Prospects and Challenges for Deploying Direct Injection Technology for Compressed Natural Gas Engines

2018 ◽  
pp. 117-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Prasad ◽  
Tanmay Kar ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Natural Gas Engines ◽  
Injection Technology

Comparison between gasoline direct injection and compressed natural gas port fuel injection under maximum load condition

Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 117173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongwoo Lee ◽  
Cheolwoong Park ◽  
Jongwon Bae ◽  
Yongrae Kim ◽  
Sunyoup Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Port Fuel Injection

Transient Behavior of Glow Plugs in Direct-Injection Natural Gas Engines

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Xu Cheng ◽  
James S. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Glow Plug ◽  
Natural Gas Engines

Glow plugs are a possible ignition source for direct injected natural gas engines. This ignition assistance application is much different than the cold start assist function for which most glow plugs have been designed. In the cold start application, the glow plug is simply heating the air in the cylinder. In the cycle-by-cycle ignition assist application, the glow plug needs to achieve high surface temperatures at specific times in the engine cycle to provide a localized source of ignition. Whereas a simple lumped heat capacitance model is a satisfactory representation of the glow plug for the air heating situation, a much more complex situation exists for hot surface ignition. Simple measurements and theoretical analysis show that the thickness of the heat penetration layer is small within the time scale of the ignition preparation period (1–2 ms). The experiments and analysis were used to develop a discretized representation of the glow plug domain. A simplified heat transfer model, incorporating both convection and radiation losses, was developed for the discretized representation to compute heat transfer to and from the surrounding gas. A scheme for coupling the glow plug model to the surrounding gas computational domain in the KIVA-3V engine simulation code was also developed. The glow plug model successfully simulates the natural gas ignition process for a direct-injection natural gas engine. As well, it can provide detailed information on the local glow plug surface temperature distribution, which can aid in the design of more reliable glow plugs.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Ceramic Coated Piston Crown for Compressed Natural Gas Direct Injection Engines

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmisyah Ahmad Jalaludin ◽  
Shahrir Abdullah ◽  
Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali ◽  
Bulan Abdullah ◽  
Nik Rosli Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection Engines ◽  
Piston Crown

A quasi-one-dimensional model for an outwardly opening poppet-type direct gas injector for internal combustion engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1493-1519
Author(s):  
Abhishek Y Deshmukh ◽  
Carsten Giefer ◽  
Dominik Goeb ◽  
Maziar Khosravi ◽  
David van Bebber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Gas Jet ◽  
Nozzle Flow ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
One Dimensional

Direct injection of compressed natural gas in internal combustion engines is a promising technology to achieve high indicated thermal efficiency and, at the same time, reduce harmful exhaust gas emissions using relatively low-cost fuel. However, the design and analysis of direct injection–compressed natural gas systems are challenging due to small injector geometries and high-speed gas flows including shocks and discontinuities. The injector design typically involves either a multi-hole configuration with inwardly opening needle or an outwardly opening poppet-type valve with small geometries, which make accessing the near-nozzle-flow field difficult in experiments. Therefore, predictive simulations can be helpful in the design and development processes. Simulations of the gas injection process are, however, computationally very expensive, as gas passages of the order of micrometers combined with a high Mach number compressible gas flow result in very small simulation time steps of the order of nanoseconds, increasing the overall computational wall time. With substantial differences between in-nozzle and in-cylinder length and velocity scales, simultaneous simulation of both regions becomes computationally expensive. Therefore, in this work, a quasi-one-dimensional nozzle-flow model for an outwardly opening poppet-type injector is developed. The model is validated by comparison with high-fidelity large-eddy simulation results for different nozzle pressure ratios. The quasi-one-dimensional nozzle-flow model is dynamically coupled to a three-dimensional flow solver through source terms in the governing equations, named as dynamically coupled source model. The dynamically coupled source model is then applied to a temporal gas jet evolution case and a cold flow engine case. The results show that the dynamically coupled source model can reasonably predict the gas jet behavior in both cases. All simulations using the new model led to reductions of computational wall time by a factor of 5 or higher.

scholarly journals Compressed Natural Gas Direct Injection: Comparison Between Homogeneous and Stratified Combustion

10.5772/67336 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrir Abdullah ◽  
Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood ◽  
Saad Aljamali ◽  
Azhari Shamsudeen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Stratified Combustion
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