Distribution of glycoconjugates in the optic vesicle and optic cup

AjitJ. Alles; AliR. Fazel; SamuelS. Spicer; RichardM. Dom

doi:10.1007/bf00186468

The Msh-like homeobox genes define domains in the developing vertebrate eye

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.112.4.1053 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 112 (4) ◽

pp. 1053-1061 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A.P. Monaghan ◽

D.R. Davidson ◽

C. Sime ◽

E. Graham ◽

R. Baldock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Embryo ◽

Ciliary Body ◽

Cellular Differentiation ◽

Temporal Relationship ◽

Chromosomal Location ◽

Neural Retina ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Surface Ectoderm ◽

Optic Cup ◽

Vertebrate Eye

The mouse Hox-7.1 gene has previously been shown to be related to the Drosophila Msh homeobox-containing gene. Here we report the isolation of a new member of this family which resides at an unlinked chromosomal location and has been designated Hox-8.1. Both Hox-7.1 and Hox-8.1 are expressed in the mouse embryo during the early stages of eye development in a distinct spatial and temporal relationship. Hox-8.1 is expressed in the surface ectoderm and in the optic vesicle before invagination occurs in regions corresponding to the prospective corneal epithelium and neural retina, respectively. Hox-7.1 is expressed after formation of the optic cup, marking the domain that will give rise to the ciliary body. The activity of these genes indicates that the inner layer of the optic cup is differentiated into three distinct compartments before overt cellular differentiation occurs. Our results suggest that these genes are involved in defining the region that gives rise to the inner layer of the optic cup and in patterning this tissue to define the iris, ciliary body and retina.

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Genetics and functions of the retinoic acid pathway, with special emphasis on the eye

Human Genomics ◽

10.1186/s40246-019-0248-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Brian Thompson ◽

Nicholas Katsanis ◽

Nicholas Apostolopoulos ◽

David C. Thompson ◽

Daniel W. Nebert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retinoic Acid ◽

Embryonic Development ◽

Normal Development ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Limb Bud ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Bud Development ◽

Optic Cup ◽

Multistep Process ◽

Acid Pathway

AbstractRetinoic acid (RA) is a potent morphogen required for embryonic development. RA is formed in a multistep process from vitamin A (retinol); RA acts in a paracrine fashion to shape the developing eye and is essential for normal optic vesicle and anterior segment formation. Perturbation in RA-signaling can result in severe ocular developmental diseases—including microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma. RA-signaling is also essential for embryonic development and life, as indicated by the significant consequences of mutations in genes involved in RA-signaling. The requirement of RA-signaling for normal development is further supported by the manifestation of severe pathologies in animal models of RA deficiency—such as ventral lens rotation, failure of optic cup formation, and embryonic and postnatal lethality. In this review, we summarize RA-signaling, recent advances in our understanding of this pathway in eye development, and the requirement of RA-signaling for embryonic development (e.g., organogenesis and limb bud development) and life.

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Epithelial flow into the optic cup facilitated by suppression of BMP drives eye morphogenesis

10.1101/010165 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Stephan Heermann ◽

Lucas Schuetz ◽

Steffen Lemke ◽

Kerstin Krieglstein ◽

Joachim Wittbrodt

Keyword(s):

Morphological Changes ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Retinal Pigmented Epithelium ◽

Basal Surface ◽

Classical View ◽

Optic Cup ◽

Pigmented Epithelium ◽

Vertebrate Eye ◽

Eye Morphogenesis

The transformation of the oval optic vesicle to a hemispheric bi-layered optic cup involves major morphological changes during early vertebrate eye development. According to the classical view, the lens-averted epithelium differentiates into the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), while the lens-facing epithelium forms the neuroretina. We find a 4.7 fold increase of the entire basal surface of the optic cup. Although the area an individual RPC demands at its basal surface declines during optic cup formation, we find a 4.7 fold increase of the entire basal surface of the optic cup. We demonstrate that the lens-averted epithelium functions as reservoir and contributes to the growing neuroretina by epithelial flow around the distal rims of the optic cup. This flow is negatively modulated by BMP, which arrests epithelial flow. This inhibition results in persisting neuroretina in the RPE domain and ultimately in coloboma.

