Dissipation and Impact of Herbicides on Soil Properties in Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
pp. 193-237
Author(s):  
P. Janaki ◽  
S. Meena ◽  
R. Shanmugasundaram ◽  
C. Chinnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tamil Nadu

scholarly journals Effect of biochar composite and organic sources on soil properties and yield of bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1198-1205
Author(s):  
B. Karthikeyan ◽  
B. Bhakiyathu Saliha ◽  
P. Kannan ◽  
S. Vellaikumar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Yield Attributes

Biochar is considered as a possible and potential tool for soil fertility improvement, climate change mitigation and long term sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. Soil application of biochar enhances the soil properties indirectly. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of organic manures viz., Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Vermicompost, Biochar, Biochar composite on soil properties, growth and yield of bhendi, Abelmoschus esculentus in Somayyanur soil series of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with eleven treatments and three replications during the summer season (March – June) 2021 with the inclusion of inorganic fertilizers based on soil test crop response (STCR) based recommendation. Application of biochar composite (5 t ha-1) along with STCR based NPK (75% STCR) increased the total carbon content in soil by 0.538 %. This, in turn, increased the available nitrogen status to 295 and 244 Kg ha-1 at 40 and 70 DAS, respectively. Similarly, the available phosphorous (22.4, 19.3 Kg ha-1) and potassium (344.70, 323.70 Kg ha-1) status also showed a considerable increase with the same treatment. The yield attributes of bhendi viz., fruit length, girth, weight, dry matter production and yield recorded maximum values of 15.23 cm, 6.93 cm, 21.56 g, 11.9 t ha-1 and 25.20 t ha-1 with the combined application of biochar composite and NPK. The findings revealed that 25 % STCR based NPK could be reduced with the application of 5 t ha-1 of biochar composite, which is economically an option besides promoting soil health.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF INORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND PRESSMUD COMPOST ON SOIL PROPERTIES, YIELD AND QUALITY OF BHENDI

2018 ◽  
pp. 05-08
Author(s):  
P. POONKODI, A. ANGAYARKANNI ◽  
R. VIJAYAKUMAR, A. BALAKUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Available N ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Pressmud Compost

A field experiment was conducted at farmer`s field in Sivapuri village, Chidambaram taluk, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu to study the effect of inorganic fertilizers and pressmud compost on soil properties, yield and quality of bhendi cultivar Arka anamika as a test crop. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam with a pH of 7.20, EC of 0.64 dSm-1 and CEC of 19.20 c mol (p+) kg-1. The results of the experiment clearly revealed that the application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer+15 tonnes of pressmud compost ha-1 (T4) registered the maximum fruit and stover yield of bhendi the same treatment T4 improved the quality attributes of bhendi viz., crude protein content, ascorbic acid content and crude fibre content. The available N, P, K and S content in the post harvest soil was maximum in the treatment T4. This treatment was followed by application of 75% recommended dose of fertilizer+15 tonnes of pressmud compost ha-1 (T7) regarding yield and quality attributes, as well as available nutrients status of post harvest soil. However, these two treatments were comparable to each other.

scholarly journals Functional Performance of Parallel Drain Subsurface System in Waterlogged Paddy Field

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
L. Kathirvel ◽  
M. Manikandan ◽  
A. Raviraj ◽  
M. Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Drain Spacing ◽  
System Reduction ◽  
Depth To Water Table ◽  
Poorly Drained Soils

Waterlogging induced salinity is a common problem in many command areas of irrigation projects. Subsurface drainage improves the productivity of poorly drained soils by decreasing the water table, providing greater soil aeration, improving root zone soil salinity and enhancing the crop yield. A pilot study has been conducted to explore the functional performance of the parallel drain subsurface system in waterlogged paddy field by considering the lateral drain spacing and drain depth are the factors influences the soil properties. This experiment was carried out in farmers’ field at Sembari village, Lalgudi, Tamil Nadu, India in waterlogged paddy field during October 2020 to February 2021. Treatments of this study consisted the combination of three lateral drains spacing of 7.5 m, 10.0 m and 12.5 m and two drain depths of 60 cm and 80 cm and a control plot. This study investigated the changes in soil properties, depth to water table, drainage coefficient and crop behaviors after installation of the system. Reduction in Soil pH, removal of slats in drain water, lowering the depth to water table and higher drainage coefficient recorded for narrow lateral drain spacing and deeper drain depth treatment has improved the root zone environment for crop growth. Paddy has been established very well in terms of plant height and number of tillers per plant in S1D2 (7.5 m drain spacing and 80 cm drain depth) treatment which was also reflected in grain yield and straw yield over undrained paddy field yield. Based on the results, it is recommended to install parallel drain subsurface system at 7.5 m drain spacing and 80 cm drain depth in the study area.

scholarly journals Geospatial Distribution of Iron in Major Sugarcane Growing Soils of Sivagangai, Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 350-364
Author(s):  
K. Chandrasekar ◽  
J. Prabhaharan ◽  
P. P. Mahendran ◽  
P. Saravana Pandiyan ◽  
A. Gurusamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Iron Availability ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Nutrient Index ◽  
Index Value

