussels containing iron are very dangerous for the shells themselves and for human health if consumed in excess. This study aims to analyze the concentration of iron in green mussel meat, determine the safe limit of green mussel meat for consumption by humans, and calculate the value of bioconcentration factors. This research was conducted in the sea of Tanjung Mas, Semarang. Samples taken in the form of green mussels, sediments, and water were then analyzed for iron concentrations with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results of the study showed that the range of iron concentration values in green mussels from July to November was 39–283,97 mg/kg. The range of MTI values for adults was 1.18–4.92, while for children the range was 0.24–0.98. The value of the bioconcentration factor of green mussels and water was 3271–24839, while the value of the bioconcentration factor of green mussels and sediments was 0.010–9.647.   Keywords: bioconcentration, green mussels, iron, maximum tolerable intake, Tanjung Mas

Author(s):  
Amadi, Fyneface Chikadibia ◽  
Emeji, Roseline ◽  
Osere, Hannah ◽  
Nwisah, Laurretta

The study was carried out in Eagle Island River, located in Mgbuosimini community, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. In this study, the concentration of Nickel (Ni) in sediments and periwinkles (Tympanotonos fuscatus) were determined from 25 sampling stations in Eagle Island River. The portion of the periwinkle that was assayed was the edible part. The assay was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean±SD of Ni concentrations in sediments and periwinkles were 2.77±1.05 mg/kg and 6.25±1.98 mg/kg respectively. The mean concentration of Ni was higher in periwinkles than in sediments. The correlation coefficient between Ni concentrations in sediment and periwinkle was 32.7%. Following the increasing industrial activities and waste disposal in the water body, the need to regularly determine the concentrations of this heavy metal in the water, aquatic lives and sediments is imperative in order to uphold environmental and human health protection.  


Author(s):  
Deni Julius ◽  
Suheryanto Suheryanto ◽  
Laila Hanum

There has been research on the Bioacumulation of Cadmium in the Leachate, Sediment, Sepat fish and watercress within water around the final solid waste disposal (FWD) of Sukawinatan Palembang using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (SSA) technique. This study aims to determine the distribution of cadmium contained in water ecosystem within water around the final solid waste disposal (FWD) of Sukawinatan, as well as bioconcentration factor (BCF) of the biotic compartement to the abiotic compartement . The way is done by wetdestruction sample. The resultant destruction solution was analyzed at a wavelength of 228.8 nm. The results showed that the concentration of cadmium in leachate Inlet 0,0099 mg/L until the Sedapat River 0,0010 mg/L, Sediment Inlet 0,0427 mg/Kg until Sedapat River Sediment 0,0051 mg/Kg, Sepat fish reservoir 0,0099 mg/Kg and Sepat fish Sedapat River 0,0096 mg/Kg along watercress reservoir 0,0042 mg/Kg over Sedapar river 0,0027 mg/Kg. So that distribution of cadmium for water and sediment compartment getting further from leachate inlet to Sedapat river is decreasing. The value of cadmium consentration in leachate is still below the threshold conformable in regulation of environment and forestry ministers no.59 of 2016 is 0,1 mg/L. Distribution on the fish and watercress compartment also descreased to the Sedapat river. Consentration value on the fish and watercress also stil below the quality standard in this SNI 7378;2009 for fish 0,1 mg/Kg and watercress 0,2 mg/Kg. While the value of BCF fish and BCF watercress <100 is still in low category.


2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah ◽  
Herman Pratikno

Large quantities of wastewater from industries and households were released to Wonorejo river in Surabaya East Coast area. The concentration of Cu at the Wonorejo Estuary reached 3.186 mg/L at brackish water in 2009 One of the inorganic pollutants that can be removed by mangrove is copper (Cu). The purpose of this research was to determine the potency of Cu accumulation by Avicennia marina that was grown for ten years at Wonorejo Estuary. The sampling activities were conducted using a transect quadrat sampling method with a 10x10 m dimension. There were ten points of location sampling, the sediment and root of A. marina samples were collected in those location sampling. All samples of sediment and root were extracted before those samples were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The calculation of the Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) was conducted using a equation formulation. The results showed that concentration Cu in sediment was 27 mg/kg until to 150 mg/kg. The Cu accumulation by roots of A. marina reached 53 mg/kg until to 128 mg/kg. The BCF value in A. marina were 0.91 to 3.22 In conclusion, A. marina showed potential as a hyperaccumulator for Cu.


