Recent Technologies for Lignocellulose Biomass Conversion to Bioenergy and Biochemicals

2022 ◽  
pp. 23-56
Author(s):  
Sonika Kag ◽  
Neha Kukreti ◽  
Rohit Ruhal ◽  
Sweeti Mann ◽  
Jaigopal Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Lignocellulose Biomass

scholarly journals The Expansion of Lignocellulose Biomass Conversion Into Bioenergy via Nanobiotechnology

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revathy Sankaran ◽  
Kalaimani Markandan ◽  
Kuan Shiong Khoo ◽  
Chin Kui Cheng ◽  
Veeramuthu Ashokkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Lignocellulose Biomass

Lignocellulosic biomass has arisen as a solution to our energy and environmental challenges because it is rich in feedstock that can be converted to biofuels. Converting lignocellulosic biomass to sugar is a complicated system involved in the bioconversion process. There are indeed a variety of techniques that have been utilized in the bioconversion process consisting of physical, chemical, and biological approaches. However, most of them have drawbacks when used on a large scale, which include the high cost of processing, the development of harmful inhibitors, and the detoxification of the inhibitors that have been produced. These constraints, taken together, hinder the effectiveness of current solutions and demand for the invention of a new, productive, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable technique for LB processing. In this context, the approach of nanotechnology utilizing various nanomaterials and nanoparticles in treating lignocellulose biomass and bioenergy conversion has achieved increased interest and has been explored greatly in recent times. This mini review delves into the application of nanotechnological techniques in the bioconversion of lignocellulose biomass into bioenergy. This review on nanotechnological application in biomass conversion provides insights and development tools for the expansion of new sectors, resulting in excellent value and productivity, contributing to the long-term economic progress.

scholarly journals Role of Microbial Biomechanics in Composting with Special Reference to Lignocellulose Biomass Digestion

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
Philip Ghanney ◽  
Joseph Xorse Kugbe ◽  
Dominic Kwadwo Anning
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Research Bias ◽  
Biomass Transformation ◽  
Lignocellulose Biomass

Biomass transformation of lignocellulose into compost offers ‘green’ technology for sustainable agricultural development. So far, biomass conversion into compost outweighs fossil resources and other conversational techniques due to the low production cost and environmental pollution reduction. Although composting has aesthetically been resorted to in the digestibility of lignocellulose biomass, its realization has keenly been directed towards adding chemical reagents. However, inclining massively to this treatment instigated research bias as microorganisms’ biomass digestibility remains mostly inadequate. Besides, proliferated growth and activities of microorganisms native to lignocellulose biomass are usually disrupted by chemical treatment. The microbial flora (fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, archaea, and yeast) involved in composting synthesizes complex biocatalysts (enzymes) that are crucial for solubilizing the biopolymers of lignocellulose materials at a density of 1012 cells g-1. Filamentous fungi are by far excellent degraders of lignocellulose in nature. To adequately ensure sustainable lignocellulose digestibility, microbial engineers must subject research studies to surpassing conditions (feedstock formulation and management processes) suitable for inducing ligninolytic, cellulolytic, and hemicellulolytic enzymes. Hence, the state-of-the-art-method of this review provides insights that relate to mechanisms of microbial reactions on the digestibility of lignocellulose biomass during composting.

Technologies for Biomass Conversion

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Bucura ◽  
Violeta Niculescu ◽  
Elena David ◽  
Claudia Sisu ◽  
Marius Constantinescum
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion

Modulation in Ru and Cu nanoparticles contents over CuAlPO-5 in synergistic enhancement in the selective reduction and oxidation of biomass-derived furan based alcohols and carbonyls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Kumar ◽  
Rajaram Bal ◽  
Rajendra Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Selective Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
Synergistic Enhancement ◽  
Reduction And Oxidation ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Lignocellulose Biomass

Furfural (FAL) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are important and sustainable platform chemicals. They are produced from lignocellulose biomass and attract significant attention as precursors for producing value-added chemicals and fuels. The...

scholarly journals Bio-Based Polyurethane Networks Derived from Liquefied Sawdust

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3138
Author(s):  
Kamila Gosz ◽  
Agnieszka Tercjak ◽  
Adam Olszewski ◽  
Józef Haponiuk ◽  
Łukasz Piszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Hydroxyl Number ◽  
Step Method ◽  
One Step ◽  
Liquefaction Process ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Liquefaction Temperature

The utilization of forestry waste resources in the production of polyurethane resins is a promising green alternative to the use of unsustainable resources. Liquefaction of wood-based biomass gives polyols with properties depending on the reagents used. In this article, the liquefaction of forestry wastes, including sawdust, in solvents such as glycerol and polyethylene glycol was investigated. The liquefaction process was carried out at temperatures of 120, 150, and 170 °C. The resulting bio-polyols were analyzed for process efficiency, hydroxyl number, water content, viscosity, and structural features using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The optimum liquefaction temperature was 150 °C and the time of 6 h. Comprehensive analysis of polyol properties shows high biomass conversion and hydroxyl number in the range of 238–815 mg KOH/g. This may indicate that bio-polyols may be used as a potential substitute for petrochemical polyols. During polyurethane synthesis, materials with more than 80 wt% of bio-polyol were obtained. The materials were obtained by a one-step method by hot-pressing for 15 min at 100 °C and a pressure of 5 MPa with an NCO:OH ratio of 1:1 and 1.2:1. Dynamical-mechanical analysis (DMA) showed a high modulus of elasticity in the range of 62–839 MPa which depends on the reaction conditions.

scholarly journals Novel molecular biological tools for the efficient expression of fungal lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in Pichia pastoris

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Rieder ◽  
Katharina Ebner ◽  
Anton Glieder ◽  
Morten Sørlie
Keyword(s):  
Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases ◽  
Expression Host ◽  
Shake Flask Cultivation ◽  
Polysaccharide Monooxygenases ◽  
Efficient Expression ◽  
High Yields

Abstract Background Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are attracting large attention due their ability to degrade recalcitrant polysaccharides in biomass conversion and to perform powerful redox chemistry. Results We have established a universal Pichia pastoris platform for the expression of fungal LPMOs using state-of-the-art recombination cloning and modern molecular biological tools to achieve high yields from shake-flask cultivation and simple tag-less single-step purification. Yields are very favorable with up to 42 mg per liter medium for four different LPMOs spanning three different families. Moreover, we report for the first time of a yeast-originating signal peptide from the dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1 (OST1) form S. cerevisiae efficiently secreting and successfully processes the N-terminus of LPMOs yielding in fully functional enzymes. Conclusion The work demonstrates that the industrially most relevant expression host P. pastoris can be used to express fungal LPMOs from different families in high yields and inherent purity. The presented protocols are standardized and require little equipment with an additional advantage with short cultivation periods.

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