Parametric Study of RED Using Ammonium Bicarbonate Solution to Recover Low-Grade Waste Heat

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Daejoong Kim ◽  
Kilsung Kwon ◽  
Deok Han Kim ◽  
Longnan Li
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Ammonium Bicarbonate ◽  
Low Grade

scholarly journals Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of the Resistivity and Power Density in Reverse Electrodialysis: A Parametric Study

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Zohreh Jalili ◽  
Odne Stokke Burheim ◽  
Kristian Etienne Einarsrud
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Membrane Topology ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis

Electrodialysis (ED) and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are enabling technologies which can facilitate renewable energy generation, dynamic energy storage, and hydrogen production from low-grade waste heat. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study for maximizing the net produced power density of RED by coupling the Navier–Stokes and Nernst–Planck equations, using the OpenFOAM software. The relative influences of several parameters, such as flow velocities, membrane topology (i.e., flat or spacer-filled channels with different surface corrugation geometries), and temperature, on the resistivity, electrical potential, and power density are addressed by applying a factorial design and a parametric study. The results demonstrate that temperature is the most influential parameter on the net produced power density, resulting in a 43% increase in the net peak power density compared to the base case, for cylindrical corrugated channels.

Sludge Disposal from an Island Community

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. C. Gross ◽  
R. R. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Disposal Option ◽  
Total Process ◽  
Island Community ◽  
Farm Produce

The small island of Jersey is served by a single wastewater treatment plant at Bellozanne. Since its inception some 30 years ago the sludge produced has been used on agricultural land. Inevitably there are circumstances which prevent this happening without interruption, eg, poor weather, or seasonal demand. On these occasions, the island has no other disposal option to fall back on. Furthermore, concerns over the practice have created a perception that it might be doing harm to the ‘quality' of the farm produce. The responsible body, the Public Services Department, formulated a flexible, multiple option solution and commissioned Halcrow to engineer the capital works. The works centre around a thermal drying plant using biogas produced by the digestion process as the main fuel. Waste heat is recovered for digester heating making the total process potentially self sufficient in energy. At the same time, the bulk of the product is reduced considerably, providing an easily transported material with potential for use directly on the land as a fertilizer substitute or as a low grade fuel. Farfrom being a disposal problem requiring manpower and expense, sludge will soon be regarded by the States of Jersey as a valuable resource with a revenue potential.

scholarly journals The Influence of Concentration and Temperature on the Membrane Resistance of Ion Exchange Membranes and the Levelised Cost of Hydrogen from Reverse Electrodialysis with Ammonium Bicarbonate

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Yash Dharmendra Raka ◽  
Robert Bock ◽  
Håvard Karoliussen ◽  
Øivind Wilhelmsen ◽  
Odne Stokke Burheim
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Ammonium Bicarbonate ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Ohmic Resistance ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
The Impact

The ohmic resistances of the anion and cation ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) that constitute a reverse electrodialysis system (RED) are of crucial importance for its performance. In this work, we study the influence of concentration (0.1 M, 0.5 M, 1 M and 2 M) of ammonium bicarbonate solutions on the ohmic resistances of ten commercial IEMs. We also studied the ohmic resistance at elevated temperature 313 K. Measurements have been performed with a direct two-electrode electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. As the ohmic resistance of the IEMs depends linearly on the membrane thickness, we measured the impedance for three different layered thicknesses, and the results were normalised. To gauge the role of the membrane resistances in the use of RED for production of hydrogen by use of waste heat, we used a thermodynamic and an economic model to study the impact of the ohmic resistance of the IEMs on hydrogen production rate, waste heat required, thermochemical conversion efficiency and the levelised cost of hydrogen. The highest performance was achieved with a stack made of FAS30 and CSO Type IEMs, producing hydrogen at 8.48× 10−7 kg mmem−2s−1 with a waste heat requirement of 344 kWh kg−1 hydrogen. This yielded an operating efficiency of 9.7% and a levelised cost of 7.80 € kgH2−1.

scholarly journals Efficient and affordable thermomagnetic materials for harvesting low grade waste heat

APL Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 011105
Author(s):  
Daniel Dzekan ◽  
Anja Waske ◽  
Kornelius Nielsch ◽  
Sebastian Fähler
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Grade

A novel compressed air energy storage (CAES) system combined with pre-cooler and using low grade waste heat as heat source

Energy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long-Xiang Chen ◽  
Peng Hu ◽  
Chun-Chen Sheng ◽  
Mei-Na Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Compressed Air Energy Storage

A Parametric Examination of the Factors Affecting the Performance of a Diffusion Absorption Refrigeration System

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Noman Yousuf ◽  
Timothy Anderson ◽  
Roy Nates
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Thermally Driven ◽  
Mass Flowrate ◽  
Diffusion Absorption

Abstract Despite being identified nearly a century ago, the diffusion absorption refrigeration (DAR) cycle has received relatively little attention. One of the strongest attractions of the DAR cycle lies in the fact that it is thermally driven and does not require high value work. This makes it a prime candidate for harnessing low grade heat from solar collectors, or the waste heat from stationary generators, to produce cooling. However, to realize the benefits of the DAR cycle, there is a need to develop an improved understanding of how design parameters influence its performance. In this vein, this work developed a new parametric model that can be used to examine the performance of the DAR cycle for a range of operating conditions. The results showed that the cycle's performance was particularly sensitive to several factors: the rate of heat added and the temperature of the generator, the effectiveness of the gas and solution heat exchangers, the mass flowrate of the refrigerant and the type of the working fluid. It was shown that can deliver good performance at low generator temperatures if the refrigerant mass fraction in the strong solution is made as high as possible. Moreover, it was shown that a H2O-LiBr working pair could be useful for achieving cooling at low generator temperatures.

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