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Eye morphogenesis driven by epithelial flow into the optic cup facilitated by modulation of bone morphogenetic protein

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.05216 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Stephan Heermann ◽

Lucas Schütz ◽

Steffen Lemke ◽

Kerstin Krieglstein ◽

Joachim Wittbrodt

Keyword(s):

Marginal Zone ◽

Eye Development ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Basal Surface ◽

Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Retinal Determination ◽

Optic Cup ◽

Morphological Transformations ◽

Vertebrate Eye ◽

Ciliary Marginal Zone

The hemispheric, bi-layered optic cup forms from an oval optic vesicle during early vertebrate eye development through major morphological transformations. The overall basal surface, facing the developing lens, is increasing, while, at the same time, the space basally occupied by individual cells is decreasing. This cannot be explained by the classical view of eye development. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model, we show that the lens-averted epithelium functions as a reservoir that contributes to the growing neuroretina through epithelial flow around the distal rims of the optic cup. We propose that this flow couples morphogenesis and retinal determination. Our 4D data indicate that future stem cells flow from their origin in the lens-averted domain of the optic vesicle to their destination in the ciliary marginal zone. BMP-mediated inhibition of the flow results in ectopic neuroretina in the RPE domain. Ultimately the ventral fissure fails to close resulting in coloboma.

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A reinvestigation of some of the tissue movements involved in the formation of the neural tube and the eye/lens system of Triturus alpestris and Xenopus laevis

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.16.3.431 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 431-438

Author(s):

R. S. Lowery

Keyword(s):

Xenopus Laevis ◽

Neural Tube ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Neural Plate ◽

Eye Lens ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Lens System ◽

Lens Development ◽

Triturus Alpestris ◽

Optic Cup

Since the beginning of the century the generally accepted scheme of eye/lens development has been that proposed by Spemann (1901) and later confirmed by numerous workers. According to this scheme the two presumptive components of the definitive eye, the optic cup and the lens, are spatially separated at the flat neural plate stage. They later come into apposition as a result of tissue movements which occur during the formation of the neural tube; the optic vesicle then provides an inductive stimulus for the subsequent development of the presumptive lens tissue. Spemann's suggestions concerning the tissue movements involved in the early formation of the eye/lens system do not appear to have been fundamentally questioned until the publication of a number of papers by Chanturishvili (1943, 1949,1958,1959,1962), although the theory of lens induction has been modified by workers such as Liedke (1955), Jacobson (1963) and von Woellwarth (1962).

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Optic cup and lens development requires Pax6 expression in the early optic vesicle during a narrow time window

Developmental Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.02.033 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 294 (1) ◽

pp. 119-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

M. Valeria Canto-Soler ◽

Ruben Adler

Keyword(s):

Time Window ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Lens Development ◽

Pax6 Expression ◽

Optic Cup

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On the development of the layers of the retina in the chick after the formation of the optic cup

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rspl.1902.0011 ◽

1902 ◽

Vol 70 (459-466) ◽

pp. 84-86

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Internal Limiting Membrane ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

External Limiting Membrane ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Optic Cup ◽

Embryonic Spinal Cord ◽

Cerebral Vesicle

The inner wall of the retinal cup in a 4th-day chick has exactly the same structure as the wall of the embryonic cerebral vesicles or spinal cord at the same stage of development. Thus all the structures which His has described in the wall of the embryonic spinal cord can be also recognised in the inner wall of the retinal cup, and may therefore receive similar names. (1.) A network (the myelospongium), which is produced by the union of the processes of cells called spongio-blasts. The outer and inner extremities of the myelospongium network fuse to form the external and internal limiting membranes respectively (the external limiting membrane of the retina corresponds to the internal limiting membrane of the embryonic spinal cord or cerebral vesicle as it is next to the. cavity of the original optic vesicle).

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Mechanics of Optic Cup Invagination in the Embryonic Chick Eye

ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2012-80377 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Alina Oltean ◽

David C. Beebe ◽

Larry A. Taber

Keyword(s):

Eye Development ◽

Embryonic Chick ◽

Optic Vesicle ◽

Surface Ectoderm ◽

Morphogenetic Process ◽

Optic Cup ◽

Optic Vesicles ◽

Lens Vesicle ◽

Lens Placode

Invagination of epithelia is an essential morphogenetic process that occurs in early eye development. The mechanics of the tissue forces necessary for eye invagination are not yet understood [1]. The eyes begin as two optic vesicles that grow outwards from the forebrain and adhere to the surface ectoderm. At this point of contact, both the surface ectoderm and optic vesicle thicken, forming the lens placode and retinal placode, respectively. The two placodes then bend inward to create the lens vesicle and bilayered optic cup (OC) [1, 2].

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