Non invasive study of systemic and regional haemodynamic and cardiac effects of a new calcium antagonist, SR 33557, in healthy volunteers

Background: Responses to external emotional-stimuli or their transitions might help to elucidate the scientific background and assist the clinical management of psychiatric problems, but pure emotional-materials and their utilization at different levels of neurophysiological processing are few. Objective: We aimed to describe the responses at central and peripheral levels in healthy volunteers and psychiatric patients when facing external emotions and their transitions. Methods: Using pictures and sounds with pure emotions of Disgust, Erotica, Fear, Happiness, Neutral, and Sadness or their transitions as stimuli, we have developed a series of non-invasive techniques, i.e., the event-related potentials, functional magnetic resonance imaging, excitatory and inhibitory brainstem reflexes, and polygraph, to assess different levels of neurophysiological responses in different populations. Results: Sample outcomes on various conditions were specific and distinguishable at cortical to peripheral levels in bipolar I and II disorder patients compared to healthy volunteers. Conclusions: Methodologically, designs with these pure emotions and their transitions are applicable, and results per se are specifically interpretable in patients with emotion-related problems.

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Differences in Cardiac Effects of Venoms from Tentacles and the Bell of Live Carukia barnesi: Using Non-Invasive Pulse Wave Doppler

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins13010019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Mark Little ◽

Peter Pereira ◽

Jamie Seymour

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Murine Model ◽

Real World ◽

Cardiac Dysfunction ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Cardiac Effects ◽

Post Exposure ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Cardiac Decompensation

Carukia barnesi was the first in an expanding list of cubozoan jellyfish whose sting was identified as causing Irukandji syndrome. Nematocysts present on both the bell and tentacles are known to produce localised stings, though their individual roles in Irukandji syndrome have remained speculative. This research examines differences through venom profiling and pulse wave Doppler in a murine model. The latter demonstrates marked measurable differences in cardiac parameters. The venom from tentacles (CBVt) resulted in cardiac decompensation and death in all mice at a mean of 40 min (95% CL: ± 11 min), whereas the venom from the bell (CBVb) did not produce any cardiac dysfunction nor death in mice at 60 min post-exposure. This difference is pronounced, and we propose that bell exposure is unlikely to be causative in severe Irukandji syndrome. To date, all previously published cubozoan venom research utilised parenterally administered venom in their animal models, with many acknowledging their questionable applicability to real-world envenomation. Our model used live cubozoans on anaesthetised mice to simulate normal envenomation mechanics and actual expressed venoms. Consequently, we provide validity to the parenteral methodology used by previous cubozoan venom research.

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Evidence of activation of vagal afferents by non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation: An electrophysiological study in healthy volunteers

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102417717470 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (13) ◽

pp. 1285-1293 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Romain Nonis ◽

Kevin D’Ostilio ◽

Jean Schoenen ◽

Delphine Magis

Keyword(s):

Vagus Nerve ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽

Electrophysiological Study ◽

Vagal Afferents ◽

Response Analysis ◽

Bipolar Electrode ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Vagal Afferent

Background Benefits of cervical non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) devices have been shown in episodic cluster headache and preliminarily suggested in migraine, but direct evidence of vagus nerve activation using such devices is lacking. Vagal somatosensory evoked potentials (vSEPs) associated with vagal afferent activation have been reported for invasive vagus nerve stimulation (iVNS) and non-invasive auricular vagal stimulation. Here, we aimed to show and characterise vSEPs for cervical nVNS. Methods vSEPs were recorded for 12 healthy volunteers who received nVNS over the cervical vagus nerve, bipolar electrode/DS7A stimulation over the inner tragus, and nVNS over the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. We measured peak-to-peak amplitudes (P1-N1), wave latencies, and N1 area under the curve. Results P1-N1 vSEPs were observed for cervical nVNS (11/12) and auricular stimulation (9/12), with latencies similar to those described previously, whereas SCM stimulation revealed only a muscle artefact with a much longer latency. A dose-response analysis showed that cervical nVNS elicited a clear vSEP response in more than 80% of the participants using an intensity of 15 V. Conclusion Cervical nVNS can activate vagal afferent fibres, as evidenced by the recording of far-field vSEPs similar to those seen with iVNS and non-invasive auricular stimulation.

