scholarly journals Fascial Space Infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 441-459
Author(s):  
Rajasekhar Gaddipati
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Ancient Civilization ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fascial Space ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractDental infection has plagued humankind for as long as our civilization has been a fight against microorganisms by man dates back to ancient civilization. The discovery of antibiotics is encouraging trends conquest of the microbial infections. Infection of the deep facial spaces of the head and neck still represents a major challenge in hospitals. Untreated infections may result in abscess formation that can spread through different levels in and between the facial spaces and result in life-threatening situations including mediastinitis, pericarditis, meningitis, septic shock, airway compromise, jugular vein thrombosis, and arterial erosion, Although the complications are rare, they are serious and life threatening. The most critical point in the facial space infections is the understanding of the common and uncommon signs and symptoms, choice of antibiotics, definitive treatment and a thorough knowledge about the sequela if left unmanaged.

scholarly journals Deep neck space infections: our experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar Korivipati ◽  
Sandeep Irvineti ◽  
Mallikarjun Rao M.
Keyword(s):  
Admission Rate ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infections ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deep neck space infections (DNSI) are serious diseases that involve several spaces in the neck. The common primary sources of DNSI are tonsil infections, dental infections, salivary gland infections, foreign bodies and malignancies. With widespread use of antibiotics and early detection facilities, the prevalence of DNSI has been reduced. Common complications of DNSI include airway obstruction, jugular vein thrombosis, and sepsis. Treatment principally comprises airway management, antibiotic therapy, and surgical intervention. This study was conducted to investigate the age and sex distribution of patients, symptoms, presentation, sites involved, bacteriology, and management and complications of DNSI.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study of deep neck space infections was done during the period July 2015 to February 2017 i.e. 20 months who attended the outpatient and were admitted as inpatient in Shadan hospital, Hyderabad.50 Cases were included in the study. All parameters including age, gender, co-morbidities, presentation, site, bacteriology, complications, and investigations were studied.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Due to advent of antibiotics, deep neck space infections are in decreasing trend with admission rate accounting to 3% of total inpatients in our hospital. The common age group found to be affected is 10-20 years (28%). Out of all deep neck space infections, Ludwigs infections was common (32%) followed by peritonsillar infections (25%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Infection of the deep neck spaces is a common and potentially life threatening ENT disease and requires an interdisciplinary approach. Tooth infections and foreign body impaction are the commonest causes of these infections. Diabetes Mellitus is an important predisposing factor. Complications such as mediastinitis, septic shock and pleural effusion are possible; hence the surgeon should be cautious. </p>

A dangerous cause of airway obstruction: deep neck infection

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Deep Neck Infection ◽  
Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Neck Infection ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lethal Complications ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Fascial Spaces ◽  
Emergency Doctors

Deep neck infection (DNI) is an infection in the fascial spaces of the neck. Complications of DNI, including mediastinitis, internal jugular vein thrombosis, and upper airway obstruction, are severe and potentially life threatening. Therefore, early identification and accurate management of DNI are essential. We review the anatomy of the deep spaces of the neck to determine the route of DNI spread so that emergency doctors, physicians, and otorhinolaryngologists can quickly recognize the development of lethal complications of DNI, such as asphyxia from airway obstruction.

Vaginitis Due To Pichia fermentans in a Patient Affected by Endometrial Cancer: A Novel Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarifeh Adampour ◽  
Malihe Hasanzadeh ◽  
Hossein Zarrinfar ◽  
Maryam Nakhaei ◽  
Monika Novak Babič
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

Introduction: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract, which can be serious or life-threatening. Microbial infections can be one of the underlying causes of this type of cancer. Case Presentation: The present study describes the isolation of Pichia fermentans (Candida firmentaria var. firmentaria) from the vaginal secretions of a 61-year-old woman affected by endometrial cancer. She reported abdominal pain and vaginal discharge for 3 months, and had a history of diabetes, hypertension, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The isolated yeast was identified based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-ITS2 rDNA) sequence analysis. The in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing showed a higher effect for ketoconazole against P. fermentans than fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole. Conclusion: Correct differentiation between P. fermentans and other yeast should be considered. The in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing is recommended for rare yeast, and will help the physicians in providing the best treatment.

scholarly journals Caution in diagnosing angioedema as anaphylaxis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e230329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivam Patel ◽  
Roshan Mathew ◽  
Sanjeev Bhoi
Keyword(s):  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Frozen Plasma

Angioedema is one of the commonest life-threatening conditions with good outcome timely definitive treatment. However, failure to recognise the common presentation of an uncommon bradykinin-mediated angioedema in time may lead to fatal outcome in the emergency department (ED). We report a case of a 79-year-old male patient who presented to ED with features of ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema which was identified and resuscitated by the emergency physician with use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) leading to prompt recovery and good outcome.

scholarly journals An Uncommon Case of Splenic Abscess with Gangrenous Gas Necrosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sunil Basukala ◽  
Bishnu Deep Pathak ◽  
Gaurab Mainali ◽  
Bikash Bahadur Rayamajhi ◽  
Raveesh Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Percutaneous Aspiration ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Uncommon Case ◽  
The Common

Splenic abscess is a rare clinical entity with diagnostic challenges. Though rare, it is potentially a life-threatening clinical condition with high mortality reaching more than 70%. The common signs and symptoms include the triad of fever, left upper quadrant tenderness, and leukocytosis. Early diagnosis, however, can readily be made by the combination of clinical features, abdominal ultrasonography (USG), and computed tomography (CT). The management of splenic abscess includes medical therapy, CT-guided percutaneous aspiration, and splenectomy. We, hereby, present a rare case of splenic abscess with gangrenous gas necrosis, who underwent splenectomy.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis and effective therapy for sore throat

