scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Water Spring Areas Using Geophysical Methods, Northern UAE

2021 ◽  
pp. 493-508
Author(s):  
Abdel Azim Ebraheem ◽  
Mohsen Sherif ◽  
Mohamed Al Mulla ◽  
Khaled Alghafli ◽  
Ahmed Sefelnasr
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Resistivity Imaging ◽  
Earth Resistivity ◽  
Oman Mountains ◽  
Fractured Aquifers ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Observation Wells ◽  
Water Spring

AbstractThe Khatt, Madab, and Al Ghmour Springs are important springs in UAE. They are located in the foothills of the Oman Mountains. The water temperature of these springs is relatively high (approximately 39 °C). Overexploitation of fractured aquifers negatively affected the waterflows from these springs. The outflows from these springs are time-dependent and range from 10 to 50 L/s (until 1998) to 1–10 L/s (until 2010). To assess the current conditions of the spring areas, relevant data were carefully reviewed, analyzed, and stored in a GIS database. A 3D-geological model was developed for the Khatt Springs area, which allowed different types of visualizations, calculations, and predictions. In addition, a 2D earth resistivity imaging survey was performed to evaluate the available groundwater resources, characterize the major faults/fractures feeding these springs, and to determine the locations of saturated fractures and karsts and the thicknesses of the unconsolidated materials in the wadis. Borehole and drilling information from observation wells were utilized to enhance the analysis of the earth resistivity imaging data. The described procedures and acquired results indicated that it was possible to determine the locations of two production wells for feeding Al Ghmour Springs with water during drought periods to keep it alive.

An Inversion of Rayleigh Waves Dispersion Curves as a Tool to Recognize the Bedrock Depth in Chorzów Stary, Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Jan Mendecki ◽  
Wacław Marian Zuberek ◽  
Przemysław Hrehorowicz ◽  
Szymon Jarek
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Wave Dispersion ◽  
Dispersion Curves ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Resistivity Imaging ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Refraction Microtremor ◽  
Bedrock Depth

Abstract Identification of a bedrock beneath soft cover is one of the most important task in engineering geology. The location of boundary-overburden information may be used by investors, builders and municipal authorities to design an infrastructure or land-use plans. In such issues the application of appropriate geophysical methods is useful. However, in urban zones and areas characterized by subsurface soft layer the usage of certain methods (eg.: seismic refraction) is not advisable. The passive method of Refraction Microtremor (ReMi) can fulfill its tasks in the relatively difficult urban environment. The vertical S-wave velocity profiles were carried out as a result of inversion of Rayleigh wave dispersion curves obtained from ReMi method. The change of S-wave velocities allowed to distinguish shallow geological layers in the area of Chorzów Stary. Preliminary measurements allowed to identify the Carboniferous bedrock at a depth of 14 -18 m what has been confirmed by resistivity imaging. Furthermore, unconsolidated deposits are also recognized and the seismic results show a good correlation with the available geological information and resistivity imaging data.

scholarly journals Depth–Sequential Investigation of Major Ions, δ18o, δ2h and δ13C in Fractured Aquifers of the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada) Using Passive Samplers

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1806
Author(s):  
Guillaume Meyzonnat ◽  
Florent Barbecot ◽  
José Corcho Alvarado ◽  
Daniele Luigi Pinti ◽  
Jean-Marc Lauzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Aquifer Heterogeneity ◽  
Fractured Aquifers ◽  
Fractured Carbonate ◽  
Observation Wells

General and isotopic geochemistry of groundwater is an essential tool to decipher hydrogeological contexts and flow paths. Different hydrogeochemical patterns may result from the inherent physical aquifer heterogeneity, which may go unnoticed without detailed investigations gathered from multilevel or multiple observation wells. An alternative to overcome the frequent unavailability of multiple wellbores at sites is to perform a detailed investigation on the single wellbore available. In this perspective, the aim of this study is to use passive samplers to sequentially collect groundwater at depths in long–screened wellbores. Such investigation is carried out for major ions and stable isotopes compositions (δ2H, δ18O, δ13C) at ten sites in the context of fractured carbonate aquifers of the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada). The information gathered from the calco–carbonic system, major ions and stable isotopes report poorly stratified and evolved groundwater bodies. Contribution of water impacted by anthropogenic activities, such as road salts pollution and carbon sources from C4 vegetation, when they occur, are even observed at the greatest depths. Such observations suggest quick flow paths and efficient mixing conditions, which leads to significant contributions of contemporary groundwater bodies in the fractured aquifers investigated down to depths of about 100 m. Although physical aquifer investigation reported few and heterogeneously distributed fractures per wellbore, hydrogeochemical findings point to at overall well interconnected fracture networks in the aquifer and high vulnerability of groundwater, even at significant depths.

scholarly journals A geophysical analysis of hydro-geomorphic controls within a headwater wetland in a granitic landscape, through ERI and IP

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1973-2015
Author(s):  
E. S. Riddell ◽  
S. A. Lorentz ◽  
D. C. Kotze
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Imaging ◽  
Resistivity Imaging ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Headwater Wetland ◽  
Considerable Degradation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Geomorphic Processes

Abstract. Wetlands are undergoing considerable degradation in South Africa. As interventions are often technical and costly, there is a requirement to develop conceptual process models for these wetland systems so that rehabilitation attempts will be successful. This paper presents an approach using the geophysical methods of Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and Induced Polarization (IP) to delineate sub-surface hydro-geomorphic controls that maintain equilibrium disconnectivity of wetland-catchment processes, which through gully erosion are increasing the catchments connectivity through loss of water and sediment. The findings presented here give insight into the geomorphic processes that maintain the wetland in an un-degraded state, this allows for the development of a conceptual model outlining the wetland forming processes. The analysis suggests that sub-surface clay-plugs, within an otherwise sandy substrate are created by illuviation of clays from the surrounding hillslopes particularly at zones of valley confinement.