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Non-invasive monitoring of the cardiac effects of continuous intravenous oxytocin infusion during cesarean delivery

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1002/ijgo.12305 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 139 (2) ◽

pp. 251-252

Author(s):

Hiroaki Tanaka ◽

Kayo Tanaka ◽

Makoto Tsuji ◽

Shoichi Magawa ◽

Fumi Hatano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Invasive Monitoring ◽

Cardiac Effects ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Oxytocin Infusion

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Short-term Effects Of Non-invasive Ventilation On Cerebral Blood Flow And Cognitive Function In COPD Patients And In Healthy Volunteers

10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a3063 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Mirizana Alves-de-Almeida ◽

Francisco A.A. Gondim ◽

Tauily C.D. Taunay ◽

Francisco F. Costa ◽

Gustavo T.C. Penha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Invasive Ventilation ◽

Short Term ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Non Invasive Ventilation ◽

Short Term Effects

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Ability of radial arterial palpation and observation of the pulse oximetry trace to estimate non-invasive systolic pressure in healthy volunteers and in women undergoing spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean section*

Anaesthesia ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06586.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Sabharwal ◽

T. Strickland ◽

S. M. Yentis

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Pulse Oximetry ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Spinal Anaesthesia ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Non Invasive

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Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure counteracts inward air leaks during preoxygenation: a randomised crossover controlled study in healthy volunteers

British Journal of Anaesthesia ◽

10.1016/j.bja.2017.12.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. 868-873 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J.-L. Hanouz ◽

F. Le Gall ◽

J.-L. Gérard ◽

N. Terzi ◽

H. Normand

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Positive Pressure ◽

Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Air Leaks

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NIMG-36. EVALUATION OF [18F]DASA-23 FOR NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF ABERRANTLY EXPRESSED PYRUVATE KINASE M2 IN GLIOMA: FIRST-IN-HUMAN STUDY

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noz175.706 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽

pp. vi169-vi169

Author(s):

Chirag Patel ◽

Corinne Beinat ◽

Tom Haywood ◽

Surya Murty ◽

Yuanyang Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Pyruvate Kinase ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Human Study ◽

Standardized Uptake Value ◽

High Grade Glioma ◽

Low Grade ◽

Post Injection ◽

Pyruvate Kinase M2 ◽

Non Invasive

Abstract OBJECTIVES We developed 1-((2-fluoro-6-(fluoro-[18F])phenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([18F]DASA-23) as a novel radiopharmaceutical to measure pyruvate kinase M2 levels by positron emission tomography (PET). PKM2 catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, the key process of tumor metabolism. PKM2 is preferentially expressed by glioblastoma (GBM) cells with minimal expression in the healthy brain, making it an important biomarker of cancer glycolytic re-programming. Here, we report the first evaluation of [18F]DASA-23 in human healthy volunteers and subjects with low-grade (LGG) and high-grade glioma (HGG). METHODS [18F]DASA-23 was synthesized under GMP conditions. Brain [18F]DASA-23 PET/MRI scans (3T) were performed in human healthy volunteers (n=5) and subjects with LGG (n=3) and HGG (n=2). The PET imaging duration was 60 min and standardized uptake value (SUV) calculations were performed on the 30–60 min summed images. The maximum SUV in the tumor (TumorSUVmax) and contralateral white matter (WMSUVmax) were calculated. RESULTS [18F]DASA-23 specific activity was 2961±873 mCi/µmol (n=10) with radiochemical purity >95%, injected mass of 1.8±0.7 mcg, and dose of 0.3±0.02 mcg per kg body weight. In healthy volunteers, [18F]DASA-23 crossed the intact blood-brain barrier and was rapidly cleared through the bladder and also showed uptake in the gallbladder, liver, and intestines over time. [18F]DASA-23 was found to be intact in plasma up to 10 min post-injection and 75% intact at 30 min post-injection. In subjects with glioma, TumorSUVmax was significantly greater in HGG (2.2±0.4, n=2) compared to LGG (0.8±0.3m n=3), p=0.02. In this early human series, the normalized ratio of TumorSUVmax/WMSUVmax was not significantly different between subjects with HGG (2.0±0.6) and LGG (1.0±0.4), p=0.1. CONCLUSION [18F]DASA-23 is a promising new imaging agent for the non-invasive delineation of LGG and HGG based on aberrantly expressed PKM2. An ongoing study is evaluating the utility of this agent in additional patients with intracranial malignancies (NCT03539731).

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