USE OF ENERGOPROTEIN CONCENTRATES BASED ON LUPINE IN FEEDING DAIRY COWS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE KALININGRAD REGION

The data on feeding dairy cows of an energy protein concentrate (EPC) are presented. EPC consists of grain of narrow-leaved lupine, flax, triticale, subjected to heat treatment on a press extruder. The effect of EPC on the change in milk production of cows was determined. The inclusion of extruded concentrate based on lupine grains in the diets of cows made it possible to obtain an increase in milk. Concentrate based on lupine, flax, triticale is equal in biological value to full-fat soy, and at a much lower cost.

OPTIMIZATION OF CICATRICIAL DIGESTION OF COWS WHEN USING THE "FIBRASE"

The species composition and number of microflora, the total amount and diet of volatile fatty acids in the rumen content of experimental animals at the beginning of lactation were studied and the feasibility of using the feed additive "FIBRASE" in feeding lactating cows was determined.

USE OF ENZYME COMPLEX "FIBRASE" IN FEEDING COWS

Comparative analysis of nutritional value of daily rations of the cows used on the farm, determined a positive effect of enzyme complex "FIBRASE" on the level milk production and quality characteristics of milk cows in first third of lactation.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF SILAGE WHEN USING VARIOUS PRESERVING AGENT

A comparative assessment of the effectiveness of biological products of domestic production Biosib + Bioferm and a similar foreign Biotal Asidfast NS Gold for silage of perennial grasses of the first mowing is given. The advantage of the complex preparation Biosib + Bioferm has been established, the use of which leads to a higher content of crude and used protein, structural carbohydrates, metabolic and net lactation energy, and better digestibility of organic matter.

PRIMING AS THE FACTOR OF INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY SEED PRODUCTION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

A characteristic property of legumes is the formation of hard-stone seeds. To use such seeds for sowing, it is necessary to carry out measures to increase their seeding indicators. The article provides an overview of methods of pre-sowing preparation of seeds, priming (Seed Priming). The harvest of Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) can contain up to 90% or more hard-stone seeds. Mechanical priming of hard-stone seeds of Birdsfoot trefoil increases their germination energy and field germination.

ALFALFA VARIETIES ZONED IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article describes the main morphological and biological features of alfalfa varieties included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in the Central Chernozem zone of Russia. A total of 32 alfalfa varieties are included in the State register. This is 9 varieties of blue alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. Sativa) of domestic selection and 8 foreign, 11 varieties of variable alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. nothosubsp. varia (Martyn) Arcang.) domestic selection and 1 variety of foreign and 3 varieties of yellow alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang.). It shows the average and maximum yield of varieties determined in the process of state variety testing, as well as independent evaluation in research institutions in the region. Varieties of blue alfalfa of domestic selection Kevsala, Elena, Satellite, Vavilovskaya Yubileynaya were the most productive. The average yield of dry matter of these varieties reaches 8.4–9.2 t/ha, the maximum — 15.3–17.7 t/ha. Alfalfa varieties Timbale and Galaxy were the most productive among foreign varieties: the average yield of dry matter was 8.1 and 8.3 t/ha, the maximum – 15.5 and 17.2 t/ha. Varieties of alfalfa variable Vitalina and Vela provided an average yield of dry matter of 7.6 and 9.0 t/ha, the maximum yield reached 15.4 and 18.1 t/ha.

HERBAL ECOSYSTEMS IN AGROLANDSCAPES VALUYKI DISTRICT OF SOUTH RUSSIAN PROVINCE STEPPE ZONE OF CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION OF RUSSIA

The characteristic of the spread of herbal ecosystems in the agrolandscapes of the Valui district of the South Russian province of the steppe zone of the Central Black Earth of Russia is given. Tramped pastures (with narrow-leaved bluegrass, sheep fescue, motley grass) predominate on the site of the indigenous (rich-motley grass, sheep fescue, feather-grass) Donetsk and middle-Don steppes.

MAIN DISEASES OF ALFALFA AND METHODS OF BREEDING FOR RESISTANCE TO THEM

The importance of alfalfa for agriculture and, in particular, for feed production is shown. The sequence of research to solve the problem of identifying and creating samples of alfalfa that are resistant to diseases is given. A brief description of the main fungal diseases of alfalfa is given. The main methods used in breeding for resistance to them are described. The effectiveness of the work performed is briefly shown.

HERBAL ECOSYSTEMS IN AGROLANDSCAPES VORONEZH-BORISOGLEBSK DISTRICT OF MIDDLE-RUSSIAN PROVINCE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH RUSSIA

The characteristic of the spread herbal ecosystems in the agrolandscapes of the Voronezh-Borisoglebsk district Middle Russian province forest-steppe zone Central Black Earth of Russia is given. Oska-Don meadow steppes and steppificated grasslands in complex with the vegetation of solonets and southern differences of Middle Russian meadow steppes predominate.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF LONG-TERM MULTI-CUT USE OF GRASS STAND WITH DIFFERENT RIPENING TIMES

The data on the economic efficiency of long-term (12–37th years) use of cereal grass stands with different ripening times are presented. With three-cutting technology, the conditionally net income amounted to 17.8–23.7 thousand rubles/hectare, the cost of 1 feed unit was 5.4–6.0 rubles.