The Effect of Board Density and Hot-Pressing Time on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Oil Palm Trunk Phenol Formaldehyde Particleboard

2018 ◽  
pp. 563-572
Author(s):  
Shaikh Abdul Karim Yamani Zakaria ◽  
Ermadasila Mohamad ◽  
Jamaludin Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties

Physical Performance of Bamboo Strips-Oil Palm Trunk Veneers Composite Lumber at Different Layer Orientations and Hot Pressing Times

2012 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Nor Raihan Wan Jaafar ◽  
Shahril Anuar Bahari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Compression Performance ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Composite Lumber

In this study, composite lumber from a combination of bamboo strips and oil palm trunk veneers was produced and physically tested. The bamboo strips and oil palm trunk veneers were laid-up together alternately with two different types of layer orientation, such as parallel and cross orientations to each other. The composite lumber was pressed using hydraulic hot pressing machine at two different pressing times, such as 12 and 15 minutes. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive was used in the lamination process. Physical performance tests such as cold water delamination (CWD), hot water delamination (HWD), flexural and compression were conducted based on Japanese Agricultural Standard for LVL JAS: SE-10 [1]. Results showed that longer pressing time has increased the physical performance, except for flexural and compression performance of parallel orientation composite lumber. Cross orientation has increased the bonding strength behaviour between bamboo strips and oil palm trunk veneers, thus influenced the low delamination percentage and good modulus of elasticity value of composite lumber. Generally, this study has increased the understanding on physical performance of bamboo strips-oil palm trunk veneers composite lumber at different layer orientations and hot pressing times.

Effects of Particle Sizes, Resin Content and Board Densities on the Properties of Phenol Formaldehyde Particleboard from Oil Palm Trunk Particles

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jamaludin Kasim ◽  
Siti Zalifah Mahmud ◽  
Nurrohana Ahmad ◽  
Shaikh Abdul Karim Yamani ◽  
Siti Nor Ain Tamiran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Resin Content ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Dust Extractor

Twenty five year old oil palm trunk supplied by MPOB, Bangi, Selangor, was converted into strands using a disk flaker and into particles using a dust extractor. Particleboard was produced using phenolic resin at 7, 9 and 11 % compositions based on particle weight used Particle size varied from 1.0-2.0 mm and the board density varied from 500-700 kg m-3. No significant improvement in MOR, MOE and IB was observed when the particle size was increased from 1.0 to 2.0 mm. However, with larger particle size the water absorption and thickness swelling properties improved. Increasing the resin content from 7-11 % significantly increases the mechanical properties and improves the water absorption and thickness swelling properties. Increasing the board density results in an increase in MOR, MOE and IB and a significant increase in the water absorption and thickness swelling properties. Particleboard with a high board density and resin content of more than 9 %met the minimum British Standard requirements. 

scholarly journals Distribution of Vascular Bundles and Physical Properties Analysis of Variety DxP Oil Palm Trunk Based on Various Zones and Trunk Heights

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Erwinsyah Erwinsyah
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Regression Test

In an attempt to obtain a homogenous board density from the palm trunk, this research was carried out to analyze the distribution of vascular bundles and the physical properties of the oil palm trunk (moisture content, density, and specific gravity) in various zones and trunk heights. Oil palm trunk samples were used from 29 years old palm (Planted on 1991) which acquired from Aek Pancur Experimental plantation, Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI). The oil palm trunk sample was cut based on the trunk zones (peripheral, central, and inner), and trunk heights (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 m). The observed parameters were vascular bundles, moisture content, density, and specific gravity. The results showed that the highest number of vascular bundles in the peripheral zone (73.66 vb/cm2). In addition that, the highest density and specific gravity also found in peripheral zone with an average 0,73 gram/cm3  and 0.53, whereas the highest moisture content was found in the inner zone with an average value 141%(w/w). Furthermore, the statistical analysis ((ANOVA and regression test (R2)) in this study showed that the trunk zone factor was more significant than the trunk height for all observed parameters (distribution of vascular bundles, moisture content, density and specific gravity).