Author(s):  
Bronius Jaskelevičius ◽  
Vaida Lynikienė

As a result of global and intense production the waste disposal problems become more and more urgent. Waste processing, utilization and recycling is to a certain extent limited by many economic, organisational and technological factors, and this inevitably encourages waste disposal in landfills. Physical, chemical and biological interactions in landfill cell result in formation of landfill gas and harmful leachate. Because of lack of control, together with usual communal waste, industrial waste was also dumped to landfills, therefore gas and leachate produced include large amounts of toxic compounds. Once hazardous waste materials occured in landfills, later they vastly expanded the whole spectrum of toxic materials and compounds. In the landfill environment chemical properties of surface and ground water and concentration of separate components are governed by seepage of leachate and industrial solutants into soil and ground layers and their transport by subsurface waters. Influence on the environment exerted by heavy metals contained in the leachate of Lapes Landfill is discussed in this paper. Properties of industrial waste material influenced order of the main pollutants: the most important elements in this case are Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr and other ions, the sulphides of these metals and other toxic compounds. The First Landfill field is more polluted with heavy metal polutants than the Third field. In all the samples iron concentration is the greatest exceeding even 200 times the admissible value allowed (Norm HN 24:2003). Sources (springs) S11 and S17 are least contaminated with heavy metals. The greatest groundwater pollution was found in monitoring bore G13s. The leachate processed in purification devices is released to the Third stream. Heavy metal concentrations in waters of this stream are low and they further decrease downstream because the pollutants are diluted. Santrauka Masiškai gaminant produkciją, ją vartojant, vis opesnė tampa atliekų problema. Atliekų perdirbimą, utilizavimą iš dalies ribojantys ekonominiai, organizaciniai bei technologiniai veiksniai neišvengiamai skatina atliekas šalinti į sąvartynus. Dėl sąvartyno tūryje vykstančių fizinių, cheminių bei biologinių reakcijų susidaro sąvartyno dujos ir kenksmingas filtratas. Kadangi dėl nepakankamos kontrolės į sąvartynus kartu su buitinėmis, komunalinėmis atliekomis buvo šalinamos pramonės atliekos, susidarančiose dujose bei filtrate yra daug toksiškų junginių. Šią toksinių medžiagų bei junginių įvairovę dar labiau papildo į sąvartynus patenkančios pavojingos atliekos. Gruntinio ir paviršinio upelių vandens cheminę sudėtį ir kai kurių komponentų koncentraciją sąvartyno aplinkoje lemia filtrato ir pramoninių tirpalų įsisunkimo į gruntą mastas bei požeminių tėkmių pernašos. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama Lapių sąvartyno filtrate aptiktų sunkiųjų metalų įtaka aplinkai. Pramonės atliekos lėmė, kad filtrato pagrindiniai teršiantieji elementai yra Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr ir kt. jonai, šių metalų sulfidai ir kiti toksiniai junginiai. Pirmasis kaupimosi laukas yra labiau užterštas sunkiaisiais metalais nei trečiasis laukas. Visuose mėginiuose didžiausia yra geležies koncentracija. Ji net iki 200 kartų viršija HN 24:2003 leidžiamąją normą. Mažiausiai sunkiaisiais metalais užteršti šaltiniai (S11 ir S17 postai). Požeminis vanduo labiausiai užterštas G13s gręžinyje. Iš valymo įrenginių išvalytas filtratas yra išleidžiamas į upelį. Šio upelio vandenyje rastų sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos yra nedidelės, o upeliui tekant tolyn teršalai atskiedžiami, ir metalų koncentracijos mažėja. Резюме Массовое производство продукции, пользование ею все более обостряют проблему отходов. Процессы переработки и утилизации отходов, в определенной степени ограничивающие экономические, организационные и технологические факторы, неизбежно способствуют интенсификации удаления отходов на свалки. На свалках отходов в результате протекающих физических, химических и биологических реакций образуются газы и токсичный фильтрат. Поскольку из-за недостаточного контроля на свалку вместе с бытовыми, коммунальными отходами удалялись и промышленные отходы, в составе образующихся газов и фильтрата имеется много токсичных соединений. Опасные отходы еще более увеличили спектр токсичных материалов и соединений в газах и фильтрате свалки. Химический состав и концентрация отдельных компонентов грунтовых и поверхностных вод в районе свалки определяют проникновение фильтрата и промышленных растворов в грунт и их перенос подземными течениями. В статье изучается влияние тяжелых металлов из фильтрата свалки в Лапес на состояние вод в районе свалки. Промышленные отходы способствовали появлению в фильтрате ионов основных загрязняющих элементов Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, сульфидов этих металлов и других токсичных соединений. Первое поле накопления отходов в большей степени загрязнено тяжелыми металлами, чем третье поле. Во всех опытных образцах воды отмечена самая большая концентрация ионов железа, почти в 200 раз превышающая допустимую норму HN 24:2003. Наименьшее загрязнение тяжелыми металлами отмечено в подземной воде источников (посты S11 и S17). Грунтовые воды больше всего загрязнены в скважине G13s. Поверхностные воды ручьев, в которые проникает фильтрат, а также сливается очищенный фильтрат, содержат небольшие концентрации тяжелых металлов, которые разбавляются течением и уменьшаются.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Jacob Chandy ◽  
Ann Jacob ◽  
Somi Cherian

