scholarly journals The development of sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) plants from in vitro selection

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pofelis ◽  
H. Le ◽  
W. F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicide ◽  
Herbicide Resistant

In vitro selection for improved seedling vigour in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. McLean ◽  
J. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
C Cycle

Establishment of productive stands of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) is often difficult due to poor seedling vigour. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the relative effectiveness of in vitro selection conditions for seedling vigour and to choose the best lines for further evaluation. Birdsfoot trefoil seedlings from cvs. Leo and Upstart were selected on the basis of in vitro rate of germination at 5, 12 and 20 °C and subsequent seedling growth at 20 °C. Two cycles of recurrent selection were carried out. Progeny from both cycles of selection were evaluated under controlled and field conditions. In general, selection temperatures did not significantly affect emergence, individual shoot dry matter production or total shoot dry matter production. Emergence and total shoot dry matter yield were higher for selections within cv. Upstart than for selections within cv. Leo. Seedling vigour of cycle-2 selections was not superior to cycle-1 selections. Failure to make gains during the second cycle of selection is believed to be due to seed sterilization procedures during cycle-2 selection. Germplasms chosen for further evaluation include the 12 °C and 20 °C cycle-1 selections and the 20 °C cycle-2 selection from cv. Upstart. Key words: Lotus corniculatus L., birdsfoot trefoil, seedling vigour, in vitro selection, temperature

CASE STUDY: In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) Hay in Continuous Cultures1

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 570-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Williams ◽  
J.-S. Eun ◽  
C.M. Dschaak ◽  
J.W. MacAdam ◽  
B.R. Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation

EFFECT OF TANNINS ON THE DIGESTIBILITY OF TWO ISOSYNTHETIC STRAINS OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL (Lotus corniculatus L.) USING IN VITRO AND IN SACCO TECHNIQUES

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 751-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CHIQUETTE ◽  
K.-J. CHENG ◽  
J. W. COSTERTON ◽  
L. P. MILLIGAN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Forage Digestibility ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Sacco

Two new isosynthetic strains of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), containing low or high concentrations of tannin, were tested using in vitro and in sacco digestibility techniques. The high tannin (HT) strain contained an average of five times more tannin on a dry matter basis, than the low tannin (LT) strain. After 24-h in vitro digestion, by a rumen inoculum, there was less (P < 0.01) dry matter disappearance (45.7 vs. 54.4%) from the HT strain. Also, the development of gas pressure was lower (P < 0.01) and production of volatile fatty acids less (P < 0.05) with the HT strain than with the LT strain. Average dry matter loss from four replicated nylon bags was also lower (P < 0.01) for the HT strain than for the LT strain after 8, 12, and 24 h of incubation in rumen. These data indicate that a LT strain of birdsfoot trefoil might improve the forage digestibility. Key words: Birdsfoot trefoil, tannin, digestibility

In vitro screening of 51 birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.; Fabaceae) strains for anti-parasitic effects against Haemonchus contortus

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly D. Barone ◽  
Anne M. Zajac ◽  
Sarah M. Ferguson ◽  
Rebecca N. Brown ◽  
Jess D. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
Parasitic Effects

AbstractSecondary plant compounds have shown bioactivity against multi-drug resistant Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants. This study screened 51 strains of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus) crude aqueous extracts (BFT-AqE) for anti-parasitic activity in vitro against egg hatching, and of those 51 strains, 13 were selected for further testing of motility of first (L1) and third stage (L3) larvae, and exsheathment of L3. Proanthocyanidin content ranged between 1.4 and 63.8 mg PAC g−1 powder across the 51 BFT strains. When tested against egg hatching, 21 of the 51 aqueous extracts had an EC50 of 1–2 mg powder mL−1, 70% of the strains were >90% efficacious at 6 mg powder mL−1 and 11 of the strains were 100% efficacious at 3 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. Across the 13 strains tested against L3, efficacy ranged from 0 to 75% exsheathment inhibition, and 17 to 92% L3 motility inhibition at a concentration of 25 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. There was no correlation between the PAC content of BFT powders and the anti-parasitic activity of aqueous extracts, therefore other secondary compounds may have contributed to the observed anti-parasitic effects. Further testing of BFT using bioactivity-driven fractionation and screening of BFT populations for the identified anti-parasitic compounds is needed.

USING A CELLULOLYTIC COMPLEX TO ESTIMATE IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. DAVIS ◽  
R. L. McGRAW ◽  
D. A. SLEPER ◽  
P. R. BEUSELINCK
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Fiber Digestion ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

Digesting forages with a prepared cellulase solution (PCS) has been shown to be a rapid method of obtaining dry matter digestibility (DMD) estimates in many species. This procedure has not been previously used to obtain DMD estimates of broadleaf birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). A broad based population consisting of 19 accessions, representing 11 countries of origin, three germplasm pools, and two domesticated cultivars of birdsfoot trefoil was evaluated. The PCS was produced from culturing Trichoderma reesei Simmons culture number QM9414. Fiber and PCS determinations were compared to an in vitro rumen fermentation (IVDMD) procedure. The fiber components measured were; neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and hemicellulose (HEMI). The PCS procedures involved digestion using a PCS without any pre- or post-treatment (CS), acid-pepsin digestion followed by a single-stage digestion in PCS (APCS), acid detergent solution (ADS) followed by a two-stage digestion in PCS (ADSCS), and neutral detergent solution (NDS) followed by a two-stage digestion in PCS (NDSCS). All of the fiber and PCS procedures were significantly (P ≤ 0.001) correlated with IVDMD except HEMI. The CS procedure underestimated IVDMD by 199 g kg−1; however, it had the best regression coefficient (b = 0.99), had the second best correlation coefficient (r = 0.86), and required less time than the other PCS procedures. The APCS procedure provided the best estimate of IVDMD. It overestimated the IVDMD mean of birdsfoot trefoil by only 30 g kg−1 and was the most accurate (residual standard deviation (RSD) = 22 g kg−1) approach. The CS procedure is recommended when a ranking of samples is desired and actual values of DMD are not of primary interest.Key words: Fiber digestion, germplasm, in vitro dry matter digestibility, Lotus corniculatus L., Trichodenna reesei Simmons

Evaluation of birdsfoot-trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) regenerated plants following in vitro selection for herbicide tolerance

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1275-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. MacLean ◽  
W. F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Selection For ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Suspension cultures of Lotus corniculatus L., cv. Leo, were treated with the herbicides 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (10–20 ppm) or chlorsulfuron (2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide) (0.5–1.0 ppb) to select for either herbicide resistance or tolerance. Effects of the selection process on regeneration, pollen, chromosome number, and herbicide sensitivity of regenerates were evaluated. Plantlets regenerated from selective 2,4-D cultures exhibited low in vitro rooting percentage, a high percentage of shrivelled pollen, and variation in chromosome number. The effect of 2,4-D was confounded, in some cases, with the effect of duration of culture period. A slight degree of tolerance was observed in one of the selections to chlorsulfuron at 10 to 20 g ha−1. No sign of tolerance to 2,4-D was observed at 1.0 kg ha−1.

PRIMING AS THE FACTOR OF INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY SEED PRODUCTION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Characteristic Property ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Field Germination

A characteristic property of legumes is the formation of hard-stone seeds. To use such seeds for sowing, it is necessary to carry out measures to increase their seeding indicators. The article provides an overview of methods of pre-sowing preparation of seeds, priming (Seed Priming). The harvest of Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) can contain up to 90% or more hard-stone seeds. Mechanical priming of hard-stone seeds of Birdsfoot trefoil increases their germination energy and field germination.

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