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
A. L. Guseva ◽  
M. L. Derbeneva
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Retropharyngeal Abscess ◽  
Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Life Threatening

Sore throat is a common complaint, which can be caused by a typical viral pharyngitis, or it can be rooted in a life-threatening disease such as epiglottitis or inflammation of the cellular spaces in the throat and neck. The doctor should take a closer look at a patient with a sore throat, immediately make a differential diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment, including surgical intervention, if necessary.The article discusses the most common causes of a sore throat, including various types of pharyngitis, paratonsillar abscess, parapharyngeal abscess, retropharyngeal abscess, epiglottitis.Viral pharyngitis has a favourable prognosis, resolves without intervention and complications, but bacterial and fungal pharyngitis have a more severe course. Streptococcal pharyngitis caused by group A в-hemolytic streptococcus holds a dominant position in bacterial etiology and requires the use of antibiotic therapy. The differential diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis is based on the modified Centor scores in the routine clinical practice. Antibiotic therapy for streptococcal pharyngitis includes a 10-day course of unprotected penicillins. If a patient has an allergic reaction to penicillins, it is recommended to use clindamycin or clarithromycin. The surgical intervention combined with intramuscular or intravenous antibiotic therapy is recommended for the treatment of purulent processes in the cellular spaces of the neck. These diseases can have life-threatening complications, which include neurological damage, the spread of purulent process in the mediastinum with the development of mediastinitis, laryn-geal stenosis, sepsis, necrotizing fasciitis, jugular vein thrombosis and erosion of the carotid artery. The third generation cephalosporins and protected penicillins are recommended for the treatment of epiglottitis, and respiratory fluoroquinolones are used, if a patient has a history of allergic reactions to penicillins. In severe cases with symptoms of stenosis, intubation can be performed in addition to the use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Acute Pancreatitis with Splenic Infarction as Early Postoperative Complication following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Kalabin ◽  
Vishnu R. Mani ◽  
Ankita Mishra ◽  
Hector Depaz ◽  
Leaque Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Postoperative Complication ◽  
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Splenic Infarction ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common

Obesity is becoming a global health burden along with its comorbidities. It imposes tremendous financial burden and health costs worldwide. Surgery has emerged as the definitive treatment option for morbidly obese patients with comorbidities. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is performed now more than ever making it imperative for physicians and surgeons to recognize both the common and the uncommon risks and complications associated with it. In this report we describe a rare early life-threatening postoperative complication following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. From our extensive review of literature, there is no existing report of acute pancreatitis with splenic infarction postsleeve gastrectomy to this date.

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of catheter-induced combined subclavian and internal jugular vein thrombosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Abulafia ◽  
DM Sherer ◽  
TG DeEulis
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Bedside Diagnosis

Catheter-induced subclavian and internal jugular vein thrombosis in a patient with unresectable ovarian carcinoma was diagnosed by sonography following subtle clinical symptomatology. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of central vein thrombosis offers applicable, noninvasive bedside diagnosis. The case we describe suggests that a low threshold should be maintained for application of this technique in the diagnosis of this potentially life-threatening complication, especially with the current widespread application of invasive monitoring.

scholarly journals Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Blueprints on the Oral Manifestation of COVID-19: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Khodavirdipour ◽  
Mahsa Asadimanesh ◽  
Seyed Alireza Masoumi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

AbstractNonsegmented positive-sense RNA enveloped RNA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can result in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This virus is from β-coronaviridae family of viruses. The common signs and symptoms of COVID-19 include pyrexia, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia, cephalgia, diarrhea, and nausea. Physicians and dentists around the world could directly link the COVID-19 and oral diseases such as ageusia and anosmia. After time passes, different aspects of symptoms of the diseases have been discovered. Research suggests that the oral cavity is the most vulnerable region for the virus because of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor abundance in the mouth. In this case report (no. of patients = 6), we would like to report significant findings in patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 reported to our clinic during May 2021 complaining about the oral manifestation of it such as xerostomia, gingival inflammation, and cracked teeth. All patients are younger than 40 years with no history of dental complaints and oral diseases. Fortunately, these symptoms are not life threatening and treatable/manageable by current treatment options. To date, there is no clear proof of how and via which pathway, SARS-CoV-2 genomic blueprint causes the oral manifestation of COVID-19 beside ACE2 receptor which is the only known biopathway for such incidents.

scholarly journals Severe Sepsis Associated with Lemierre’s Syndrome: A Rare but Life-Threatening Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Tawa ◽  
Raphaëlle Larmet ◽  
Yannick Malledant ◽  
Philippe Seguin
Keyword(s):  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Lemierre’S Syndrome ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Lemierre's Syndrome

Background.The incidence of Lemierre’s syndrome has increased in the past decade. This posttonsillitis complication may be life threatening.Case Presentation.A 19-year-old patient was admitted to Surgical Intensive Care Unit of a French University Hospital for high fever, low blood pressure, and haemoptysis following a sore throat episode. Blood analysis revealed a thrombopenia, an acute renal failure, and an elevated lactate serum.Fusobacterium necrophorumwas found in blood cultures. Computed tomography of the neck and lungs confirmed the diagnosis of Lemierre’s syndrome: pleural effusions, bilateral lung infiltrates, and an internal jugular vein thrombosis. Fluid administration and antibiotic treatment were quickly initiated. Patient left the unit four days after his admission without any organ dysfunction.Conclusion.Lemierre’s syndrome may lead to multiorgan dysfunction and should be rapidly identified.

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