Study on Evaluation Method of Reconstruction and Extension Expressway Alignment Based on Operating Speed

Because of the special traffic environment, the tunnel is called a bottleneck on the highway sections; there is a huge risk of safe operation. Tunnel interior zone lighting plays an important role in the tunnel; good lighting can eliminate depression and driving fatigue of the driver in the tunnel. In this paper, freeway tunnel interior zone lighting is as the research object. We analyzed the driver's demand for freeway tunnel interior zone lighting and transformed illumination to luminance in the model of driver workload, operating speed and the illumination. And this model is established by our group. According to comfortable and relatively comfortable driving workload intense threshold, we can get the safe and comfortable luminance threshold of tunnel interior zone. This paper proposed a detection and evaluation method in freeway tunnel interior zone luminance, and the method have been applied and verified on one freeway in south China.

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Operating Speed Based Criteria for Design Consistency Evaluation on Motorways in China

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.2092 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 361-363 ◽

pp. 2092-2095

Author(s):

Hua Chai ◽

Jun Xie ◽

Xiao Lei Zhao

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Operating Speed ◽

Graphic Arts ◽

Vehicle Performance ◽

Statistical Analysis Method ◽

Design Consistency ◽

Criteria For Evaluation ◽

Road Segments

Operating speed is the final presentation of vehicles influenced by integration of highway geometric alignment, road environment, vehicle performance as well as drivers behavior; moreover, the larger speed differential between two consecutive segments is, the worse the design consistency of the section will be, where the probability of traffic accidents will be higher. In this paper, the existing operating speed based criteria for evaluation of design consistency are reviewed, however without comprehensive verification and calibration of the criteria in China, the adaptability and effectiveness of the criteria cannot be verified. The more personalized criteria for China highways are needed. The theoretical analysis of various operating speed based evaluation methods were put forward in order to decide the more localized evaluation method in China; afterwards, a traffic accident based analysis of different road sections of a motorway in northeastern China are put forward in order to verify the critical nominal road segments for road safety audit. Both of the operating speed and traffic accident resources of the verified road segments have been collected from the selected motorway. By applying graphic-arts technique and statistical analysis method, the operating speed based design consistency criteria were developed.

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Evaluation method for imaging plate resolution by means of phase contrast transfer function

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100139688 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 662-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Oikawa ◽

H. Kosugi ◽

F. Hosokawa ◽

D. Shindo ◽

M. Kersker

Keyword(s):

Transfer Function ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Amorphous Film ◽

Imaging Plate ◽

X Rays ◽

Special Shape ◽

Contrast Transfer Function ◽

Contrast Image ◽

Specimen Shape

Evaluation of the resolution of the Imaging Plate (IP) has been attempted by some methods. An evaluation method for IP resolution, which is not influenced by hard X-rays at higher accelerating voltages, was proposed previously by the present authors. This method, however, requires truoblesome experimental preperations partly because specially synthesized hematite was used as a specimen, and partly because a special shape of the specimen was used as a standard image. In this paper, a convenient evaluation method which is not infuenced by the specimen shape and image direction, is newly proposed. In this method, phase contrast images of thin amorphous film are used.Several diffraction rings are obtained by the Fourier transformation of a phase contrast image of thin amorphous film, taken at a large under focus. The rings show the spatial-frequency spectrum corresponding to the phase contrast transfer function (PCTF). The envelope function is obtained by connecting the peak intensities of the rings. The evelope function is offten used for evaluation of the instrument, because the function shows the performance of the electron microscope (EM).

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Combining Values

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2002.marapr01 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 1-4, 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher R. Brigham

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Proximal Phalanx ◽

Common Error ◽

The Third ◽

Whole Person ◽

Impairment Ratings ◽

Upper Extremity Impairment ◽

The Individual

Abstract To account for the effects of multiple impairments, evaluating physicians must provide a summary value that combines multiple impairments so the whole person impairment is equal to or less than the sum of all the individual impairment values. A common error is to add values that should be combined and typically results in an inflated rating. The Combined Values Chart in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, includes instructions that guide physicians about combining impairment ratings. For example, impairment values within a region generally are combined and converted to a whole person permanent impairment before combination with the results from other regions (exceptions include certain impairments of the spine and extremities). When they combine three or more values, physicians should select and combine the two lowest values; this value is combined with the third value to yield the total value. Upper extremity impairment ratings are combined based on the principle that a second and each succeeding impairment applies not to the whole unit (eg, whole finger) but only to the part that remains (eg, proximal phalanx). Physicians who combine lower extremity impairments usually use only one evaluation method, but, if more than one method is used, the physician should use the Combined Values Chart.

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