Targeting Plant Hormones to Develop Abiotic Stress Resistance in Wheat

Plant cells are surrounded by highly dynamic cell walls that play important roles regulating aspects of plant development. Recent advances in visualization and measurement of cell wall properties have enabled accumulation of new data about wall architecture and biomechanics. This has resulted in greater understanding of the dynamics of cell wall deposition and remodeling. The cell wall is the first line of defense against different adverse abiotic and biotic environmental influences. Different abiotic stress conditions such as salinity, drought, and frost trigger production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which act as important signaling molecules in stress activated cellular responses. Detection of ROS by still-elusive receptors triggers numerous signaling events that result in production of different protective compounds or even cell death, but most notably in stress-induced cell wall remodeling. This is mediated by different plant hormones, of which the most studied are jasmonic acid and brassinosteroids. In this review we highlight key factors involved in sensing, signal transduction, and response(s) to abiotic stress and how these mechanisms are related to cell wall-associated stress acclimatization. ROS, plant hormones, cell wall remodeling enzymes and different wall mechanosensors act coordinately during abiotic stress, resulting in abiotic stress wall acclimatization, enabling plants to survive adverse environmental conditions.

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S-Nitrosylation in Abiotic Stress in Plants and Nitric Oxide Interaction with Plant Hormones

Mechanism of Plant Hormone Signaling under Stress ◽

10.1002/9781118889022.ch16 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 399-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ankita Sehrawat ◽

Renu Deswal

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Plant Hormones

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Application of pangenomics for wheat molecular breeding.

Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield ◽

10.1079/9781789245431.0013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 236-246

Author(s):

Cassandria Tay Fernandez ◽

Jacob Marsh ◽

Mônica Furaste Danilevicz ◽

Clémentine Mercé ◽

David Edwards

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Resistance ◽

Molecular Breeding ◽

Genome Mapping ◽

Global Environment ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Long Read ◽

Beneficial Traits ◽

Variable Genes

Abstract This chapter discusses the application of pangenomics for molecular breeding of wheat. Pangenomes can be used by both researchers and breeders alike to develop elite wheat cultivars through the discovery and integration of genetic variations associated with agronomically beneficial traits. By providing a reference that accommodates for variation in individuals, variants whose presence and/or absence control abiotic stress resistance and yield can be identified. This tool has only become more informative as more wheat varieties are sequenced, new sequencing approaches such as long-read sequencing and genome mapping are utilized, and tools for pangenomic analysis are developed. With pangenomics, variable genes from wild wheat relatives and related species can be used to optimize wheat molecular breeding and develop improved varieties tailored for the changing global environment.

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Effects of Substrate-Binding Site Residues on the Biochemical Properties of a Tau Class Glutathione S-Transferase from Oryza sativa

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11010025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xue Yang ◽

Jinchi Wei ◽

Zhihai Wu ◽

Jie Gao

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Binding Site ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Stress Resistance ◽

Substrate Binding ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Substrate Binding Site

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs)—an especially plant-specific tau class of GSTs—are key enzymes involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. To improve the stress resistance of crops via the genetic modification of GSTs, we predicted the amino acids present in the GSH binding site (G-site) and hydrophobic substrate-binding site (H-site) of OsGSTU17, a tau class GST in rice. We then examined the enzyme activity, substrate specificity, enzyme kinetics and thermodynamic stability of the mutant enzymes. Our results showed that the hydrogen bonds between Lys42, Val56, Glu68, and Ser69 of the G-site and glutathione were essential for enzyme activity and thermal stability. The hydrophobic side chains of amino acids of the H-site contributed to enzyme activity toward 4-nitrobenzyl chloride but had an inhibitory effect on enzyme activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and cumene hydroperoxide. Different amino acids of the H-site had different effects on enzyme activity toward a different substrate, 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole. Moreover, Leu112 and Phe162 were found to inhibit the catalytic efficiency of OsGSTU17 to 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole, while Pro16, Leu112, and Trp165 contributed to structural stability. The results of this research enhance the understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of tau class GSTs to improve the abiotic stress resistance of crops.

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Pleiotropic morphological and abiotic stress resistance phenotypes of the hyper-abscisic acid producing Abo™ mutant in the periwinkleCatharanthus roseus

Journal of Biosciences ◽

10.1007/bf02708981 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 57-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shashi Pandey Rai ◽

Rajesh Luthra ◽

Madan Mohan Gupta ◽

Sushil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Resistance

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Plastid Sulfate Transporters Open Doors to Abiotic Stress Resistance

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.19.00364 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 180 (1) ◽

pp. 12-13

Author(s):

Charlotte M.M. Gommers

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Resistance

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Effect of Selection for Pyrethroid Resistance on Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Aedes aegypti from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12020124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 124

Author(s):

Keenan Amer ◽

Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez ◽

William C. Black ◽

Emilie M. Gray

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Insecticide Resistance ◽

Stress Resistance ◽

Pyrethroid Resistance ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Life History Parameters ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Selection For

The study of fitness costs of insecticide resistance mutations in Aedes aegypti has generally been focused on life history parameters such as fecundity, mortality, and energy reserves. In this study we sought to investigate whether trade-offs might also exist between insecticide resistance and other abiotic stress resistance parameters. We evaluated the effects of the selection for permethrin resistance specifically on larval salinity and thermal tolerance. A population of A. aegypti originally from Southern Mexico was split into two strains, one selected for permethrin resistance and the other not. Larvae were reared at different salinities, and the fourth instar larvae were subjected to acute thermal stress; then, survival to both stresses was compared between strains. Contrary to our predictions, we found that insecticide resistance correlated with significantly enhanced larval thermotolerance. We found no clear difference in salinity tolerance between strains. This result suggests that insecticide resistance does not necessarily carry trade-offs in all traits affecting fitness and that successful insecticide resistance management strategies must account for genetic associations between insecticide resistance and abiotic stress resistance, as well as traditional life history parameters.

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