Indirect assessment of the enterohepatic recirculation of piroxicam and tenoxicam

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Benveniste ◽  
R. Striberni ◽  
P. Dayer
Keyword(s):  
Enterohepatic Recirculation ◽  
Indirect Assessment

scholarly journals Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling of Cabozantinib to Simulate Enterohepatic Recirculation, Drug–Drug Interaction with Rifampin and Liver Impairment

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Bettina Gerner ◽  
Oliver Scherf-Clavel
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Impairment ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Enterohepatic Recirculation ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Physiologically Based

Cabozantinib (CAB) is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of several cancer types. Enterohepatic recirculation (EHC) of the substance is assumed but has not been further investigated yet. CAB is mainly metabolized via CYP3A4 and is susceptible for drug–drug interactions (DDI). The goal of this work was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to investigate EHC, to simulate DDI with Rifampin and to simulate subjects with hepatic impairment. The model was established using PK-Sim® and six human clinical studies. The inclusion of an EHC process into the model led to the most accurate description of the pharmacokinetic behavior of CAB. The model was able to predict plasma concentrations with low bias and good precision. Ninety-seven percent of all simulated plasma concentrations fell within 2-fold of the corresponding concentration observed. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) were predicted correctly (predicted/observed ratio of 0.9–1.2 for AUC and 0.8–1.1 for Cmax). DDI with Rifampin led to a reduction in predicted AUC by 77%. Several physiological parameters were adapted to simulate hepatic impairment correctly. This is the first CAB model used to simulate DDI with Rifampin and hepatic impairment including EHC, which can serve as a starting point for further simulations with regard to special populations.

Critical appraisal of oral calcium load test for indirect assessment of intestinal calcium absorption

Urology ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashayar Sakhaee ◽  
Roy Peterson ◽  
Cheryl Northcutt ◽  
Charles Y.C. Pak
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Calcium Absorption ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Oral Calcium ◽  
Indirect Assessment ◽  
Calcium Load

Indirect assessment of the maximum empirical activity (250 mCi) with respect to dosimetry concepts in radioiodine therapy of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 969-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abuqbeitah ◽  
Mustafa Demir ◽  
Levent Kabasakal ◽  
İffet Çavdar ◽  
Lebriz Uslu-Beşli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Indirect Assessment

scholarly journals AN EXAMPLE OF ABET ACCREDITATION PRACTICE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM AT UAE UNIVERSITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 387-401
Author(s):  
Emad Elnajjar ◽  
S.-A.B. Al Omari ◽  
Farag Omar ◽  
Mohamed YE. Selim ◽  
AHI Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Indirect Assessment ◽  
Engineering Program ◽  
Engineering And Technology ◽  
United Arab Emirates University

This paper focuses on the Mechanical Engineering Program (MEP) at United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) as a case study in terms of consistent accreditation by the internationally recognized Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc. (ABET), where significant proportions of the study give attention towards the recent records of accreditation; granted in 2016. The paper describes the program educational objectives (PEOs), the student learning outcomes (SOs), and the curriculum, direct and indirect assessment tools of the SOs and it’s mapping to the PEO, and the level of attainment achieved is addressed through a case study example.

scholarly journals Entwicklung von Instrumenten zur Erfassung von Ambivalenz gegenüber dem Eingehen einer Partnerschaft

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
Martin Pinquart ◽  
Carolin Stotzka ◽  
Rainer K. Silbereisen
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Attachment Representations ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Indirect Assessment ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
Psychometrische Eigenschaften

The present paper describes the development of two instruments for the direct versus indirect assessment of ambivalence concerning the beginning of an intimate relationship. Ambivalence was defined as coexistence of contradictory thoughts, feelings, or intentions regarding the start of an intimate relationship. The new scales show good to satisfactory psychometric properties. Ambivalence was related to neuroticism, shyness, anxious attachment representations, and low relationship quality. However, the direct assessment of ambivalence was more strongly correlated with other variables than the indirect measure. In addition, results are reported on the discriminant validity of the three subscales of the direct assessment of ambivalence. Zusammenfassung Vorgestellt wird die Entwicklung von zwei Instrumente zur direkten bzw. indirekten Erfassung von Ambivalenz in Entscheidungen über das Eingehen einer Partnerschaft. Ambivalenz wurde hierbei definiert als Nebeneinanderbestehen von sich widersprechenden Gedanken, Gefühlen und Verhaltensimpulsen bezüglich des Eingehens einer Partnerschaft. Insgesamt weisen die Instrumente gute bis zufrieden stellende psychometrische Eigenschaften auf. Ambivalenz geht unter anderem mit Neurotizismus, Schüchternheit, einer ängstlichen Bindungsrepräsentation an die Mutter und einer schlechteren eigenen Partnerschaftsqualität einher. Das Instrument zur direkten Erfassung der Ambivalenz zeigt stärkere Zusammenhänge mit Außenkriterien als das Instrument zur indirekten Erfassung. Berichtet werden Befunde zur differentiellen Validität der drei Subskalen des Fragebogens zur direkten Erfassung der Ambivalenz.

scholarly journals Internal Strategies for Assessing Organizational Communication Channel Effectiveness

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin E Murphy ◽  
Douglas G Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Internal Communication ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Law Firms ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Professional Service Firms ◽  
Indirect Assessment ◽  
Informal Assessment ◽  
Assessment Strategies

Evolving communication technology, the increased volume of information needed by businesses and the intensified competitive environment have made internal company communication more critical to business success. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies for assessing the effectiveness of internal communication channels used by managers and leaders of three law firms in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The participating firms were recognized by their peers as being exceptionally well managed. Data from interviews and company documents were analyzed through the conceptual lens of channel expansion theory and the use of software coding to identify patterns and themes. Three important themes emerged: informal assessment strategies, indirect assessment strategies, and efficient versus timely assessments. The first theme suggested the effectiveness of an informal assessment strategy, depending on the size and complexity of the organization. The second theme reflected the effectiveness of an indirect assessment for organizations that lack the resources to support a more direct and specific assessment process. The third theme reflected the participants’ perceptions of informal and indirect assessments may be more efficient, the feedback from the assessments are often less timely. Managers may consider these themes in formulating communication policies. Small professional service firms, such as legal firms, provide important services to individuals, families, and businesses in their community.

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