The present study was undertaken to assess the available DTPA iron status in the major sugarcane growing soils of Southern Sivangai district, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 500 geo referenced surface (0-30 cm) were collected from five blocks viz., Kalaiyarkovil, Padamathur, Sivagangai, Thiruppachetty and Thiruppuvanam and analyzed for basic soil properties and available DTPA iron. Simple correlation was worked out to ascertain the degree of relationship between soil properties and available DTPA iron content of soil study area. The available DTPA iron in the entire sugarcane growing soils ranged from 2.95 to 5.79 mg kg-1, 2.11 to 4.31 mg kg-1, 3.49 to 5.59 mg kg-1, 1.99 to 5.66 mg kg-1 and 3.94 to 6.39 mg kg-1 in soil samples of Kalaiyarkovil, Padamathur, Sivagangai, Thiruppachetty and Thiruppuvanam respectively. In the soil samples from Kalaiyarkovil, Padamathur, Sivagangai, Thiruppachetty, and Thiruppuvanam, the results revealed that 52, 59, 55, 53, and 51 % of the soils were deficient in available iron and 33, 29, 35, 30 and 32 % of the soils were moderate in available iron, and 15, 12, 10,5 and 17 % of the soils were sufficient in available iron. As per the nutrient index study, the soils of study area recorded very low to low fertility rating for available iron and the mean nutrient index value (NIV) ranged from 1.42 to 1.64 in the soil of the study area. SOC and CEC were found to have a beneficial impact on iron availability, whereas EC and CaCO3 levels had a negative impact on DTPA iron availability.

scholarly journals Influence of Organic Manures and Micronutrients Fertilization on the Soil Properties and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Coastal Saline Soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Elayaraja ◽  
S Sathiyamurthi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Coastal Saline Soil ◽  
Stalk Yield

The light texture coastal saline soils are well known for the deficiency of both macro and micronutrients especially zinc, boron, iron and manganese, etc. The zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) plays an important role in improving the growth, yield and quality of sesame. A field experiment was conducted to find out the influence of organics and micronutrients fertilization on the soil properties and yield of sesame in coastal saline soil. The experiment was carried out in a farmer’s field at Ponnanthittu coastal village, near Chidambaram Taluk, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. The Physico- chemical properties and nutrient status of initial soil were: pH- 8.43, EC- 4.25 dS m-1, organic carbon- 2.30 g kg-1 and DTPA Zn – 0.70 mg kg-1 and Mn- 0.96 mg kg-1, respectively. The treatments included were T1 -Control (Recommended dose of NPK), T2 –125% NPK + Composted coirpith (CCP) @ 12.5 t ha-1, T3 -T2 + ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 soil application (SA), T4 -T2 + MnSO4 @ 5 kg ha-1 (SA), T5 -T2 + (ZnSO4 + MnSO4) SA, T6 -T2 + ZnSO4 @ 0.5 % foliar application (FA),T7 -T2 + MnSO4 (FA), T8 -T2 + (ZnSO4 + MnSO4 )FA, T9 -T2 + ZnSO4 (SA) + ZnSO4 (FA), T10-T2 + MnSO4 (SA) + MnSO4 (FA) and T11-T2 + (ZnSO4 + MnSO4 ) SA + (ZnSO4 + MnSO4 )FA. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications, using sesame variety TMV 7. The results of the study indicated that the combined application of 125 per cent NPK + composted coirpith (CCP) @ 12.5 t ha-1 + ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + MnSO4 @ 5 kg ha-1 through soil application along with foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% + MnSO4 twice at 0.5 per cent significantly increased the soil nutrient availability, microbial population, enzyme activity and yield of sesame in coastal sandy soil. This treatment recorded the highest sesame seed yield of 815 kg ha-1 and stalk yield of 1805 kg ha-1 as compared 100% recommended NPK alone 421 and 944 kg ha-1 of seed and stalk yield, respectively.

scholarly journals Spatial Mapping of Soil Depth, Coarse Fragments and Textural Classes of Tamil Nadu Using Digital Soil Mapping Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kalaiselvi ◽  
S. Dharumarajan ◽  
M. Lalitha ◽  
R. Sriniv ◽  
R. Vasundhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Random Forest Model ◽  
Digital Soil Mapping ◽  
Environmental Covariates ◽  
Forest Model

Abstract Knowledge on spatial distribution of soil depth, coarse fragments and texture are crucial for land resource management and environmental soil modeling. Digital soil mapping approach helps in prediction of spatial soil information by establishing the relationship between soil and environmental covariates. In the present study, we assessed spatial distribution of soil depth, coarse fragments (CF) and soil textural classes over 0.13 M sq.km area of Tamil Nadu state. About 2100 samples were used for the prediction of soil properties using random forest model (RF). Out of which, 80 per cent samples were used for training and 20 percent samples were used for testing. Different environmental covariates such as digital elevation model outputs, landsat data and bioclimatic variables were related to predict the soil properties. The predicted soil depth and CF ranged from 46-200 cm and 1-42 per cent respectively. The RF model performed well by explaining the variability (R 2 ) of 43% for soil depth and 21% for coarse fragments with RMSE of 38 cm and 13%, respectively. The RF classifier classified the soil textural classes with 64% overall accuracy and 43% kappa index. Variable importance ranking of Random forest model showed that elevation, MrVBF are the important predictors used for prediction of soil depth and CF, whereas remote sensing vegetation indices such as NDVI, EVI were acted as primary variable for prediction of soil textural classes. In this study, 250 m resolution detailed soil depth, CF and textural class maps were prepared which will be useful for different environmental modeling and proper agricultural management purposes.

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