scholarly journals Potential shallow aquifers characterization through an integrated geophysical method: multivariate approach by means of k-means algorithms

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Bernardinetti ◽  
Stefano Maraio ◽  
Pier Paolo Gennaro Bruno ◽  
Valentina Cicala ◽  
Serena Minucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Wave Refraction ◽  
Bivariate Data ◽  
Shallow Basin

The need to obtain a detailed hydrogeological characterization of the subsurface and its interpretation for the groundwater resources management, often requires to apply several and complementary geophysical methods. The goal of the approach in this paper is to provide a unique model of the aquifer by synthesizing and optimizing the information provided by several geophysical methods. This approach greatly reduces the degree of uncertainty and subjectivity of the interpretation by exploiting the different physical and mechanic characteristics of the aquifer. The studied area, into the municipality of Laterina (Arezzo, Italy), is a shallow basin filled by lacustrine and alluvial deposits (Pleistocene and Olocene epochs, Quaternary period), with alternated silt, sand with variable content of gravel and clay where the bottom is represented by arenaceous-pelitic rocks (Mt. Cervarola Unit, Tuscan Domain, Miocene epoch). This shallow basin constitutes the unconfined superficial aquifer to be exploited in the nearly future. To improve the geological model obtained from a detailed geological survey we performed electrical resistivity and P wave refraction tomographies along the same line in order to obtain different, independent and integrable data sets. For the seismic data also the reflected events have been processed, a remarkable contribution to draw the geologic setting. Through the k-means algorithm, we perform a cluster analysis for the bivariate data set to individuate relationships between the two sets of variables. This algorithm allows to individuate clusters with the aim of minimizing the dissimilarity within each cluster and maximizing it among different clusters of the bivariate data set. The optimal number of clusters “K”, corresponding to the individuated geophysical facies, depends to the multivariate data set distribution and in this work is estimated with the Silhouettes. The result is an integrated tomography that shows a finite number of homogeneous geophysical facies, which therefore permits to distinguish and interpret the porous aquifer in a quantitative and objective way.

GEOPHYSICAL METHODS ADAPTED TO HIGHWAY ENGINEERING PROBLEMS

Geophysics ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Woodward Moore
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Highway Engineering ◽  
Earth Resistivity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Test Use

Of the several geophysical methods used in exploration for oil and useful ore bodies, the earth‐resistivity and seismic‐refraction tests have been found to be the most adaptable to the shallow tests generally required in highway construction work. Of these, the earth‐resistivity test is the faster and has a wider range of application to highway problems than does the seismic test. Use of both methods of tests in subsurface explorations for engineering structures is expanding. The paper cites a growing need for a more thorough subsurface investigation of all engineering structure sites and gives examples of field data obtained by the Bureau of Public Roads when making preliminary geophysical surveys of proposed highway locations or structure sites. The economic aspects and the advantages and limitations of the two methods of test are discussed with particular reference to their application to highway engineering problems.

scholarly journals Aquifer Susceptibility to Groundwater Pumping in Kediri City, East Java Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
T Widodo ◽  
W Wilopo ◽  
A Setianto
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Aquifer Storage ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Storage Characteristics

Abstract The development of Kediri City in various sectors, such as industry, agriculture, and population growth, also increases water. The utilization of groundwater is still a major mainstay in this area. The utilization of groundwater includes the construction of production wells for irrigation and raw water. The aquifer susceptibility should be considered during groundwater exploitation to minimize a negative impact on the environment. This research aims to analyze the susceptibility of the aquifer to pumping in Kediri City, which is helpful for planning and making decisions in the management of groundwater resources. The determination of aquifer susceptibility is based on aquifer response characteristics, aquifer storage characteristics, allowable subsidence of groundwater level, and depth to the groundwater table. Based on those parameters, it can be concluded that the aquifer susceptibility on groundwater utilization in Kediri City is at moderate and high levels. Areas with moderate aquifer susceptibility are located on the west side of Kediri City, and high aquifer susceptibility is in the middle to the eastern side of Kediri City.

scholarly journals Geophysical methods and data administration in Danish groundwater mapping

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingelise Møller ◽  
Verner H. Søndergaard ◽  
Flemming Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Hydrogeological Mapping ◽  
Groundwater Mapping ◽  
Geophysical Mapping

Groundwater mapping in Denmark has high priority. It was initiated in the 1990s when the pressure on groundwater resources increased due to urban development and pollution from industrial and agricultural sources. In some areas, the groundwater mapping included survey drillings, modelling based on existing knowledge and geophysical mapping with newly developed methods that made area coverage on a large scale possible. The groundwater mapping that included development of new geophysical methods showed promising results, and led to an ambitious plan to significantly intensify the hydrogeological mapping in order to improve the protection of the Danish groundwater resources. In 1999 the Danish Government initiated the National Groundwater Mapping Programme with the objective to obtain a detailed description of the aquifers with respect to localisation, extension, distribution and interconnection as well as their vulnerability to pollution (Thomsen et al. 2004). This mapping programme covers around 40% of the area of Den - mark designated as particularly valuable water abstraction areas. Water consumers fi nance the mapping programme by paying 0.04 € per cubic metre of consumed water. At the end of the programme in 2015, the total cost is estimated to be about 250 000 000 € with a significant part spent on geophysical mapping.

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