Fish bioconcentration factors (BCF) are used for the prediction of the environmental effects of new chemicals and some studies have suggested that they can be predicted from the Physico-chemical properties of the chemical. The rigorous use of pesticides resulted in the dispersal and persistence of pollutants throughout the ecosystem. Pesticides contamination in the aquatic ecosystem has become one of the most staggering issues due to their detrimental effect on public health and the environment. This study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration factor of pesticides monocrotophos and quinalphos in three tissues (skin, muscles, gills) of the fish Channa striatus for 21 days, of the three analyzed tissues of monocrotophos exposed fish, gill accumulated highest concentration of (0.033 mg kg-1) while muscles (0.012 mg kg-1) at the lowest, whereas the concentration of quinalphos was maximum (0.98mg kg-1) in liver and minimum (0.074 mg kg-1) in muscle. Results showed that the effect of pesticide differs from tissue to tissue. However, the levels exceeded maximum detection limits as recommended by U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colo.  Hence it is suggested that the fish containing pesticide residues beyond permissible limit should be avoided for food purposes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Clara Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Lílian Lefol Nani Guarieiro

Studies show that exposure to particulate matter (PM) from vehicular combustion processes can pose severe risks to human health since the impact degree of PM on the respiratory system will depend on its size and composition. Thus, the objective of this study was to perform a systematic review on this topic, searching information that can highlight causes and solutions that may allow a greater understanding of this problem. We concluded that China is a country that stands out in the number of deaths caused by the emission of PM, given a highly polluted urban scenario. Besides, fine particles (PM2.5) are the most recurrent incidence of respiratory disease, as they are emitted mainly by industrial activities and vehicular emissions.


KIMIKA ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Charmine I. Ronquillo ◽  
Leonila N. Adarna ◽  
Josephine M. Castañares

Four sites along the Butuanon River were identified based on the presence of Cyperus alternifolius L. Composite samples of water, sediments and roots of C. alternifolius L. from each site were taken for two seasons and analyzed for copper by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS). For the dry season, copper in water, sediments and roots of C. alternifolius L. ranged from 0.007-0.016, 101.3-140.7 and 27.36 - 69.17 ppm respectively. For the wet season, copper in water, sediments and roots ranged from 0.011-0.033, 77.23-96.93 and 27.22-54.18 ppm. Pearson’s r between copper in the roots of C. alternifolius L. and water are 0.86 and 0.82 while for sediments are 0.83 and 0.86 respectively. Bioconcentration factor (BCF = Curoots /Cuwater ) during the dry and wet seasons ranged from 1750-9881 and 1441-2391 respectively. BCF relative to sediments ranged from 0.258-0.640 and 0.281-0.702 for dry and wet seasons, respectively. C. alternifolius L. has the capacity to accumulate certain amounts of copper in its roots to levels exceeding those amounts present in water but not in the sediment. C. alternifolius L. has the potential as indicator of copper pollution in the water and sediment.


Rangifer ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aksel Bernhoft ◽  
Thor Waaler ◽  
Svein D. Mathiesen ◽  
Arne Flåøyen

Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) grazing the Rybatsjij Ostrov peninsula, north western Russia, northeast of the industrial towns of Nikel and Zapoljarnij, were analysed for hepatic concentrations of trace elements [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn)] by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The median (range) concentrations (jig/g wet weight) deter&not;mined in liver samples from 40 reindeer with even sex ratio and representation from different age classes were As 0.035 (0.017-0.048), Cd 0.34 (0.15-1.2), Cr 0.008 (&lt;0.002-0.022), Co 0.09 (0.06-0.12), Cu 98 (29-220), Pb 0.56 (0.23-1.0), Hg 0.16 (0.08-0.31), Ni 0.027 (&lt;0.020-0.13), Se 0.88 (0.56-1.3) and Zn 37 (24-105). The concentrations of Cd increased and Ni decreased with age. The measured liver concentrations were below levels of toxicological sig&not;nificance to the animals. It can be inferred that there is no risk with the measured trace elements to human health associated with the consumption of meat from these reindeer.


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