Effects of Particle Sizes, Resin Content and Board Densities on the Properties of Phenol Formaldehyde Particleboard from Oil Palm Trunk Particles

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamaludin Kasim ◽  
Siti Zalifah Mahmud ◽  
Nurrohana Ahmad ◽  
Shaikh Abdul Karim Yamani ◽  
Siti Nor Ain Tamiran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Resin Content ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Dust Extractor

Twentyfive year old oil palm trunk supplied by MPOB, Bangi, Selangor, was converted into strands using a disk flaker and into particles using a dust extractor. Particleboard was produced using phenolic resin at 7, 9 and 11 % compositions based on particle weight used Particle size variedfrom 1.0-2.0 mm and the board density varied from 500-700 kg m'. No significant improvement in MaR, MOE and IB was observed when the particle size was increased from 1.0 to 2.0 mm. However, with larger particle size the water absorption and thickness swelling properties improved. Increasing the resin content from 7-11 % significantly increases the mechanical properties and improves the water absorption and thickness swelling properties. Increasing the board density results in an increase in MaR, MOE and1Banda significant increase in the water absorption and thickness swelling properties. Particleboard with a high board density and resin content ofmore than 9 % met the minimum British Standard requirements.

Agro-wastes: Mechanical and physical properties of resin impregnated oil palm trunk core lumber

2009 ◽  
pp. NA-NA ◽  
Author(s):  
H.P.S. Abdul Khalil ◽  
Aamir H. Bhat ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Parisa Amouzgar ◽  
R. Ridzuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties

scholarly journals Enhancement of Oil Palm Waste Nanoparticles on the Properties and Characterization of Hybrid Plywood Biocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Nuryawan ◽  
C. Abdullah ◽  
Che Hazwan ◽  
N. Olaiya ◽  
Esam Yahya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Properties And Characterization

Using oil palm trunk (OPT) layered with empty fruit bunch (EFB), so-called hybrid plywood enhanced with palm oil ash nanoparticles, with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin as a binder, was produced in this study. The phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins filled with different loading of oil palm ash (OPA) nanoparticles were prepared and used as glue for layers of the oil palm trunk (OPT) veneer and empty fruit bunch fibre mat. The resulting hybrid plywood produced was characterised. The physical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of the hybrid plywood panels were investigated. The results obtained showed that the presence of OPA nanoparticles significantly affected the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the plywood panels. Significant improvements in dimension from water absorption and thickness swelling experiments were obtained for the plywood panels with the highest OPA nanoparticles loading in PF resin. The mechanical properties indicated that plywood composites showed improvement in flexural, shear, and impact properties until a certain loading of OPA nanoparticles in PF resin. Fracture surface morphology also showed the effectiveness of OPA nanoparticles in the reduction of layer breakage due to force and stress distribution. The thermal stability performance showed that PF filled OPA nanoparticles contributed to the thermal stability of the plywood panels. Therefore, the results obtained in this study showed that OPA nanoparticles certainly improved the characteristic of the hybrid plywood.

scholarly journals Environmentally-Friendly High-Density Polyethylene-Bonded Plywood Panels

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlo Bekhta ◽  
Ján Sedliačik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
High Density ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Pressing Time

Thermoplastic films exhibit good potential to be used as adhesives for the production of veneer-based composites. This work presents the first effort to develop and evaluate composites based on alder veneers and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film. The effects of hot-pressing temperature (140, 160, and 180 °C), hot-pressing pressure (0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 MPa), hot-pressing time (1, 2, 3, and 5 min), and type of adhesives on the physical and mechanical properties of alder plywood panels were investigated. The effects of these variables on the core-layer temperature during the hot pressing of multiplywood panels using various adhesives were also studied. Three types of adhesives were used: urea–formaldehyde (UF), phenol–formaldehyde (PF), and HDPE film. UF and PF adhesives were used for the comparison. The findings of this work indicate that formaldehyde-free HDPE film adhesive gave values of mechanical properties of alder plywood panels that are comparable to those obtained with traditional UF and PF adhesives, even though the adhesive dosage and pressing pressure were lower than when UF and PF adhesives were used. The obtained bonding strength values of HDPE-bonded alder plywood panels ranged from 0.74 to 2.38 MPa and met the European Standard EN 314-2 for Class 1 plywood. The optimum conditions for the bonding of HDPE plywood were 160 °C, 0.8 MPa, and 3 min.

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