Immunogold labelling of serotonin-like and FMRFamide-like immunoreactive material in neurohaemal areas on abdominal nerves of Rhodnius prolixus

1994 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Miksys ◽  
Ian Orchard
Keyword(s):  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Immunoreactive Material ◽  
Neurohaemal Areas

scholarly journals The distribution of a CRF-like diuretic peptide in the blood-feeding bug Rhodnius prolixus

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (15) ◽  
pp. 2017-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Te Brugge ◽  
S.M. Miksys ◽  
G.M. Coast ◽  
D.A. Schooley ◽  
I. Orchard
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Malpighian Tubule ◽  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Double Labelling ◽  
Neurohaemal Areas ◽  
The Brain

The blood-feeding bug Rhodnius prolixus ingests a large blood meal, and this is followed by a rapid diuresis to eliminate excess water and salt. Previous studies have demonstrated that serotonin and an unidentified peptide act as diuretic factors. In other insects, members of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-related peptide family have been shown to play a role in post-feeding diuresis. Using fluorescence immunohistochemistry and immunogold labelling with antibodies to the Locusta CRF-like diuretic hormone (Locusta-DH) and serotonin, we have mapped the distribution of neurones displaying these phenotypes in R. prolixus. Strong Locusta-DH-like immunoreactivity was found in numerous neurones of the central nervous system (CNS) and, in particular, in medial neurosecretory cells of the brain and in posterior lateral neurosecretory cells of the mesothoracic ganglionic mass (MTGM). Positively stained neurohaemal areas were found associated with the corpus cardiacum (CC) and on abdominal nerves 1 and 2. In addition, Locusta-DH-like immunoreactive nerve processes were found over the posterior midgut and hindgut. Double-labelling studies for Locusta-DH-like and serotonin-like immunoreactivity demonstrated some co-localisation in the CNS; however, no co-localisation was found in the medial neurosecretory cells of the brain, the posterior lateral neurosecretory cells of the MTGM or neurohaemal areas. To confirm the presence of a diuretic factor in the CC and abdominal nerves, extracts were tested in Malpighian tubule secretion assays and cyclic AMP assays. Extracts of the CC and abdominal nerves caused an increase in the rate of secretion and an increase in the level of cyclic AMP in the Malpighian tubules of fifth-instar R. prolixus. The presence of the peptide in neurohaemal terminals of the CC and abdominal nerves that are distinct from serotonin-containing terminals indicates that the peptide is capable of being released into the haemolymph and that this release can be independent of the release of serotonin.

Fine structure of the abdominal neurosecretory organs of Rhodnius prolixus Stål.

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Kuster ◽  
K. G. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Neurosecretory Neurons ◽  
Neurohaemal Areas

Abdominal segments II–V of female Rhodnius prolixus adults each contain a pair of abdominal neurosecretory organs (ANO). They are attached to the anterolateral borders of their respective tergites and sternites. The ANO consist of neurosecretory neurons containing granules approximately 120 nm in diameter, together with glial and connective tissue elements. Apparent neurohaemal areas are located dorsally.

Immunogold labelling of FMRFamide-like neuropeptide in neurons of Aglantha digitale (Hydromedusae: Trachylina)

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 800-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Singla ◽  
G. O. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Immunoreactive Material

FMRFamide-like neuropeptides have been implicated in transmitter roles in cnidarians. This study was undertaken to determine the ultrastructural distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactive material in jellyfish neurons. Immunoreactivity was found to be restricted to large dense cored vesicles. These vesicles were only rarely found at synapses while the small clear vesicles that are found clustered at synapses were not immunoreactive. These results suggest that FMRFamide-like neuropeptides are not released at conventional synapses in cnidarians but at other, unknown sites, and that the synaptic vesicles observed contain a different, presumably fast neurotransmitter.

Potassium-Induced Release of the Diuretic Hormones of Rhodnius Prolixus and Glossina Austeni: Ca Dependence, Time Course and Localization of Neurohaemal Areas

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. P. MADDRELL ◽  
J. D. GEE
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
Glossina Austeni ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Neurosecretory Axon ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Neurohaemal Areas

1. Exposure of neurohaemal areas to solutions of elevated K concentration (above 40 mM) causes a maximal release of diuretic hormone in Rhodnius prolixus and Glossina austeni. 2. An involvement of Ca in hormone release is indicated by the reduction caused by low concentrations of this cation (below 2 mM) or by the presence of Mn. 3. During prolonged treatment with K-rich solutions the rate of hormone release is initially high, but then declines. This response parallels that for Ca entry into squid giant axons during maintained potassium depolarization and suggests that the rate of Ca entry controls the rate of hormone release. 4. Tetrodotoxin did not reduce the potassium-induced release of the hormone, suggesting that K acts directly on the neurosecretory axon endings in the neurohaemal areas.

The Dermal Glands of Rhodnius Prolixus

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 258-259
Author(s):  
J. E. Lai-Fook
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Outermost Layer ◽  
Cement Layer ◽  
Dermal Glands

Dermal glands are epidermal derivatives which are reported to secrete either the cement layer, which is the outermost layer of the epicuticle or some component of the moulting fluid which digests the endocuticle. The secretions do not show well-defined staining reactions and therefore they have not been positively identified. This has contributed to another difficulty, namely, that of determining the time of secretory activity. This description of the fine structure of the developing glands in Rhodnius was undertaken to determine the time of activity, with a view to investigating their function.

A combined pseudoreplica-immunocytochemical technique for research and diagnostic virology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 900-901
Author(s):  
Blayne Fritz ◽  
Stanley J. Naides ◽  
Kenneth Moore
Keyword(s):  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Specimen Retrieval ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Diagnostic Virology

The pseudoreplica method of staining viral particles for visualization by transmission electron microscopy is a very popular technique. The ability to concentrate clinical specimens while semi-embedding viral particles makes it especially well suited for morphologic and diagnostic virology. Immunolabelling viral particles with colloidal gold is a technique frequently employed by both research and diagnostic virologists. We have characterized a procedure which provides the advantage of both by modifying and combining pseudoreplica staining and immunogold labelling.Modification of specimen retrieval and delay of staining allows us to utilize pseudoreplica processed specimens within our standard immunogold labelling protocol. In brief, we absorbed samples onto 2% agarose, added.25% Formvar and wicked dry. We then floated the Formvar-virus film onto double distilled water, added grids and retrieved with parafilm. The Formvar-virus specimens were then treated as thin tissue sections within our standard two stage immunolabelling protocol. Following completion of immunogold labelling; each grid was negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid or uranyl acetate contrast stains.

Cellular Localisation in Placenta of Placental Type Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. 063-065 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Åstedt ◽  
I Hägerstrand ◽  
I Lecander
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Immunoreactive Material ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Cellular Localisation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
In Pregnancy

SummaryA specific plasminogen activator inhibitor is known to occur in placenta and in pregnancy plasma. Immunohistochemical methods with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against the inhibitor were used for its localisation in term placentas. Immunoreactive material was found in the trophoblastic epithelium. It was absent in the stroma of the chorion villi.

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