What and How of Effective Police Enforcement

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Dinesh Mohan ◽  
Rahul Goel
Keyword(s):  
Police Enforcement

Exceptional condition of police enforcement: Driving speeds during the police strike

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Summala ◽  
R. Näätänen ◽  
M. Roine
Keyword(s):  
Police Enforcement

Getting a Hand By Cutting Them Off: How Uncertainty over Political Corruption Affects Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-480
Author(s):  
Paul Zachary ◽  
William Spaniel
Keyword(s):  
Political Corruption ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Criminal Violence ◽  
Police Enforcement ◽  
Using Data

Criminal violence differs from other conflicts because illegal cartels primarily use violence to eliminate rivals rather than overthrow the state. However, politicians’ ability to influence cartel behavior remains unclear. This article argues that politicians alter the use of violence by setting their jurisdiction’s police enforcement levels, but that cartels can bribe politicians to look the other way. Because cartels are uncertain about politicians’ corruptibility, not every bribe is successful. Following an election, cartels must invest resources into learning politicians’ level of corruption. Cartels only increase their level of violence after successfully bribing political leaders, which implies that local violence levels should increase the longer parties remain in office. The study formalizes this argument and tests its implications using data on homicides and political tenure from Mexico. The results link incumbency to violence and suggest Mexico experiences an additional 948 homicides for each year of increased political tenure after holding an election.

scholarly journals Alcohol- and drug-related public violence in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan G.C. van Amsterdam ◽  
Johannes G. Ramaekers ◽  
Robbert-Jan Verkes ◽  
Kim P.C. Kuypers ◽  
Anna E. Goudriaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
The Future ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Police Enforcement ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Public Environment

This study summarizes the literature about alcohol- and drug-related public violence in Europe. The proportion of all public violent incidents linked to alcohol was about 50 percent in the UK and ranged from 26 percent to 43 percent in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. Public violence related to drugs is much lower (1.5–18.0 percent). Relatively many public violent incidents occur in relation to nightlife (80 percent of alcohol-related incidents). Though a considerable proportion of public violence was alcohol or drug related, the actual use of such substances was rarely ascertained in perpetrators’ specimens. Such analysis is a prerequisite to heavier penalize alcohol- or drug-intoxicated perpetrators of public violence. More capacity should be deployed to measure alcohol and drugs in the specimens of violent perpetrators by analytical-chemical tests. As a result, more accurate estimates of substance-related public violence are obtained, which will serve policy makers and police enforcement officials to take measures for securing a safer public environment and sustainable nightlife industry in the future.

Measuring disparities in police activities: a state of the art review

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Smith ◽  
Jeff J. Rojek ◽  
Matthew Petrocelli ◽  
Brian Withrow
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Decision Making ◽  
Police Enforcement ◽  
American Society ◽  
Promising Line ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a contemporary review of the research on racial disparities in police decision making. Design/methodology/approach State of the art literature review. Findings The findings are mixed on racial disparities in the primary policing domains of stops, arrests, use of force, and neighborhood deployment. While minorities are often overrepresented among those subjected to police enforcement actions, these findings vary considerably. Almost all of the current studies that have reported racial disparities in the exercise of police authority lack the methodological rigor or statistical precision to draw cause and effect inferences. Research limitations/implications Efforts underway to document the impact of body-worn cameras on citizen complaints and force used by police could be extended to examine the impact of cameras on racial disparities in other enforcement-related outcomes such as arrests, stops and frisks, or searches. In addition, evaluating the effects of police training, such as anti-bias training or training on police legitimacy, on reducing racial disparities in police enforcement outcomes is another promising line of research inquiry. Originality/value This paper provides a concise review of the current state of the literature on a topic that is dominating the national conversation currently underway about the role of the police in American society.

scholarly journals Expectations, Effectiveness, Trust, and Cooperation: Public Attitudes towards the Israel Police during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gali Perry ◽  
Tal Jonathan-Zamir
Keyword(s):  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Orthodox Jews ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Police Enforcement ◽  
Do So

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the work of police agencies worldwide. Within a short period of time, the police were assigned new responsibilities and were required to change their priorities and focus on enforcing unusual emergency orders. These new tasks, as well as the emergency atmosphere and its socio-psychological implications, raise a series of questions about public expectations from and trust in the police during the pandemic period. In this article, we report the views of majority communities in Israel (non-Orthodox Jews), as expressed in a survey carried out in the midst of the pandemic. We find that this population supports police enforcement of the new orders and trusts them to do so with integrity, believes the police have been successful in this arena, and is willing to report violations of emergency regulations. Overall, responses indicate more favourable attitudes towards the police, echoing previous findings on policing emergencies.

Iran’s women’s rights movement will be contested

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Negative Reaction ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Police Enforcement

Significance Although this remains against the law, he said police enforcement could lead to a "wide-scale negative reaction". An ongoing Iranian conversation about economic and political women’s rights has gained more attention since 2017, through the global #metoo movement. Impacts Gradual changes to social realities are more likely than revised legislation on women’s rights. Social media will be the dominant method of spreading the Iranian feminist agenda. Momentum created by economic discontent could be used by the women’s movement to question the status quo.

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